How to create your own service? Examples and methods of using web services. How to create your own cashback service

We have all encountered various SMS services. These are content merchants for mobile phone, and all kinds of SMS voting (just remember the same “Star Factory”), and quizzes, and dating services.
Various promotions of large companies (“find the code under the cap, send an SMS to the number”) are also from this opera.

All these services and activities have one thing in common: users send SMS messages with certain content from their mobile phones to short numbers. As a result, money, sometimes quite a lot, is debited from the subscriber’s account. A significant part of this money ends up in the pockets of the organizers of all these services, for which, in fact, everything is usually started.

Did you know that virtually anyone can create an SMS service?! To receive SMS messages to a short number, giving something in return to the user, services or goods, you don’t need a lot of money and huge teams of developers. Therefore, it fits well into the “home business” format. I actually did everything alone.

Let me make a reservation right away: creating a service is quite easy if you know the organizational and technical aspects. And I intend to talk about it.

But in order to make good money on this, this is where the usual laws of business come into force. No one canceled a good idea, design solutions, competent advertising and promotion, user interaction, etc.

So, main idea is this: people can (should? :)) send SMS messages from their mobile phones, we receive money for this, and in return we give something away - goods or services.

It’s up to you to decide where to attach this idea, there are plenty of options. You can add an SMS component to existing projects, for example, by organizing a fundraiser on your non-profit Internet resource or adding the ability to pay for goods by SMS message to your online store of digital goods. Isn't it convenient? Still, our number of mobile phones is much higher than the number of webmoney or rupay users. You can sell access to the closed part of the site through paid SMS (a method that is becoming increasingly popular among porn barons).

Or, just for fun, I tried it myself: I made e-books(by the way, I had the rights to distribute them, these are the things you need to keep an eye on, everything is serious here), three volumes. I scattered download links across thematic forums, saying “take it for whoever needs it,” the first two volumes are free, without protection. And the third, the most interesting, is password protected. The password is sent via SMS request to a short number and comes in a response SMS. That's all the wisdom. The money then turned out not to be great, but very pleasant.

You can create projects that will initially be linked to SMS. These are just all sorts of quizzes, voting, dating services, and so on. What can you come up with - imagination and business calculation will help you here.

Take a look, for example, at my latest project sms-molitva.ru Without boasting, I will say that there is definitely nothing like this in Runet.

By the way, projects do not have to be online. But even in this case, you can’t do without the Internet. service information will still circulate through Internet channels.

Now let's talk about how to organize everything. I’ll say right away that there are offices on the RuNet that quickly and seemingly seamlessly allow you to organize the reception of SMS, such as “Sms-kopilka” (sms-kopilka.ru). But, firstly, the rules change there often, and you will be there on a bird's license. Secondly, there is absolutely no flexibility. The most this service can do is accept donations on the site, and the code there is dynamic, and those who want to donate on your site will have to send system-generated combinations of symbols that are different each time. Thirdly, cheap solutions look extremely undignified, it’s like being hosted on narod.ru. In general, not our way.

To begin with, we need two things: a good short number/numbers and that when we send an SMS to this number, money will be credited to us.

If you get a short number “from scratch” and only for yourself, it will be very troublesome and expensive. Buying a short number costs anywhere from $2,000 for a “just short” to $10,000 for a “nice short,” plus monthly rent of several hundred dollars. In addition, you will have to enter into contracts with each of the operators mobile communications, from whose subscribers you want to receive SMS. And organizing the reception of SMS messages from each operator is a non-trivial task and requires special and expensive software. In general, this money and trouble somehow do not fit into the concept of “home business,” so we cross it out. What to do?

There are so-called aggregator companies that take on the above-mentioned troubles and costs, providing you with a ready-made and convenient solution. In exchange, of course, they take a small bite out of the cost of each SMS, usually 5-10%. This is not much compared to the 40-45% that the telecom operator immediately takes in any case. In general, your share will be approximately half of the tariff. This is normal, this is how everyone works. The aggregator has its own short numbers and has agreements with all (or many) mobile operators in Russia, and sometimes in the CIS countries.

There are quite a lot of aggregators on the RuNet, I know about a dozen and a half. Here are some of them:

— “Nikita” — nikita.ru/nikita/nikmobrus/partners/wapweb.php (I myself use their services)
— “Mobbis” — mobbis.mobi
— “Inform-Mobil” — inform-mobil.ru/flash/immo_ru.html
— “TeleContent” — tcnt.ru/partner/agregator.html
— “Radioservice Mobile” — rsm.ru/company/partnership/

Financial conditions are approximately the same everywhere, the differences are in the organizational approach. Everywhere I found out, they require a formalized personal legal entity, but variations are possible: in some places a bank account is required, in others they are ready to transfer you electronic money. Somewhere there is a rigid agreement with a bunch of applications and seals, but I agreed “without papers.” In general, ask, communicate.

When contacting an aggregator, have at least a simple business plan in stock, because you will be asked questions. What is the essence of the idea? What is the process for using your service? What is the consumer profile, what promotional activities are planned? And so on. If everything is in order, and the aggregator employees no longer have any suspicions (rest assured, ideas that smell like a scam will not be allowed through), they will assign a personal employee to you, with whom you will decide everything. Now you are an aggregator partner.

The aggregator's short numbers are common to all partners. To distinguish SMS messages intended for one partner from others, prefixes are used. A prefix is a set of characters at the beginning of an SMS message (“Send URA to such and such a number,” URA is this very prefix). Choose your own prefix, as long as it’s not already occupied, or maybe you’ll need several of them.

There are usually several numbers, they differ in the cost of SMS. Common values: 10 cents, 15 cents, $0.5, $1, $2.5, $3, $5.

Get access to your personal zone on the aggregator’s website and you will be able to view statistics of your income.

That's it, there are no more problems with receiving SMS messages and charging money.

When you register with an aggregator, you will receive a set of technical documentation that describes in detail how the aggregator script and your scripts will exchange information. If you are familiar with programming in php, asp or python, fine, if not, hire someone. I know a little php, I could figure it out myself, but it was easier and faster for me to hire a smart guy. He literally sat for one evening and did everything. The money is 50 bucks.

In simple terms, everything looks like this: SMS messages from users will be accepted and, if necessary, given to your system for processing. That is, the script on your website will interact with the aggregator script, receive SMS messages from it with all additional data such as the phone number from which the SMS came, operator, date and time of receipt. Your script accepts all this, then your system processes it as you need (the store has one algorithm, the dating service has another), generates a response, passes it to the aggregator script, which sends a response SMS to the user.

That's all there is to receiving SMS messages. There is nothing extremely complicated.

You say: do you need to program? Well, first of all, this is not always necessary. Secondly, if you create an online store or something else interactive service, this cannot be avoided, but here it just adds a couple of dozen lines of code.

The only inconvenience: when you start working, you won’t get your first money soon. According to established practice, mobile operators pay the aggregator around the 20th day of the current month for the previous month. Well, the aggregator needs about five more days to pay you. That is, if you start in September, you will receive your first money at the end of October. Although this is not a problem, I think you are not starting one-day projects, are you? 😉

In general, it seems to me that a lot here depends on the initial idea and on your business qualities, as in any other business, no matter whether home or large. SMS is just a convenient way to collect money from clients.

As they used to say: “Create, invent, try”! If you have any questions, write, I will answer as soon as possible.

Hello everyone, Denis Chernyatinsky here. Today I will touch on the topic of creating short links on my website. I believe that you have often come across a link shortening service that turns long links consisting of several hundred characters into short links consisting of several characters.

Why do you need a link shortening service?

For example, so that you can shorten your affiliate links without fear that their affiliate “tail” may be cut off. Such services shorten the link and the affiliate identifier will no longer be cut off.

Another example, it is very convenient to send such a short link via SMS rather than one consisting of several hundred characters, and at the same time it will be more convenient for the recipient to manually enter a few characters than several hundred.

There are a lot of options for using such services; if you think carefully, you yourself will come up with why and how to use such opportunities.

There are quite a few link shortening services on the Internet, but I think you would like to create such a service on your domain..

How to create a link shortening service on your hosting?

How to implement such a service on your domain, in this article we will look at this issue. A special script called YOURLS will help us with this. Download it from the official website directly from the main page, scroll to the bottom of the page and click “Download YOURLS”.

The script is constantly being developed and improved, at the time of writing latest version is 1.7. Click on the link to download the archive in zip format.

We unpack the downloaded archive to your computer, we get the YOURLS-1.7 folder with script files. We connect to our domain to upload these files to the hosting. If you don’t know how to do this, read.

This script works not only with the main domain, but also with subdomains and with any domain directory. You yourself must figure out how it will be more convenient for you and what type of link you want to see in the end.

For example, I will make a folder inside my domain on the server, and the link will look like this: “site.ru/folder/link”. For the link to look like, let’s briefly name the folder “url” and upload all the files of the unpacked script into it.

In the meantime, while the script files are being uploaded to a folder on the server, we will create a database. In it he will store the original links and shortened ones. We go to your hosting control panel, MySQL database management and create a database for our YOURLS script. Come up with login and password values at your discretion, it is advisable that they are not too simple, click create.

That's it, we have created a database, in our example it is “blogurl”, your names may differ. The script files have already been uploaded to the hosting, and we can move on to setting up our script.

Base settings

Database username, in our example “mysql”.
Password for the database, in my case “mysql”
Database names, mine is “blogurl”
Host name, in my example “blog.ru”
Database table prefix "yourls_"

These values will be radically different for you, since I am demonstrating the script on my local server.

Link url settings

The name of the site on which the script is located, in my example it is “https://blog.ru/url”, note that after “url” there is no need to put a vertical slash “/”. This is written above.

Script settings

Time zone or time zone, set yours, I have “+3”.
Do you need to create not one, but several short links for one long link? If the answer is yes, then enter the “false” parameter in the setting instead of the “true” value.
Do you need links to be created not only from the admin panel of the script, but also from the public page of the site. I left the value "true". We do not need to open access to link creation to all users, thereby protecting ourselves from spam.
There is specific text here that you must convert to unique in order to establish a certain level of security.
We come up with a login and password to enter the administrative section of the script. If you have one account, then delete unnecessary values. If there are several of them, we write them separated by commas.

Link shortening options:

If you need to use small letters with numbers in the shortened link, then enter the parameter “36”.
If you need the presence of both small and large characters, then enter the value “62”.
Decide for yourself what values you need, I leave the default “36”.

Safe words

This parameter contains a list of stop words that prevent links with the specified values from being generated. There are certain words listed there, you can add your own.

Great, everything is done with the settings, save it and upload the already edited file back to the server in the appropriate directory.

Checking the script

We launch the browser and enter the address of the script on our domain, for example, “blog.ru/url/admin/”, then press enter, then “Install YOURLS”.

A notification will appear that all tables in the database have been created and a proposal to go to the administrative page of the script, click on the link to go to the admin panel. Here is a direct link just in case: “https://blog.ru/url/admin/index.php”.

Enter the login and password specified when editing the “config” file, click “login”. When you first log into the admin panel, a notification will appear that your password is stored in unencrypted form simply in the “config” file and a proposal to encrypt it. Click on the proposed encryption link. Will open special page, which generates a hash from our password necessary to encrypt it.

Enter the password in the appropriate field and click submit, your password will turn into a hash, copy its value and paste it into the “config.php” settings file on the server instead of your password. We save and update the file on the server.

If we refresh the page in the administrative section, the warning message will disappear, which means everything was done correctly. Now you can start full-time work with our own short link service.

In new versions of the script, starting from version 1.7, automatic password encryption has already been implemented in the config file. It is not necessary to do the encryption manipulations described above.

Examples of using links

As an example, several links will be indicated; they can be deleted by clicking on the delete button. With this action we will free up our database a little and start creating links with clean slate. For example, let’s enter some long link and give it a shortcut manually, for example, “do”, click on the shorten button. Our long link has been shortened to “blog.ru/url/do”; if we copy it and follow it, we will get to the original page with the long link.

If you do not enter a manual link shortener, the link will be shortened arbitrarily. For affiliate links, it is better to do the name of a course manually, it is more clear and beautiful, for example, “blog.ru/url/videokurs”. The user who clicks on such a link will understand what will happen next and what page he will go to.

As you create links, you will see a list of them, where you can see the number of clicks on each link, as well as more detailed information for each link. You can edit, share them on social networks and much more.

Script localization

As you noticed, it does not have Russian language, but we can localize it manually. We will Russify our script to make it convenient and pleasant to work with. For this I am attaching special files Russifications that add the great and mighty Russian language.

Russian language settings

You need to download the archive from the link and unpack it.
Copy files from the archive “ru_Ru.po” and “ru_Ru.mo” to the directory on the server “user/languages”
Find the line “define(‘YOURLS_LANG’, ‘ru_RU’)” in “config.php” and enter the value “ru_RU”, after these actions the script will be in Russian.

Now you have learned how to install and use the short link service on your website. I hope the information was useful to you.

Thought of the article

I wish everyone successful creation short links on your website. See you in interesting articles on my blog. Thanks for your attention, bye!

A service center is an organization that provides its services in the field of repair and maintenance of office and household appliances. This type business is very relevant, as it is explained by the increasing role of informatization in the life of an ordinary person. The equipment, due to its service life, is short-lived, in addition, an occasional failure in software or technical support leads to its failure, which in certain conditions is a big problem due to the huge need to carry out most operations through computers. Computerization has greatly affected the living conditions of everyone, making people dependent on most types of technical devices.

In these conditions, opening your own repair point will be a very profitable activity. will serve as the necessary help for every novice entrepreneur who has associated himself with this type of service.

Start of activity

As with any other enterprise focused on providing services to the public, the first step will be to register your own business. To do this, you must register at your place of residence with tax office your organization, having received a document notifying about the type of activity and its owner. After receiving official documents and registering your company, you need to order a personal seal or stamp of the company, and to make a non-cash payment you need to open your non-cash account with a banking organization.

An important role is played by obtaining a license, which ensures entity the right to engage in a certain type of activity, to purchase or rent commercial premises, with its subsequent documentation.

Every novice entrepreneur faces a traditional question: what legal status should he give his company? There are two types of organization: limited liability company and individual entrepreneurship. The importance of this step lies in the fact that the legal organization of the company and the degree of responsibility of the entrepreneur himself will depend on it.

It is also necessary to conclude an agreement between the manufacturer of the product and service center. Due to the fact that it is not always possible to locate a repair center close to the enterprise itself, this step will be mutually beneficial. In addition, you must purchase a license from the manufacturer to service and repair products under warranty.

For best performance The service center must have a point of acceptance of low-quality goods or goods subject to repair, and its own repair shop, which will repair faulty devices. In addition, if the repair center specializes in correcting defects in larger devices, then it is worth worrying about the necessary transport.

A necessary condition for the normal functioning of the service is the availability of spare parts. The speed of the work performed depends on their sufficient quantity, when you do not have to wait for the delivery of the required part, since it is not available in the repair shop itself. With the aim of better work you need to conclude an agreement with the company itself, the devices of which your workshop is repairing. It is advisable to have several more spare parts suppliers as a backup option, as this will help avoid a number of unpleasant moments associated with the lack of necessary components.

Return to contents

Financial expenses

The initial stage of this type of activity involves the purchase of necessary equipment and recruitment of staff. With the search for personnel, the situation is simpler; the main thing is to decide what volume of services the company will provide. For starters, 2 receptionists and 1 repair engineer will be enough. For example, in a month one repairman is quite capable of mastering 130 laptops - it all depends on the degree of skill of the employee, the complexity of the repair and the product itself, starting with a mobile phone and ending with personal computer or other complex equipment. Two receivers are enough to accept the goods, fill out the necessary documents and then send the device for repair. In the event of an increased volume of equipment received for repair, it is necessary to worry about finding new personnel, the number of which will grow as the number of orders grows. Nevertheless, one well-trained specialist, based on the pace of work performed, will be able to repair more products than two inexperienced ones - this is an axiom that does not require any explanation.

On average, the salary of a repairman ranges from 20,000 to 30,000 rubles, while a receptionist, based on the status of his work, receives 10,000-15,000 rubles. With a standard number of employees of two receptionists and two repairmen total amount payments will range from 60,000 to 90,000 rubles.

The problem with purchasing the equipment necessary for repairs is different. In this case, the amount is more accurate, but not everything is so simple. For a standard repairman’s kit, which includes inventory and necessary equipment, you will need 58,000 rubles. This figure is focused on the provision of repair services only and does not imply the purchase of spare parts.

In general, the total number of costs at the initial stage will be about 750,000, which includes the purchase of inventory and the necessary transport for the purpose of delivering the goods to the repair site. In addition, every novice entrepreneur will definitely face another problem - renting premises, which depends on the area of the rented property.

The problem of monetizing web projects is still relevant, despite the fact that Internet business has existed for a long time and successfully. Together with users of the Quora service, we will try to answer the question of how to make money on a free online service.

Despite the fact that models for monetizing web projects seem to have been tested and proven effective, the problem of making money in the Internet business is relevant and acute. Especially if we're talking about about content projects and online services.

Even a large audience does not guarantee success for a web service, as recently demonstrated by The Old Reader service, which could not withstand the influx of users and announced its closure.

Users of the Quora service have identified several of the most typical ways to make money from free web services. Many of these models have been successfully tested by the largest companies from which you should learn how to make money.

"Freemium" model

The Freemium model is usually called a classic for most web services. This model is the most tested and has demonstrated its effectiveness more often than others. Freemium involves offering customers a free product (such as a program or game) with limited functionality or capabilities.

For a fee, the user receives the “missing” functionality. Most SaaS products use this model.

Limited trial period

This model does not work for all products, but it has also proven to be effective. Initially, the product is offered free of charge, so to speak, “to try” for a limited period of time. After the expiration of the established period, in order to continue working with the product or service, the user must switch to a paid payment model.

For example, 37 Signals offers a free 30-day trial for most of its products.

Companies that want to make money from advertising need to know as much as possible about their customers and deliver relevant and targeted advertising to them. This is how Facebook and Google make money.

Sponsorship model

In the event that the service indirectly helps the authorities and/or large companies, it is quite possible to use a sponsorship model; in other words, you can try to contact an interested organization for support. This scheme finances one of the largest startups operating in the MOOC education market - the project, sponsored by the Gates Foundation and Google.

Wikipedia model

The essence of this model is to collect donations from users. Many WordPress plugins, open source programs and applications, and Wikipedia use this model.

Model Gillette

Printers and razors from the famous company are sold at reduced prices, since the main and long-term profit will be provided by replaceable cartridges or blades. A printer or machine will be useless if its owner does not spend money on another highly profitable additional product from the manufacturer.

On the Internet, for example, you can create cloud service, which will allow you to create and edit documents for free, but in order to copy ready file on local computer, payment or subscription will be required.

Open source model

This model consists of providing a free product with the expectation of receiving money from its support, configuration, customization and installation. Majority software open source works on this model.

Fees for exceeding free limits

This model is similar to the Freemium model. Users are provided with a full-fledged product for free, in which the volume (scale) of its use is limited - for example, data storage space (as in Dropbox), or the number of downloads. To use the product to the extent of his needs, the client has to pay.

Zynga model

Making a profit from the sale of virtual products or opening new levels within a free game.

Model "Credit card"

In this model, the product is made free for one party (consumers), and through network effects, revenue comes from the other party (sellers). A similar model is already used by Facebook, Yelp and other online services.

Additional sales/cross-sells (Up-sell/Cross-sell)

Offering a free product in order to promote a premium product in the same segment. For example, a financial website might have a free information service stock quotes, and offers analytical reports and financial planning tools for a fee.

Brand creation

The free service can be used to create a brand, image, information field, which will then allow you to sell premium products (related or not directly to the free product).

Affiliate (partner) marketing

You can sign up for an affiliate program related to a product or service, converting your users into clients of partners, receiving a reward for this.

Sell to Google By building a large user base, you can ensure that it can attract a major buyer such as Microsoft or Google. They, in turn, could use it to sell their premium products/services. Many companies such as Freebase and Powerset have found their niche in this area.

Do free service contribution to the success of your next venture

If none of the previous free products If you can't get the money to come in, use it to build your personal brand and increase your popularity in hopes of securing funding for your next startup.

If a business cannot be called purely altruistic, it means that there is something in it that can be sold for money. As the saying goes: “If you don't pay, you are not a customer, but you are a product.”

Copy this code into a new text file and save it on your computer. Name the saved file index.html . Then open this file in any browser and look at the result.

Please note that by default any web server tries to serve the browser a page called index.html. Therefore, in 99% of cases source home page site is saved in a file under this name and this is considered good form.

You can download the full version of this simple HTML site as (10.8Mb). After unpacking the archive, run html/index.html.

Key stages of website creation

Creating a website yourself from scratch consists of three main stages:

Creating a website layout. It is at this stage that a clear visual representation of what the created Internet resource will look like appears. Most often used Adobe Photoshop or other raster editors.
Website layout. At this stage, they begin to layout the site from a .psd layout, mobile adaptation and testing for correct display in various browsers.
Implementation of PHP. At this stage, the site turns from static to dynamic.

Let's look at all these stages in more detail.

Creating a website layout

Most often the layout ( in this case, this word should be understood as visual design) of the site is created in programs that are commonly called graphic editors. The most popular are Adobe Photoshop and CorelDRAW. We recommend using Photoshop, as it is a little easier to learn and at the same time has a wealth of capabilities. In addition, this is what all web designers use.

We create new document in Adobe Photoshop. Give it a name - MySite.

Select a resolution of 1000 by 1000 pixels. It guarantees correct display for any user; the vertical size can be increased in the future.

Select a resolution of 72 pixels per inch and RGB color. We make sure to make these settings, since they are responsible for the correct display of the web page.

Then set the background color of F7F7C5 in hexadecimal format or select it using the color picker.

After this, select the menu item “ View » – “Guides” and activate the display of rulers and guides.

In the menu item " View » - «Snap to » You need to make sure that snapping to guides and document borders is enabled.

Using the " Text", enter the text name of the future site, the slogan under it, as well as the contact phone number at the top right of the layout.

To the left of the logo and to the right of the contact phone number, we draw guides that will allow us to designate frames along the width of the site.

Then using the " Forms » create a rectangle with rounded edges (radius – 8 points) and use it to designate the place for the image, which will be located in the site header.

Now it's time to insert an image into the site header.

Using the " Text ", and the Georgia font included in standard set operating room Windows systems, create a navigation menu and the title of the main page of the site.

Then, using the " Text " and font " Arial", add the text of the main page. In this case, it is best to use block text for subsequent work with it.

For the title in the text we use black font. For the navigation menu – white.

By moving the right border of the main text block, we insert an image into the page text ( to the right of the text).

Using the " Forms » - « Direct », draw the final line under the text of the page.

Using the " Text " (Arial font) place the copyright in the footer of the page (under the line ).

We cut the image fragments necessary for website layout using the “ Cutting » (we highlighted the main image in the header and the image in the text of the page).

As a result of the work done, we created a full-fledged website layout. In case you want to make your own changes to the page layout, the PSD file can also be found in .

In order to save and use the results of the work done in the form of images for subsequent website layout, go to the menu “ File » and select the item « Save for Web» . Then we adjust the quality of the output images and save them.

As a result of this, we will get many graphic fragments for our future template. In the folder where the template itself was saved, a folder with images will appear ( images). Select the ones you need and rename them.

The page layout has been created, the necessary fragments have been received, and you can proceed to layout.

However, it is worth noting that for maximum quick start you can use ready-made templates rather than creating them yourself. In the "" section you can find and create your own website based on HTML and CSS.

Website layout

First of all, you need to create a new text file and save it as index.html.

The first line of this file should look like this:

It tells the browser exactly how to process the page content. The following is a set of tags:

"Head" of the document"Body" of the document

Pair of tags … indicates that it contains HTML code.

Inside … tags are located that are not displayed in the user's browser window. As a rule, they begin with the word meta, and are called meta tags, but the tag … appears as the title of the browser window and is analyzed by search engines.

It's also important to understand that there are multiple ways to organize content. The most popular of them is organization using blocks (

…

) and in the form of tables ( …

As for the format for displaying elements, it can be set either directly, using appropriate tags, or using tables CSS styles. In this case, it is the second method that is most preferable, since it allows you to reapply component styles. The style sheet is set either inside the tag , or in a separate file ( most often this file is named style.css), a link to which is also located inside .

In our case, the structure of the site elements looks like this:

The fundamental documents that describe all the components of a particular language used to create websites are specifications.

You can study in more detail all the main HTML tags, their purpose, and the use of style sheets (CSS) using the books presented in the “” section, in addition, useful tips on content organization, layout, CSS are given in .

Creating a website using PHP

In the HTML page created in the previous example, everything is predefined and will not change when accessed by users. Such pages are usually called static; the tools provided by the hypertext language HTML are quite sufficient to create them.

If the information provided to site users changes depending on any factors or requests, the web page is said to contain dynamic content ( is dynamic).

To create such pages you need to use languages web programming. Among them, the most widely used are PHP, Python and Ruby on Rails for Unix systems, while Windows is characterized by the development of dynamic content using .NET tools.

This all concerns the server side, and for programming on the client side, JavaScript is most often used.

In the one we prepared there is a php folder in which the index.php file is saved. It is this that allows us to implement three pages of our test site with using PHP.

PHP is a popular web programming language designed for creating dynamic web pages. The main difference between a dynamic web page and a static one is that it is generated on the server, and the finished result is transferred to the user’s browser.

In this article, we will not delve into the jungle of PHP programming and, for clarity, we will limit ourselves to simple inserts of code fragments.

The essence of these actions is that we move the header and footer of the site into separate files: header.php and footer.php respectively. And then on pages with text content we insert them into the site layout using PHP. You can do this using the code below:

...

Try running the php/index.php file in your browser. Did not work out? Of course not. After all, the browser does not know what to do with the commands that make up the PHP file (aka PHP script).

In order for any PHP script to execute successfully, it must be processed by the language interpreter. Such an interpreter is necessarily present on all web servers and allows you to process PHP code. But how can we see what has changed as a result of our work?

To debug web applications and implement a full-fledged web server on computers running operating system Windows, a free package was created Denwer (for your convenience, it is present in the prepared by us). It includes the Apache web server, interpreters for web programming languages such as PHP and Perl, a database MySQL data, as well as tools for working with e-mail.

Installing the Denwer application package does not require any serious effort. Let's launch installation file, we fulfill all his requirements. Select a virtual drive letter for quick access to the web server and create shortcuts. That's all! Denwer is ready to go!

The web server we just installed is launched by clicking on the Start Denwer shortcut ( your name may be different). After starting the web server, copy it to the folder home/test1.ru/www/, located on the page that appears in the system virtual disk(usually Z), the contents of the php folder from which we are working with, except for the index.html file.

After that, dial in address bar browser test1.ru. Is this a familiar picture? Now follow the links located at the top of the page. Works? Great!

Create a website from scratch or using a website builder?

The key difference between creating from scratch (whether using CMS systems or source code) from a website builder is that creating a site from scratch implies the ability to not only create a site that meets your exact needs, but also manage all the features that you yourself and laid it down.

In turn, creating an Internet resource using one or another website builder will not require you to have special technical skills. Any of the above designers allows you to create a full-fledged website in just a few hours. However, you need to be extremely careful when choosing a designer. The choice is yours!

In the table below we have tried to summarize key benefits and disadvantages of a website from scratch VS website builder:

Comparative characteristics	Websites created using the constructor	Websites created independently from scratch
Easy to create	Just	Difficult
Creation speed	Very fast	For a long time
Ability to edit source code	No	Eat
Possibility of advancement in search engines Oh	Possible nuances	Absolute freedom
Flexibility in customizing design and functionality	Limited	Not limited
Possibility to transfer to another hosting	More often than not	Eat

What is the most preferable method of creating a website?

In fact, there is no clear answer to this question. It all depends on your goals and objectives. Maybe you want to explore the most popular CMS systems? Or maybe learn how to independently generate the source code of the website you are creating? Nothing is impossible!

But if you want to create a modern and really high-quality website in an extremely short time, we recommend using it!

Useful programs for beginner webmasters

We will list a few useful programs, which will greatly facilitate and speed up the process of creating a website yourself:

Notepad++ - text editor, which allows you to create and edit the source code of the created site. An excellent replacement for the Notepad program included in the Windows operating system.

Adobe Dreamweaver- powerful and multifunctional program to create websites. Among other things, it includes the ability preview created resource.

NetBeans– an application development environment that allows you to effectively work with markup and Web programming languages such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript and PHP.

Publishing the created website on the Internet

Let's say you have already created your first website, but what do you need to do so that any user of the World Wide Web can access it?

What is a “domain” and why is it needed?

A domain is the name of a website. In addition, the term “domain” often refers to the address of your website on the Internet.

A great example of a domain would be the name of the site you are currently on - site .

As you can see from the above example Domain name The site consists of two parts:

directly the name of the site - in our case it is internet-technologies;
selected domain zone. In our case, we chose domain zone « .ru" The domain zone is indicated in the website address after its name.

It is also worth noting that there are different levels of domains. It’s very easy to understand this - just look at the number of parts of the site address separated by a dot. For example:

website – second level domain;
forum.site is a third-level domain (aka subdomain).

Domain zones may be different. Most often, the choice of domain zone depends on the country or purpose of each specific site.

The most commonly used domain zones are:

.ru is the most popular domain zone within the Russian-language segment of the World Wide Web;
.biz - often the domain zone is used for business-related websites;
.com - this domain zone is most often used for commercial and corporate websites;
.info - informational sites are quite often located in this domain zone;
.net is another popular domain zone suitable for Internet-related projects;
.рф - official domain zone of the Russian Federation

If most of the target audience is in Russia, we recommend registering a domain in the “.ru” zone.

How to choose a domain

When choosing a domain for your own website, we recommend following the following principles:

originality and ease of memorization;
maximum length – 12 characters;
ease of typing in Latin;
absence of a dash sign in the domain name (preferably, but not required).
The domain’s history is clean and there are no sanctions on it from search engines. This can be checked using the “whois history” service.

Where can I buy a domain?

We recommend using the services of a reliable and time-tested domain name registrar - WebNames . That's what we use.

Among other things, the website of this registrar allows you to select a name (domain) for your website directly online. This is quite easy to do.

To do this, simply enter the desired domain name in the appropriate field and click the “Search domain” button.

What is "hosting"

In order for the website you created to become available to all users of the World Wide Web, in addition to the domain, your Internet resource will also need hosting.
The term “hosting” refers to the service of placing your website on the Internet. The provision of such services is provided by a large number of companies that are commonly called “hosters”.

You must clearly understand that all sites that are available on the World Wide Web are located somewhere. More specifically, they (their files) are located on hard drives servers ( powerful computers ), at the disposal of hosting companies.

Since almost any website consists of different types of files ( databases, texts, pictures, videos), access them from different computers carried out by processing a request addressed to the site, which is located on the server of the hosting company.

Hosting costs can vary greatly depending on how large and trafficked the site you create. Good news is that most sites don't require truly expensive hosting.

How to choose hosting

When choosing hosting for the website you are creating, we recommend being guided by the following criteria:

Stable work. The hosting you choose should work stably 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Otherwise, you will suffer reputational losses in the eyes of visitors, and also lose trust from search engines. In this regard, it is worth paying special attention to such a parameter as hosting uptime. Uptime is the time during which the site works normally and visitors can open it in their browser without any problems. It should be as close to 100% as possible. Site response time, on the other hand, demonstrates how quickly your site responds to a request from a user's browser. The faster the response time, the better.
Simplicity and convenience user interface . Upon entering Personal Area The entire control panel should not only be accessible, but also intuitive. In particular, you should see your current balance and also have fast access to all basic hosting functions.
Professional Russian-speaking support service. Fast, qualified and speaking your native language technical support is very important in case of various malfunctions in the operation of the site and the need for their prompt elimination.
Cost of services . This aspect is important both for novice webmasters who have a limited budget at their disposal, and for owners of large-scale Internet projects that require the use of really expensive hosting.

For our part, we can recommend you such reliable and time-tested hosting providers as Beget (for beginners and advanced webmasters), and FastVPS (for those who need high-performance hosting).

Placing the finished website on the server

Let's say you've already created a website, bought a domain and hosting. What to do next?

Now you need to place all the files of our site on the server of your chosen hosting provider. There are several ways to do this. Let's talk about them.

This is downloading the content of your website via the HTTP protocol using the hosting control panel.
Via FTP using a so-called FTP client.

It is the second method that is the fastest. For this task we recommend one of the best free FTP clients - FileZilla.

After establishing a connection with the FTP server of your chosen hosting provider ( Usually, after paying for hosting, the provider transfers the IP address, login and login password) available disk space will appear as a logical device ( just like regular computer hard drives) on one of the two panels of the program you are using. After this, all that remains is to start the copying process and wait for it to finish.

Answers to common questions

Where should a future webmaster (website creator) start learning?

basics HTML;
basics CSS;
basics PHP.

As for further training and development, to create one-page websites it will be useful to master such a program as Abobe Muse. If you want to create multifunctional websites to order, be sure to take the time to master CMS Wordpress, because it is now the most popular and widespread.

How to find and select specialists to create a website

Do you need a website, but don't want to create it yourself? Then you will need to find really good and competent specialists. Let's figure out how to do this. There are several criteria that you should rely on when choosing specialists to create a website. Let's highlight the main ones:

Availability of a portfolio of successfully completed projects. If the artist or team of artists you choose does not have a portfolio, this raises questions.

Is it possible to create a full-fledged website absolutely free?

No you can not. Even if you develop everything yourself (from scratch or on CMS), you will still need to buy hosting and a domain. It doesn't cost a lot of money, but it still costs money. If you take website builders, you can use them to create and test a website for free, but you cannot attach your own domain name to the created resource for free. An option with free subdomains, which is often used by website builders, or free hosting should not be considered as full-fledged. Therefore, investments, albeit minimal, will be required. But don’t be upset – it usually costs the same as a couple of cups of coffee a month.

Is it possible to make money by creating websites?

Of course you can! If you become a qualified specialist and create websites for other people, you will definitely be able to make money from it. As for the potential level of income received, it will depend on several factors. Among them it is worth highlighting the following:

your accumulated work experience;
solvency of your clients;
ability to negotiate with potential clients and sell them your services;
the niche in which you will work;
type of site being created.

different types

(their creation

this moment

creation of a business card website - from 100$ ;
creation of a corporate website - from 500$ ;
creation of an online store – from 1000$ ;
creation of a news website - from 700$ ;
creation of an informational SEO website - from 300$ ;
creation of an Internet portal - from 3000$ ;
creation of a one-page website - from 400$ ;
blog creation - from 50$ ;
creation of a forum - from 300$ .

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Instead of a conclusion

Thank you for reading this article. We will be very glad if our recommendations help you. Also, thank you for your likes and shares. Stay with us and you will learn many more interesting things!

Maybe you have some questions about website creation? Ask them in the comments and we will try to help you!