Minimum processor clock frequency. What is the clock frequency of the processor (CPU)? How to find out the technical parameters of the laptop

For synchronization and coordination of work various deviceshaving different speeds used clock frequency. Any command is performed for one or more cycles (clocks), and the pulse alternation rate (frequency) sets the rhythm of the operation of all components of the system and largely determines the speed of work. The source of the clock frequency is a separate block - the generator, which represents the more pulses in one second supplies the generator, the faster the computing operations occur, the faster the computer works. That is how until recently it was, but with the invention of multi-core processors, the situation has changed somewhat. So, the clock frequency is the number of pulses per second, which synchronize the operation of the computer.

Today, the performance of the computer has an impact of not only the clock frequency, and the volume of the cache, the number of cores, the speed of the video card and the processor architecture. For example, modern have a relatively low clock frequency, and they work much faster. This is achieved by software separation of computing operations between this way, the operation at a lower processing rate is performed faster - increases after the emergence of multi-core processors, the increase in clock frequency has become not so relevant. Today, the speed of the computer, along with this parameter, is determined by the number of cores and data in other parts of the system.

In the process of manufacturing, processors are tested in various modes, at various temperatures and pressure. As a result of tests, the maximum working clock frequency is determined, which is on the marking. But this is not the greatest value, there is such a concept as the processor acceleration, in which the clock frequency increases much.

Production of multi-core processors solved another problem: reducing the temperature of the processor. With an increase in the clock frequency, the heat release of the processor increased, which led to overheating and malfunctions. Multi-core processors made it possible to increase the speed at low frequencies. Many of the modern models for incomplete loading can temporarily reduce the clock frequency, reducing power consumption and heat release. During this time, the processor has time to cool, which leads to a decrease in fan revolutions, a decrease and a decrease in noise (at high speeds, the fans "sound" quite loudly).

For no less role, the clock frequency of the video card is played. There is a direct dependence - the higher this parameter, the faster is coming Drawing ready-made pixels and selection of textural data. But it does not make sense to install a high-speed video card and have a low-speed processor and a small volume. The parameters of all these devices must be balanced. Only in this case the computer will work with high speed and without failures.

Nowadays, to keep up with computer technology is very difficult, since their development occurs very quickly. You will not notice how the computer seemed to be recently acquired and not yet used half of my resources already morally outdated. Accordingly, computer performance drops and system requirements No longer correspond to modern games and software products.

How to act, do in such cases? Create a new system unit or will it sufficient to replace part of the parts?

You will not find a specific answer to this question, as each case is individual. Somewhere enough to change the pair of components, and somewhere to move the entire block, which is equal to the acquisition of a new one.

To begin with, determine the "weak link". It is very important to do it right, because your costs depend on it. Most likely, his replacement and will affect the characteristics of your computer, will increase its performance and more or less closer to the modern level.

Choosing a suitable processor

Most often updated the personal computer starts with replacing the central processor. The view is a small microcircuit that contains a million transistors, is attached to the motherboard connector, called socket. This device plays a very important role. The performance of the processor depends on the performance of the entire system, since it, first of all, is responsible for analyzing data, the speed of their processing.

Replacing the central processor is a responsible step, and, before it decreases, think about everything well. Examine in detail the characteristics on which processors differ. Pay special attention to the motherboard connector where the processor is inserted. It is intended only for a specific type of processor. Updating your personal computer by replacing the processor, read the instructions for the motherboard; It should describe the modifications that it supports. The consultation with a specialist will not prevent.

The main characteristics of the processor

After you have identified the type of processor, pay attention to the number of basic characteristics responsible for performance. These include the number of cores, clock frequency, cache size, tire frequency and other indicators.

Let's analyze these parameters in detail.

Today number of processor nuclei It may vary from two to eight. Accordingly, the more nuclei, the better the performance of the entire system. With equal other parameters and conditions, the processor with a smaller number of kernels will always give up.

Such a parameter as clock frequency It affects the speed indicator with which the processor computing operations are performed. The unit of measurement is Hertz (Hz). The greater the clock frequency indicator, the more powerful processor. The average value of this parameter for desktop personal computers is between 2 to 4 gigahertz. For laptops, processors with a smaller clock frequency indicator are used, ranging from 1.2 gigahertz. They are not so powerful, but more mobile. You can view the current clock frequency value in the computer's control panel by entering the System tab.

An important element is system tire. It serves to communicate the processor with the North Bridge, that is, in fact, it is a channel for transmitting information to the processor and back. The system tire frequency indicator affects the exchange of information between the processor and various nodes of the personal computer: motherboard devices, RAM, video processor and others. Than more frequencyHowever, with a larger speed, data is transmitted. Unit of measurement - megahertz (MHz). Accordingly, the priority are those processors that support the highest frequency indicator, usually about 1333 megaggers and above.

Determining with the characteristics of the processor, it is important to know a type random access memory installed on your computer. There is DDR2, DDR3. This parameter is important for the reason that to achieve maximum performance motherboard Also must support the value of the clock frequency of RAM. If you have a RAM, for example, DDR2 with a bus frequency support in 1066 megaghertz, and the motherboard perceives memory only with a maximum frequency of 800 megaggers, then transmitting data to RAM and back will be made at the frequency of the motherboard.

Next parameter - cache Central Processor. We are required to temporarily storing key software data. Unit of measurement - kilobyte (CB) and megabytes (MB). The amount of information that may fit in it, respectively, the longer the time, the less time is required to transport data from RAM. This indicator directly affects the performance of the computer. Simply put, cache increases the personal memory of the processor, thereby reducing the number of appeals to system Memory. When choosing a new processor, check the volume of its cache (at all levels) from the consultant.

The price range of processors is quite extensive. Value price It depends on both the characteristics and the manufacturer's company.

But it is not always to be carried away by the process of finding the highest frequency and cache values. Soberly appreciate the goals for which you upgrade your computer. It will help you save, because for standard office programs And the Internet works are quite average performance indicators. If we are talking about computer Games last generation or about working with graphic applicationsHere, the processor with the maximum values \u200b\u200bof the clock frequency, the frequency of the system tire, three-level cache is already required.

So, you decided on the goals, picked up the processor with necessary characteristics. Do not hurry to buy it! Once again we remind you to check with a consultant or on the manufacturer's website, whether it will suit the connector to your motherboard and whether their joint work will be correct. Often it is necessary to update Bios.

Do not forget when upgrading a computer, take into account its overall configuration, because best performance It is achieved from the system, and not a separate part. For example, you purchased enough powerful processorBut you will not achieve the desired results, having a small amount of RAM, weak network or video card, and vice versa. Therefore, think about whether you achieve high data processing speeds by purchasing an expensive processor or rational simply replace the old system unit to modern.

Preparing to replace the processor

If you analyze the characteristics of your computer, you came to the conclusion of the processor's change, seriously reacted to his selection and took into account all the necessary nuances, you can go to the next stage.

To begin with, you need to de-energize the system unit, that is, it turns off it from the outlet. Next, neatly "sit apart", removing both covers, you may need a screwdriver for this. Surely this procedure Previously, you did not do, so the first thing that rushes to the eye is - great amount dust. It is necessary to get rid of it with a wet rag or vacuum cleaner.

Carefully examine your new processor and everything that is attached to it. Usually, the standard BOX equipment includes, in addition to the processor, the factory cooling system. It belongs to the radiator and cooler (fan). It is very convenient, as the details are selected by the manufacturer for maximum cooling.

By purchasing a processor in OEM configuration, you will save 300-400 rubles, but additional costs for cooling immediately appear, and there can be problems with the installation. Do not fix the cooling system from the old processor to the new processor. Replacing the fan is necessary, even if the age of its predecessor is less than a year. It will also have to fork out on the thermal chaser necessary to treat the surface of the radiator for the purpose of its safe operation. In any case, the cooling system is an integral part, because it will increase the performance of the processor.

Well, now you are ready to install a new processor, however, we have not yet got rid of the old. First estimate the workspace. To ensure better visibility and accessibility to detail, disconnect the central fan, the video card and the loops, if there is a need for it. Next, remove the radiator from the motherboard fasteners, get rid of the old cooler. The processor is released. Gently remove it from the socket. The procedure for getting rid of dust must be repeated, but now it is for the connector that uses a soft brush or purge mechanism.

Processor replacement sequence

The preparatory stage is passed, proceed directly to the installation. Free the new processor from protective packaging. Do not rush to the faster to "stick" it into the connector, it is important here to combine pointers. Carefully look around, and you will notice the label in the processor that you want to combine with a label with on the connector. Otherwise, damage to the legs of the processor is possible, and sometimes the complete death of the device. If you are afraid to take such responsibility, call the masters, it is, of course, again costs, but there is a guarantee. After installing the central processor in the connector, do not forget to close the slot locks.

If the kit purchased you purchased is a radiator, then the surface of the wall of contact with the processor is already processed by the thermal storage. If the radiator was acquired separately, the procedure for applying the thermal paste will have to do on their own, in order to take care of its presence.

Once the processor is installed and fixed in the connector, go to the installation of the radiator and the cooler.

Having defined all components system Block In its place, connect them. Screw or snap earlier removed covers System block, turn it on. If necessary, update bIOS settings. Congratulations, your computer is updated!

In order to select a laptop correctly, you need to determine how this device will be used. The fact is that exactly what software you plan to run on it, determines which model you need to choose. If you do not analyze it in advance, then you may face either the fact that the possibilities of the laptop will be disastrously missing, and you will not be able to use it in its intended purpose. You also risk overpaying a large amount for the functions that you do not need at all.

How to find out the technical parameters of the laptop

The defining parameters of the laptop are its technical characteristics. You can find them in those passport of a device that can be asked for consultants in the store. You can also learn necessary information From a special booklet placed near the price tag. In online stores, this information is located in the description of each model.

Type and processor frequency

The processor is the main component of any device that determines the speed of its operation and its power consumption. The main manufacturers in the PC market are well-known companies intel and AMD. Intel processors are more expensive, but their products often turn out to be a real technological breakthrough in IT technology.

AMD processors are positioned as inexpensive and economical solution. This manufacturer in the fight for the market is committed to maintaining performance, comparable to Intel products, and low cost. Currently, the improvement in the speed of processors is on the way to increase the number of cores, as well as the optimization of their interaction.

The most common in laptops and netbooks are currently single and dual-core processors. However B. lately It is becoming increasingly popular with six and eight nuclear architectures, which once installed only in desktop PCs.

Number of processor nuclei

The main technical parameters of the processor are the number of cores, the clock frequency, the amount of cache, the tire frequency. Some time ago, an increase in processor performance was achieved by manufacturers with only an increase in the clock frequency, which led to overheating. As a result, the developers were forced to look for a new way to increase the power of devices, the solution was the use of several cores, which made it possible to increase the performance of the system, performing several programs of programs at the same time.

The advantages of multi-core processors are largely due to the used software. Old applications that are not designed for multi-core use additional nuclei very limited, so when working with old programs, the performance of single-core processors can be higher. Modern applications are designed to use in devices with multi-core processors, and operating systems automatically distribute the load between the cores.

Technical characteristics of the processor

The CPU clock frequency is how quickly the processor will perform certain calculations. This value is measured in Gigarents and directly affects it. computing power. Currently, when all new processor models are multi-core, clock frequency is not a basic performance characteristic.

Cache memory - over fast memorywhose volume ranges from 1 to 8 MB. Located on a processor crystal. The large amount of cache memory is required to speed up video editing programs, games and movie views.

The system bus frequency is the number of clocks per second, which makes the system tire and the main channel required to exchange data between the RAM processor and other devices.

RAM

When choosing a laptop, it is very important not to make a very common mistake that many inexperienced users make. This misconception is due to the fact that many consider RAM by the main characteristic that determines the speed of the computer.

In fact, the RAM cannot improve the speed of operations with a computer if the rest of the components do not allow this to do. For example, a powerful multi-core processor will be practically useless if you install it in a device with 512 MB of RAM, while resource-intensive applications that are required by 4 GB RAM will not be able to work on a weak processor.

In addition, note that the RAM is that characteristic that can be increased, while the processor and motherboard cannot be replaced. therefore good decision maybe the acquisition, for example, a laptop 2 GB of RAM, but with motherboardallowing you to increase it up to 16 gigabytes.

Note that it is not necessary to acquire a laptop with RAM more than 4 GB if you are going to install 32-bit Windows XP on it and Windows Vista.Since these operating systems simply will not "see" a greater amount of memory.

Hard disk volume

Currently there are two types hard disksdifferent from each other by technology internal drives - HDD and SDD. Hard magnetic The disk (HDD) is the most common. Such discs are cheaper, but have a number of other flaws. Due to the fact that all the information on them is stored in the form of magnetized cells and is read by a special mobile head, the devices are very easily damaged as a result of drops or effects on them magnetic fields.

Solid state drives (SSD) are based on flash memory technology. The same technology can be seen in USB flash drives. They are faster, racks to shocks, as well as absolutely silent due to the lack of moving parts. Installation operating system A solid drive will enable the device in a few seconds. Maximum SSD volume on this moment Infridate HDD: 2 TB against 512 GB.

Currently, the largest manufacturers of graphic controllers on the market are NVIDIA and AMD. These manufacturers constantly compete for leadership, so the question of choosing video card NVIDIA or AMD is incorrect. Each of the companies periodically offers users new functional and productive products. Therefore, for comparison, it is necessary to analyze devices related to specific families of video cards.

If you are going to use a laptop to run on it modern 3D games, noticeably pay attention to the video card (type of graphics controller) device. Currently, two types of graphic controllers can be found in laptops: built-in when the controller is built into the processor, discrete when the controller is a separate device. Some devices have both built-in, and discrete controllers at once.

The main characteristics of video cards

Integrated in system fee The video card computer uses the resources of the central processor and RAM to process graphics. Such a controller is much less powerful, compared to external, but it is much less. If you are not going to use a laptop for 3D games, edit photo and video, and also want to save at its cost, the built-in graphic controller is your choice. The built-in video card is completely coping with the output of non-resource-intensive games and even allows you to watch HD movies. It also allows you to run old games where 3D graphics were not used.

Discrete graphic system Characterized by the presence of your own processor, designed specifically for output graphic information. In addition, it has a separate RAM (video memory). Discrete memory is much more expensive and more powerful built-in.

Weight and dimensions of the device

Depending on how you are going to use a laptop, you need to pay attention to its mass and sizes. If you are often traveling and planning to take the device at your trips, then for you an important point It will be how convenient to carry a laptop with you.

However, for the sake of more comfortable transportation, you will have to sacrifice the power of the device. W. small deviceintended for constantly transportation, the screen diagonal does not exceed 15 inches, weight less than 2 kilograms, a matte surface that is difficult to scratch. For particularly frequent trips, where you do not plan to run games and resource-intensive applications, it will be much more profitable to purchase a netbook or even tablet.

If you plan to use a laptop exclusively at home, then you should focus on specifications Devices, as its weight and dimensions will not play much importance for you.

Battery power and battery life

If you plan to use a laptop in trains and train, where no power outlets are missing, you just need to choose a model operating without recharging the maximum time.

When choosing a laptop in time autonomous work It is necessary to carefully analyze all available information. Often, the technical parameters declared by the manufacturer do not completely coincide with the test results. Therefore, if the battery life of the device is very an important characteristic Devices, read independent laptop reviews in computer logs. Moreover, useful information You can learn on specialized forums.

How to increase the duration of the battery life of the laptop

The duration of work without recharging is influenced by several parameters: processor power, battery capacity, battery capacity, display brightness, performance, use of additional devices. There are several ways to increase the duration of the device, but all of them are associated with various restrictions (decrease in the brightness of the display, refusal to work with resource-intensive applications, shutdown network card or wireless adapters, etc.). But the easiest way to increase the duration of the laptop is the acquisition of a spare battery, which can be simply carried with you.

IN recent models Notebooks are used energy-saving intel technology Speed-Step and AMD PowerNow!, Which regulate the clock processor frequency.

Removable drives

Despite the widespread Internet and flash technologies, some information is still more convenient to store on CD and DVD discsThe advantage of which is low cost and the possibility of rewriting.

At the same time, many manufacturers refuse to use optical drivesSince this allows you to reduce the dimensions and weight of the device. Therefore, ultraportative computers, as a rule, are not equipped with drives. However, if you plan to constantly install new games on a laptop and watch movies without using DVD drive You can not do.

Operating system

As a rule, laptops are sold with operating systems pre-installed in them. The most common OS is currently the Windows: XP, Vista, 7 family systems that are enough for the needs of most users. However, these systems require a license and therefore increase the cost of a laptop, so if you have the opportunity to purchase at a lower laptop price with similar technical parameters, but inappropriate to you by the operating system, you can safely buy it, and you can deliver the right OS yourself.

Apple laptops are supplied with branded operating mAC system OS and a set of all applications required for operation. In this case, you do not have to reinstall anything. Most often, users refuse systems based on Linux / UNIX, which require greater qualifications, are not suitable for launching games, as well as a number of other applications.

Processor (CPU or CPU) is a central link of almost every modern device. It is able to simultaneously implement any calculations and execute commands of various programs. Mostly, the CPU depends on how fast the computer or laptop will be produced. It is his choice that gives further direction to the process of selection of other components.

Select a processor for a computer or laptop it's not a difficult thing. First you need to decide on the goals for which it is purchased. After, you need to understand the basic parameters of its central "brain".

Types of AMD, Intel processor sockets and system tire frequency

Socket is a processing jack for connecting to a motherboard (see photo). Today, most motherboards are manufactured either for the Intel brand CPU, or for AMD. It is important to know that the CPU of these brands is not interchangeable - their sockets differ in both form and electrically.

By type of connector, they are divided into classes. Each such class consists of models with sockets of the same form. In this case, it is possible to insert them into the same motherboard. The main thing is that its chipset possesses relevant support.

Also, when buying a CPU, for example, with the LGA1155 connector, the motherboard needs to be purchased with a similar socket. Over time, new connectors began to have everything large quantity Contacts, which led to a constant increase in the tire frequency - the speed of communication of the CPU with the motherboard. Thus, than the modern type of socket, the frequency of the tire is higher. It is as well as the clock frequency, measured in Hertz. The higher this value is the faster the information exchange process. It is best to choose a CPU with a tire frequency from 1.6 GHz and above.

At the time of writing the article, Intel has the most popular socket LGA1155. For more powerful servers with CPU i7 or Xeon, the LGA1366 connector is made. The latest development was the LGA2011 socket. It is used in some CPU Ivy Bridge.. Although the price of such CPU falls, but motherboards with such a connector are very expensive. There is no need to overpay for a slight increase in productivity.

AMD has compatible sockets of the "+" series. For example, the most chassis connectors am3 + are suitable for AM3. This allows you to expand the possibilities of improving the CPU. FM1 and FM2 sockets were designed for AMD Fusion CPU, which have the most powerful built-in graphics, an excellent solution for those who have no desire to spend cash on a discrete video card.

Processor clock frequency: Select for games and everyday tasks

Clock frequency is called the total number of actions that can perform cPU For one second. This characteristic is measured in Hertz (Hz). For example, a clock frequency of 1.8 GHz per second is a fulfillment of 1 billion 800 million operations. The higher this indicator, the faster the CPU works. Therefore, you should choose a CPU with a higher clock frequency.

For start office applications, comfortable video viewing in the resolution of Full HD and listening to music is quite enough power of a dual-core CPU with a frequency of about 1500-2000 MHz. For modern games and multimedia tasks, the clock frequency from 2000-2500 MHz is already required - 4-6 or 8-nuclear (according to the requirements of programs).

Please note the modern models from Intel are equipped with branded technology. Turbo Boost.. This is an automatic raising of the nominal frequency at the request of the operating system (see photo).

CPU Cache memory: Choose the required amount

Cash memory is a superpust memory of the CPU in which the data of the executable program is downloaded. The volume of the cache is more, the faster these data will be processed.

Currently there are 3 levels of cache:
L1 is the fastest memory, because it has the smallest size (8-128 Kb);
L2 - slower than L1, but more (128-12288 KB);
L3 - the slowest memory. It has the greatest size or may be completely absent (0-16384 KB). The latter is possible for specially executed processors or specific servers.

When choosing CPU Cache memory L3, it is necessary to calculate in such a way that each kernel has accounted for at least 1 MB. It should be considered the fact that in the characteristics it is fully indicated on the entire processor. Based on this, it is not necessary to purchase a 4-core CPU with a 3-level cache of less than 4 MB.

Number of processor cores: no longer better

The kernel (core) is called a small crystal size made of silicon. Its area is approximately 1 square centimeter. It contains the CPU implemented with the help of the smallest logical elements. At the moment, the CPU clock is no longer possible, since its value has reached the maximum value. Therefore, manufacturers moved to an increase in the number of cores.

The advantage of multi-core is particularly pronounced with the simultaneous launch of resource-intensive multitasking programs, but only those that are supported. Therefore, if the CPU has 4 nuclei, and running program Developed only under the use of 2, the remaining 2 will be not involved. In the opposite case, for example, the Ghost Recon optimized under the four cores demonstrate confident superiority over the dual-core mode (see photo).

Therefore, when choosing a CPU for everyday tasks, it is more important to rely on the number of nuclei, but on the indicator of its clock frequency and the volume of cache. However, when buying a computer or laptop for games it is better to purchase a modern four-core option.

CPU bit: 32 and 64 bits

The number of bits of information treated with CPU for one clock is characterized by bit. It may have a value of 8, 16, 32 and 64. Nowadays, all major programs are designed for the discharge of 32 or 64-bit architecture.

When choosing a computer or laptop, you should consider that 32 discharge systems Support RAM is not more than 3.75 GB. 64-bit allow us to transmit the amount of RAM more than 4 GB, which is necessary for modern applications, where 4 GB is already at least.

Graphic Code of Processor, Heat Education and Technology

In addition to some number of ordinary nuclei, the CPU may be additionally equipped with a core with the capabilities of graphic calculations. This significantly reduces the loading of an integrated graphics processor or discrete video card. Recently models with a graphics core are fully able to replace budget options Video cards. They support video in Full HD mode, as well as low-power games.

For desktop computers Intel has released similar hybrid models of the Clarkdale family, and for mobile - Arrandale. There is still a cheaper option - Lynnfield. Graphic solution companies in CPU Sandy Bridge. It was rather weak. It was significantly inferior to similar development of competitors - ARM or AMD Llano. Therefore, for the new CPU Ivy Bridge, the architecture of the graphics core was changed, which made it possible to improve its performance.

The heat dissipation is a parameter that determines how much the CPU is heated during operation, is called heat dissipation (TDP). Its unit of measurement is considered Watt. By the value of the heat dissipation, you can choose the corresponding cooling system. For example, if the TDP CPU is 75 W, then the cooler need to choose the same power, and better even somewhat higher.

For laptops and netbooks, heat generation should not exceed 45 W, because they have no possibility to use bulky cooling systems. This characteristic is also taken into account in cases when a more silent system is selected, a longer battery operating from the battery.

If you choose between the same models that have different heat generation, the one in which this value is less should be purchased.

A set of specific commands aimed at increasing the capacity of the CPU is called technology. For example, SSE4 technology includes 54 teams that improve the process of working with more serious programs. This includes 3-dimensional modeling, powerful games, as well as processing audio and video files.

If you plan to use the above programs, the selected Central CPU must support such technologies.

In conclusion: AMD and Intel - which processor is better

Intel models are preferable to AMD, because other internal components and some applications work more correctly with them, although the Intel is more expensive than AMD. Objectively, the choice of system on expensive devices is more justified intel database, and AMD is a good option for budget decisions.

Intel also releases the ATOM series processors with a reduced half-cache in comparison with Core, but ATOM has its advantages - it is less power consumption. According to testing testimony, when solving different species Tasks Different CPUs show different results: Some work faster in games, others in multimedia applications. Therefore, the choice is made on the basis of the owner's needs.

Employees of simple offices work with light text and graphic editorsAnd also carry out a small surfing on the Internet. For them, it is enough to stop your choice on the modern, and not very expensive series. This include the Pentium Dual-Core from Intel or Phenom II X2 (AMD).

For home use, which includes modern games and viewing high resolution video, a more productive 2-nuclear CPU will be required with the highest clock frequency. It can be Core i3 5xx, 6xx (Intel) or Phenom II x2 5xx (AMD).
When installing the most demanding toys, you need to choose a 4-core CPU higher price category, for example, Core i5 750 (Intel) or Phenom II x4 95x.

If programs designed for professional training 3D graphics or media applications are launched, they require a very large amount of data from them. For such purposes, it is recommended to choose a model at least with the 6th cores. Here will fit models Core i7 8xx, 9xx (Intel) or Phenom II x6 (AMD).

What is the processor clock frequency? What does this characteristic affect and what methods can it be increased? What is the maximum clock frequency of the processor? We will analyze these questions in the course of this article.

Concept of clock frequency

Processor clock frequency is one of the most important parameterscharacterizing a personal computer, as well as all other devices built according to its principle. That is, the processor's clock frequency is not only personal computers, but also laptops, netbooks, ultrabooks, tablet computers and smartphones.

Processor clock frequency is a parameter used to individual devices that make up computer system. Specificatively, we are talking about the processor. In fact, much of the processor depends on the clock frequency, but this is not the only part that affects the operation of the system.

So, to deal with the question of the clock frequency, first we deeper into word formation. What is "tact" and what does this word have to do with our occasion? Tact is nothing but a period of time, having a place between a repeating pulse. These impulses, in turn, are created by the device called the "Tact Generator". In fact, this is a chip, which is responsible for the formation of the clock frequency used by the motherboard and the processor itself. That is, the processor clock frequency is the frequency on which the device works.

Principle of operation of the SCH

The clock frequency generator creates pulses that are subsequently sent by device. They force the computer architecture, simply creating synchronization between individual elements. That is, the SC is a kind of "commander", which connects into one sequence working computer links. So, the more often the clock generator will create impulses, the better speed will be the computer / laptop / smartphone and so on.

It is logical to assume that if the clock generator is absent, the synchronization between the elements will not be. Consequently, the device will not be able to work. Let's assume that it's still somehow we managed to bring such a device to life. So what's next? All parts of the computer will work at their frequency at different times. And what as a result? And as a result, the speed of the computer is reduced in tens, hundreds, and even thousands of times. Does this device need someone? That is what the role of the clock frequency generator is.

What is the measurement of the clock frequency?

The clock frequency, according to international standards, is customary to be measured both in megahertz and in Gigahertz. Both types of measurements are true, rather, it's just a question external view Consoles and quantities of characters. Designations for two dimensions, respectively, the following: "MHz" and "GHz". We recall those who forgot, and tell those who did not know that 1 MHz is numerically equal to a million of the clocks committed within one second. And Gigaghertz - by 3 degrees more. That is, this is a thousand megahertz. Computer techologies Do not stand still, like all others. They can be said to be dynamically developing, so you can sound the assumption that the processor may appear in the near future, the clock frequency of which will not be measured in megahertz and not in Gigahertz, but in Terahegers. This is 3 more degrees more.

What does the clock frequency of the processor affect?

As you know, the computer, ranging from simple bills and ending with the latest games, performs some set of operations. Which, by the way, can be quite impressive. So, these operations are committed a certain amount of clocks. Consequently, the greater clock frequency will have a processor, the faster it will be able to cope with the tasks. And at the same time the performance increases, the calculations and downloading data in various applications are accelerated.

About maximum clock frequency

It is not a secret for anyone that before the release of the processor model, its prototype is tested into serial production. Moreover, tested with sufficient load to identify weak points and modify them somewhat.

Testing the processor is carried out with different clock frequency. In this case, other conditions are changed, such as pressure and temperature. What are tests for? They are organized not only to identify and eliminate faults and problems, but also in order to get a value called the maximum clock frequency. It is usually indicated in the device documentation, as well as in its marking. The maximum clock frequency is nothing but an ordinary clock frequency that the processor will have under standard conditions.

About the possibility of adjustment

In general, modern computer motherboards allow the user to change the clock frequency. Of course, this is done in a different range. Now the technologies allow processors to work at different frequencies depending on the choice. And this, I must say, it is important, since such a processor can synchronize its frequency with the frequency that the motherboard has, because the processor itself is set on it.

About increasing clock frequency

Of course, the maximum result can be achieved, simply acquiring a new processor having an increased clock frequency. However, this is not always possible financially, which means that the question of how to increase the clock frequency of the processor without the investment of additional funds in this case remains open.

Speaking in a nutshell, the processor acceleration is made not due to third-party programs. This, as in the case of acceleration of the video card, frank nonsense. In fact, improve the processor work, by setting the appropriate settings in the BIOS.

Conclusion

So, what did we find out during this article? First, the clock frequency of the processor is the frequency on which the device works. Secondly, the computers use a clock frequency generator that creates certain frequency, synchronizing the work of individual elements. Thirdly, the maximum frequency of the processor is called the frequency on which the processor works under normal conditions. Fourth, processor acceleration, that is, an increase in its clock frequency is possible by changing the settings in the BIOS.

Clock frequency intel processors, as well as processors of other brands, depends on the model.