Who is the Sysadmin? How to transfer operating system and programs from HDD to SSD Copy windows 8.1 from hdd to ssd

Hello admin, I have a serious question for you, my brother has a problem, he needs as quickly as possible with all the programs. Three years ago he bought system unit, and six months ago I purchased and installed an operating room for him Windows system 8 Professional 64-bit Rus (OEM), instead of Windows 7, then I installed a sea of ​​licensed expensive software, my brother is a photo artist and is also engaged in professional photography. It took several days to install the system and programs.

After two and a half years of work, his computer began to turn on every other time and turn off whenever he pleases. V service center they said that it was necessary to replace the motherboard under warranty, but there is no such motherboard and there is no such manufacturer and will not be. And we were also told that perhaps our Windows 8 on a computer with a new motherboard and the new processor will not start, and if it does, then it will have to be repeated

activate, but you may not be able to activate, since Windows 8 Professional 64-bit Rus (OEM) is tightly tied to serial number motherboard, and the motherboard we get will be different.

I myself understand a little about computers and read your articles. So I'm asking you, while our motherboard is still working at the very least, is it really possible to transfer Windows 8 to another computer with all the programs, and even so that activation is preserved. If this is unrealistic, what can be done in this situation. Ruslan.

Transferring Windows 8 to another computer

Hello friends, with the help of this article you can transfer Windows 8 to another computer if interested, read on. The transfer will take place on real computers and by completely legal means, using a utility from Microsoft called. That is, everything will happen legally and honestly... The article is full of details, as I try to write primarily for novice users.

• Note: If you are interested in the article, visit the special section where you can find from one storage device to another.

So here we go. But first I want to tell you an interesting case. An acquaintance who works in our organization as an economist came up to me and asked for help in solving one problem. The problem turned out to be the following.

He bought operating system Windows 8, and nobody can install it, only Windows XP is installed. He turned to familiar masters, they all say the same thing - a weak computer, the installation of the system barely starts and hangs tightly halfway through the process. We tried to install Windows 7 on this system unit and did not succeed either. We tried everything, and, the hard drive, updated the BIOS, but nothing helped, they also tried to transfer Windows 8 using the program and everything ended with a blue screen, in short a dead end. This economist of ours tortured everyone, and the last was me.

Upon closer examination of the system unit, it turned out that in fact the components are old. But the requirements for installing Windows 8 are met by all the hardware, though minimal. The system should install, but it won't install.

ELITE GROUP - ECS P4M900T-M2 motherboard, VIA P4M900CD chipset

Intel® Celeron® E1200 processor @ 1.60 GHz.
GeForce 7300 LE graphics card with only 128 MB of RAM
RAM, two DDR2 667 MHz modules, 2 GB total.

Maxtor hard drive 250 GB.

It was then that I thought, shouldn't I transfer Windows 8 to this computer from another computer, for example from mine.
First of all, I removed the hard drive from the system unit of my friend and pushed his system unit to the side. Then I installed his hard drive in my system unit, after removing my hard drive.

Took him installation disc with Windows 8 and began to install his eight on his computer, but on his hard drive. My friend's hard drive was divided into two partitions, the first was Windows XP, and the second was data. I deleted the partition with Windows XP and began to install Windows 8. I did not touch the second partition with the data, after transferring the system, nothing should happen to them (as a result, after transferring Windows 8, the drive letter will fly off from this section and we will reassign it, personal files remain safe and sound).

I did not connect the Internet to the computer... The hardware on my computer is fundamentally different from the hardware on my friend's computer. Maternal ASUS board P8Z77-V (Intel Z77 chipset), processor, Intel processor® Core ™ i7.

Windows 8 cannot be installed if you did not enter the license key (), you had to enter, but since the Internet was not connected, this activation and Windows bindings 8 did not happen to the motherboard.

During the installation process, I assigned a name to the computer Makar-PK and created an account (it is not necessary to create a Microsoft account, create at least a simple local account, for example Makar-77),

then installed the required software package. My friend stood and looked at all this in amazement, not understanding what was happening and why I was installing his Windows 8 on my computer.

Now is the time to apply the sysprep utility built into Windows 8. This utility allows you to create a customized Windows image along with installed programs, which can then be deployed on another computer, preferably with a similar architecture, but very often I had to deploy such an image on a computer with completely different components and everything went well. And in our situation, although motherboards were from different manufacturers, but the processors were both from INTEL.

After the system is successfully deployed on another machine, you only need to enter the activation key (that is, as during a normal installation of the system), otherwise Windows case 8 will install, but will only work for 30 days. If activation fails, activate Windows 8 by phone, see the link to our article above.

There is extensive information about sysprep on the Microsoft official website, so be sure to read it.

http://technet.microsoft.com/ru-ru/library/cc721940(v=ws.10).aspx Run the command line as administrator

And we introduce slmgr command/ dlv,

A window opens, in which you can see the limit on the number of transferring Windows to other computers. In our case 1000.

Then we enter the command C: \ Windows \ System32 \ Sysprep \ Sysprep.exe

In the window that appears with the parameters, set everything as on the screenshot and click OK.

1. Putting the system into OOBE mode - the operating system transfer mode is activated the next time the system is started.
2. Preparation for use - all data will be deleted from the system that should not be copied along with the image (security identifiers (SID), activation information, and so on), but the installed software should be transferred without problems.
Windows 8 takes a few minutes to prepare for transfer to a friend's computer. The computer shuts down. We dismantle the hard drive from my system unit and put it in its rightful place in the system unit of my friend. We disconnect the computer of my friend from the Internet (below it is written why). We connect the cables and turn on his computer, everything is ready for transfer.

Note: Friends, if you now backup the prepared Windows image 8 in Acronis True Image or Paragon and save this image to DVD or portable USB hard drive, then you can successfully deploy this image to other computers, you can do without Acronis software, use the Dism or ImageX () tools built into the operating system, the only thing you need to do after installation is to enter the system license key or Windows will only work for 30 days and ask for activation (all honestly).

We turn on the computer, the BIOS should be set to boot from the hard disk. Immediately after switching on, the devices are being prepared.

You can activate Windows 8 after installation, click Next.

We accept the license agreement. Computer name.

Here friends attention! Microsoft itself advises to avoid conflict when transferring the system in this place, be sure to disconnect the computer from the Internet, and assign a new name to your computer, and also create a new user. Then, when transferring, you will keep your old profile with all installed programs and some settings. If you remember, when new installation Windows 8 we named our computer Makar-PK,

and created an account Makar-77

choose another name now, for example Fedot-PK. As a result, after transferring Windows 8, you will have two custom profiles... The old Makar-77 profile with all the programs and the Fedot-77 profile will be saved - it turns out to be temporary and is needed only for transferring Windows 8. Click Next.

Use standard parameters.

Choose Login without account Microsoft (if you previously signed in to your Windows 8 at Email, then you cannot enter it here, again, to avoid a conflict when transferring the system, and so that your old Makar-77 profile is not overwritten).

Create a new user, that is, an additional local account, different from the one already on this system. For example, before transferring Windows 8, you logged in under the Makar-77 account, now in this window create a Fedot-77 username, then assign a password with confirmation and a hint. Ready.

And finally it happens Windows boot 8. Naturally, the system is not activated until the Internet is connected, if you do not know how to activate if available license key, read our article " How to activate Windows 8".
We signed in to the Fedot-77 account we just created,

There is not a single program here, an empty desktop, that is, a blank profile,

But I installed the programs and they did not go anywhere. Selecting the Makar-77 account

and we get into the configured operating system, where almost all the programs I have installed are launched.

We go into the properties of the computer. We see all the information about the "new" components of the system unit.

We go to the device manager, surprisingly all the drivers were installed automatically, even on a video card, which has a place in a museum.

Disk management. When transferring Windows 8 from a new volume E: the drive letter flew off, it had to be assigned, all the files remained intact and unharmed. Right-click on the disk without a letter and select "Change drive letter or path to disk" from the menu

Assigning a drive letter

Let's start the AIDA program and see all our components in full.

Removing a temporary account

If you don't need the new Fedot-77 account, you can delete it. But before that, change the Makar-77 account type to administrator.
You can find out how to do this in our article:

Nowadays, SSD drives have become more and more introduced into everyday life. This article will cover the basic nuances of setting up SSD drives for optimal performance with Windows. For those who think that you can just put an SSD, and then install Windows 8 on it and I will not give any problems useful tips for productive work.

A little theory in a nutshell. For those who do not know what it is SSD solid state drives, I recommend reading in wikipedia. With the help of an SSD, you can several times increase the download speed and operation of programs and the system when installed on SSD windows(as is usually done in our time).

Why do I need to configure Windows 8 to work on ssd?

Ssd drives have a certain amount of cycles of data rewriting, upon reaching which the drive is no longer detected by the system. The main task is to reduce the number of rewrites as efficiently as possible. And Windows is very fond of constantly writing and overwriting something in the cache and temporary folders.

Windows 8 AHCI SATA Mode and Trim Function Support

The Trim function is specially designed for Windows work 8 with ssd drives. This function marks no longer used data blocks on the ssd. These blocks are gradually overwritten, and do not accumulate as on ordinary hard drives and do not wait for defragmentation.
For correct work SSD in Windows 8 requires mode AHCI SATA.
To check if AHCI is enabled for the SATA controller, you need to make sure in the device manager that in the IDE ATA / ATAPI controllers section there is a controller named AHCI. If there is such a controller, then the system is operating in AHCI mode.

This mode of operation is enabled in the BIOS.

Attention!!! DO NOT switch to AHCI work controller on a computer with an installed operating system !!!
Then it simply will not start.

fsutil behavior query DisableDeleteNotify

DisableDeleteNotify = 0 - TRIM command support is enabled
DisableDeleteNotify = 1 - TRIM function is disabled.

You can enable TRIM in Windows 8 using the command:

fsutil behavior set DisableDeleteNotify 0

The Windows operating system is designed to work optimally on almost all types of hardware. Therefore, by default in Windows 8, several functions always work, which are designed mainly for simple hard drives... It is a disk indexing feature and a service search windows... They are designed to speed up working with files, but on SSD speed the response is high and there is no sense from these functions.

Disable the disk indexing feature in Windows 8

This function is needed to constantly monitor the file tree on the disk. Indexing constantly creates index files, and these are extra cycles of rewriting data on ssd.
To disable the indexing function of an SSD drive, you must uncheck the "Allow indexing the contents of files on this drive" or "Allow files to have contents indexed in addition to file properties" checkbox in the ssd properties

In order to open the properties of the ssd disk, in “my computer”, right-click on ssd partition(usually Drive C) and select "properties".

Disable Windows 8 Search Service

This service creates another tree of files that are on disk to increase the speed of file searches. This tree weighs 10% of the total occupied space of the hard drive. Since the SSD is fast, you should disable this feature. In addition, these are unnecessary rewriting cycles due to a saved photo or an open new site in the browser.
To disable the windows 8 search function, you must:
- Open “service management” (control panel - administration - services or services.msc in the command line).
- Then find “Windows Search” in the list.
- Double click on it.
- Press the Stop button.
- In the item “Startup type” select “Disabled”.

Disable the swap file correctly

The paging file is reserved windows disk space (in our case, SSD), which, as it were, replaces RAM with its lack. This is usually ten percent of the volume. logical drive... In the paging file, the logs are always updated, and these are unnecessary data rewrite cycles.
Use Windows on SSD is better only with a large amount of RAM (from 4 GB and above). With large amounts of RAM installed, the paging file is in principle not needed, since the physical memory can cope with the work of the system. In addition, the response of the RAM is much faster than that of the hard drive.
To disable the Windows 8 paging file you need:
- in the folder "my computer" open the window "system properties"
- select the "advanced" tab, on it, in the "performance" section, press the "parameters" button
- in the "performance parameters" window that opens, select the "advanced" tab
- on it in the section “ virtual memory"Click the" change "button
- in the "virtual memory" window that opens, uncheck the "automatically determine the volume ..."
- put a tick “without swap file”
At first glance, there are many actions, but this is done in a maximum of 2 minutes.

Hibernation function intended for quick recovery system operation after inactivity. Ie windows 8 falls asleep - goes into hibernation - saves all contents to the hard drive and disconnects power from the RAM. When you exit hibernation, the data is transferred back to RAM. That is, there is a write cycle on the SSD drive (in our case).
Exit from hibernation in windows 8 on an SSD is no faster than the full startup of the operating system, so this mode can be safely disabled.
To turn off hibernation mode in windows 8, you must:
- execute the command

powercfg -h of f

How to disable Prefetch and Superfetch in windows 8

Prefetch and Superfetch in windows 8 are components that are designed to speed up the loading of data and applications. These services cache frequently used programs and data, thereby speeding up the launch of these programs. Since an SSD drive is much faster than usual hard disk, the need for the Prefetch and Superfetch functions in windows 8 on ssd is eliminated. By disabling them, we save space in memory and get rid of unnecessary overwriting operations on the SSD.
Windows 8 should automatically disable these services when running on ssd. But often this does not happen. Therefore, you need to check if they are disabled.
To check and / or disable the Prefetch and Superfetch functions in windows 8, you need to:
- open the editor with a command regedit.exe
- go to the section

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ SYSTEM \ CurrentControlSet \ Control \ Session Manager \ Memory Management \ PrefetchParameters

- check the values ​​of the keys: EnableSuperfetch = 0, EnablePrefetcher = 0
- if the values ​​are not 0, change them to 0 and reboot

Defragmenting an ssd drive in windows 8

In Windows 8, when using an SSD drive, unlike Windows 7, you do not need to disable defragmentation for SSDs! In Windows 8, the Storage Optimizer (Disk Maintenance Utility) automatically detects the drive type. If the SSD is detected by the program, it is not executed.

Sysadmin(he's on English language sysadmin, system administrator) - the abbreviated name of the profession, the full name of which in Russian sounds like System Administrator... This profession in Lately has become very popular for the majority of young, and not very, people, it is taught, they work on it, they get good money for it. This is due to the rapid development of various computer technology and their penetration into all spheres of human life. The word sysadmin is often used in colloquial speech, in vacancies and resumes when looking for a job, in a word - everywhere. Below we will talk about what the profession is. system administrator.

In modern realities, a system administrator can be called virtually any person who is engaged in the maintenance and support of the work of a certain computer network, including all its hardware and / or software components, which may include:

• Personal computers, both workstations and servers;
• Network equipment such as switches, routers, firewalls, and more;
• Web servers, mail servers, database servers, and others.

Also, in certain cases, the responsibilities of ensuring proper information security may fall on the shoulders of the system administrator.

Depending on his specialization, the system administrator can engage in the following activities:

• The administrator of workstations and servers most often repairs both hardware (failed motherboards, burned out power supplies) and software (Windows does not load, commas are not printed in Word "e ...).
• Administrator corporate network domain based Active Directory... A very popular activity, given the prevalence of Windows operating systems, as well as the need to somehow centrally control them. Such a specialist should be able to create, distribute into groups, edit users, give them the appropriate rights in the AD domain, and also be able to manage group policies for users, their computers and the groups they all belong to.
• Administration of networks and network equipment. His responsibilities include knowledge of network topology, the ability to work with both non-configurable and customizable network equipment planning local computer network, as well as the possibility of combining several workstations remote from each other into one network, by setting up NAT "s and VPN" s. Do not also forget about access control within this network, and outside of it - setting up a proxy.
• A web server administrator who should at least be able to install, configure and maintain one of the following web servers - Apache, IIS, Nginx, monitor hosting (which can be located both inside the organization's network and outside it). In addition, a good administrator should be able to configure normal distribution resources at high loads, clustering and many other specific things.
• Administration mail server It is also a common task for a system administrator, his tasks include working with such popular solutions as Exim, Microsoft Exchange, Postfix, Sendmail, or corporate mail solutions from Google or, for example, Yandex. In addition to the obvious control over accounts (creating, deleting, configuring), it is also imperative to be able to configure the antispam system and so on.
• Site administrator. These responsibilities may include just some kind of filling with the content of the site, but once it comes about a system administrator, then in theory he should be able to set up hosting (including a web server, as mentioned above), install and configure the desired site, for example, any content management system (CMS).
• Very rarely, the task of creating or maintaining a video surveillance system can fall under the responsibilities of a system administrator. The tasks include installing and configuring cameras, responding to various events, saving and playing back recordings. Relates to system administration weakly, and often falls into his duties concurrently with some other duties.

Outside of the system administrator's activities described above, there were such possible things as database administration (Microsoft SQL, MySQL and its multiple branches, Oracle, etc.), 1C administration (not to be confused with "1C programmer"), PBX and much more ...

The rapid rise in popularity of solid state drives has led many personal computer users to choose to port Windows 8 to SSDs. But how exactly this can be done is a rather broad question.

Subtleties of the process

First of all, it is worth mentioning that transferring Windows 8 from HDD to SSD is not just one procedure, but a whole range of different actions. Therefore, before you start, you need to think about whether you can handle everything required. Regardless of which method will be used to transfer data, you will have to:

• Disassemble the system unit of a personal computer or, which is somewhat more difficult, a laptop.
• Work with regular or UEFI BIOS.
• To produce physical connection or replacing one storage device with another.
• In some cases, you will need to use USB-SATA adapters.

Not every even more or less experienced user will be able to do everything necessary, not to mention beginners and inexperienced users. Based on all of the above, you should carefully think about whether to take it on yourself or migrating Windows 8 to an SSD will require contacting a service center.

The type of device is also of great importance: a personal computer or laptop. A priori, working with a laptop will be both somewhat more difficult and sometimes much easier at the same time. So, depending on the manufacturer and design, in one case, you can unscrew only two screws and use the proprietary utility, and in the other, you will need to disassemble the entire device and fiddle with data transfer for a long time third party applications or a system utility.

Methodology

Cloning a Windows 8 hard drive has several fundamentally different patterns. Which one is simpler is decided by the one who planned to carry out such an operation. In general, the choice of the algorithm depends on the available means of the device owner, and how software, and purely physical.

This section will outline everything that concerns the non-software component, and in the next one you will find exclusively a description of applications and the subtleties of working with them.

So, the possible algorithms are:

Of course, when choosing any of the above sequences of actions, you will need to disassemble the existing computer, since even after connecting with an adapter, the solid-state device will need to be installed in place of the old HDD.

Depending on the type of algorithm chosen, some steps may simply be missing, which, in turn, will affect the subsequent BIOS setup. In some cases, it may simply be absent, for example, if the first pattern was used, but provided that the SSD is installed first, the laptop is started, and then the HDD will be added.

Both additional mountings and special adapters may be required to work with personal computer.

The software side

There are a sufficient number of ways by which you can transfer absolutely all information from one storage device to another: from simple disk cloning to manual transfer using command line... The most difficult ones in implementation will not be considered here, since just mentioning all the stages will take the reader a lot of time.

Here 2 will be considered:

• Through proprietary applications.
• Utilities from third-party developers.

Branded applications

Almost every laptop manufacturer tries to add applications of its own design. The degree of their quality and ease of use varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, and sometimes only in some specific separate lines or models.

Samsung, ASUS, ACER, Lenovo, HP, Packard Bell, Dell, and IBM add tweaking and comfortable work with a personal computer. In the name the desired program the word Recovery often appears. You can find it both in "All applications" and using "Search".

We find, run and look for a column, item or block where "Disk cloning" or "Operating system migration" appears.

After that, it will be sequentially prompted:

1. The original storage device.
2. Target disk.
3. Transfer form:
   • Full movement.
   • Partial with the ability to select one or more sections, as well as specific folders and files for transfer.
4. Additional settings.

In some cases, the order can be changed, but the required steps are exactly that.

Extraneous programs

Their choice is very large, and there are both specialized and general. Specialized utilities include Paragon Migrate OS to SSD or Samsung Data Migration.

Also, some storage and image storage applications have built-in tools that allow you to clone both system images and the entire disk.

Even novice users know why it is worth transferring an operating system from HDD to SSD. Nevertheless, such computer optimization for many remains an unfulfilled dream. Why? Perhaps, simply because the methods proposed by system specialists are often described so vaguely and vaguely that after reading them you want to take a hammer and break your computer. But this is unlikely the best solution, agree! Do you want to know how to transfer your favorite Windows 8 to SSD without much difficulty? Then listen carefully!

Method number 1: Installing OS on SSD via Recovery program

The most commonplace and at the same time efficient way transfer all system data from HDD to SSD in Windows 8 is to use the tools built into the system Recovery utilities... It's very simple to start it: simultaneously press on the keyboard and Q, type in the name of the program into the search and double-click the left mouse button on the result found. As a result, such a window will appear before your eyes:


In it, we look for the "Disk copy" tab in the lower left corner and click on it with the mouse after connecting our SSD to the computer using a SATA-USB cable. As a result, a new window will appear on the screen, where information about the HDD (source) and SSD (target) will be displayed:


What do we need? Find the "Disk recovery point" section, select "Restore disk to factory settings" and click the button at the bottom of the "Copy disk" window. After that, Windows 8 will restart automatically in system recovery mode.

Note that with the help of such a process, the transfer, installation and breakdown of data from HDD to the SSD drive. This process can take a lot of time: from 45 minutes to 1.5 hours. Therefore, after the process has begun, you can safely go to the kitchen for breakfast, lunch or dinner (whatever is ripe for you there). After the data transfer has been successfully completed, we turn off our PC, replace our old drive with a new one, restart the computer and work on Windows 8 already with an SSD. What could be easier?

Method number 2: Transferring data from HDD to SSD using the Aomei program

If the Recovery utility is not installed and working on the computer, transfer data to Windows 8 to HDD SSD is possible through the Aomei program. Note that this program is paid, but the developers provide users with the opportunity to get acquainted with its work in trial period... What do you need? Nothing special. Just download and install it on your computer with Windows 8. This process, as heavy as a blue whale, will take as much as a few minutes, no more.

After the installation is complete, connect the SSD and open Aomei program... This window will appear:


In it we find in the list the hard disk we need, point the mouse cursor over it and click on it with the right mouse button. In the list, we find the item "Deleting sections" and click on it with the left mouse button:


As a result, all data on the disk will be deleted, and it will be ready for porting Windows 8. After that, find in the window on the left the tab "Transfer ..." and click on it with the left mouse button:


A welcome window should appear, which will notify you that the configuration and data transfer from one disk to another is starting. Without hesitation (what is there to think about?), Click the "Next" button:


After that, the installation wizard will prompt you to select the disk to which the transfer will be performed Windows information 8 from HDD:


To select a disk, just hover over it and click once with the left mouse button. After that we press the button "Next" and in a new window "Finish". As a result of such actions, the computer is sent to reboot and automatically starts transferring information from the disk to the hard disk of your choice:


This process lasts a little: well, about 1 hour. What does a lot mean? For the sake of such a thing, even 3 hours can be tolerated, isn't it? In any case, after the transfer of materials from disk to disk is carried out, the computer will reboot, and we seize the moment and enter the Bios. What we need here is to configure the computer to start with new tough disk. After that, your favorite PC with Windows 8 installed on it will reboot and be ready to plow like an ox from a brand new SSD. Quite a simple installation, right?

Method number 3: We transfer information from the HDD using the Paragon Home Expert program

A process such as optimizing Windows 8 by copying data to an SSD can also be done through Paragon. She, like the Aomei program, on this moment paid, but by registering on the official website, you can test it absolutely free for 30 days. During this time, you must admit, not only transferring data from Windows 8, but moving mountains if you wish is real.

What we need? Nothing at all. Download this program from the official website, install it on your adorable PC under Windows control 8 and get to work. However, first, take care to connect your SSD to your computer. After this is done, we launch the almighty Paragon and immediately (why wait?) We find among the tabs on the left the one called "Copy and Migration":


To copy our beloved Windows 8 to the SSD, select the corresponding tab in the new window. To do this, simply click on it with the mouse:


After that, wait for the welcome window from the great sensei, that is, the Master of Migration. Carefully read the information so that the installation goes smoothly and then there are no incidents:


Have you read it? That's all right! Well then hold on setting! We are going! And for this we press the "Next" button and the Wizard, so why the Migration guru will find the SSD you previously connected. You didn't forget to connect it, did you? In this case, put a tick in front of the "Use all ..." item and press the "Copy" button:


With the help of such a program, data is copied very quickly, no more than 30 minutes, and besides, without restart windows 8:


At the moment when the installation of the operating system is completed, a new window will appear on the screen:


We read everything that is written in it very carefully, so that after the described process can be repeated. System setup is a delicate matter, remember that! In short, what we do next is how: press the "Close" button, restart the PC, enter the BIOS and make our SSD drive the first in the boot list. Dot.