Why the system block of the computer does not start. The computer does not turn on. Reasons what to do. The effects of physical impact

For a long time I was going to write a small article on the topic - the computer does not turn on what to do and how to be? This is one of the most frequently asked questions based on the repair of computers. I hear such a question at least a couple of times a week, each time I had to recognize the symptoms and only after that I advise something. I will try to describe how it can be described in more detail why the computer does not turn on and how to restore it on your own.

First you need to figure out what your computer does not turn on or does not turn on myself. system unit. Since I often have to hear in response to my question "What does a computer mean not turning on?", Something like "Well, the screen does not light up" or "Internet does not work" (although it may be related to the inclusion of the computer, I still understand I can not 🙂).

If you yourself cannot establish a problem with the enable on your computer. Quickly, professionally and qualitatively, diagnosis will be diagnosed and the problem is eliminated.

But first try on your own. To begin with, we will deal with often emerging problems, because of which your computer may not include.

1. Faulty computer power cord or defective 220V socket

This is the most frequent malfunction due to which the computer does not start. Cable although it has very resistant to environment Characteristics, often fails.

For example, a cable can be interrupted; because of bad contact, he can "burn" fork; Banal, cable can be bad stuck in the nest.

It is also necessary to check whether the socket is 140V. Especially if the power block plug is powered by a lot of socket extension. Separate sockets are often burned in the extension.

2. Defective monitor or monitor cable

The second frequency is the reason for the non-working computer - the monitor does not turn on, or the monitor cable is faulty. Very often mistakenly believe that the computer is broken when the monitor does not light up. But the monitor is just a device for displaying information, respectively, with a faulty monitor, the system unit itself can work normally.

Check the power cable (220V) of the monitor, as in the case of the system unit, and also check if the cable from the monitor to the system unit is stuck. If the monitor power indicator lights up and swings, it means the problem with the monitor power supply.

3. Faulty system unit power unit

The third reason, due to which your computer may not include - the power supply malfunction. This is one of the most capricious elements of the system unit.

Cheap power supplies, as well as power supplies, which work in an unstable electrical network fail.

In order to verify the performance of the power supply, open the system block cover, turn off all power supply cables from the motherboard and from the equipment (Winchester, DVD drive, etc.). On a wide connector with large quantity Wires, close green and black contacts (located nearby) for example, paper clip. If during the closure begins to spin the cooler of the power supply, it is most likely it is in good. If there is a multimeter, check output voltages.

4. Faulty motherboard

This is the most difficult diagnosed and difficult to repair part of the computer. If the monitor and power supply is in order, then the problem is most likely in the motherboard.

There is a lot of options because of which the computer is not loaded when the motherboard breaks, but I will not describe them in this article, since the article is designed for an inexperienced user. I will tell only what you can do with your own hands.

First of all, check if the LED lights up on the motherboard when power is applied to the system unit. If it comes on, it means not everything is lost.

The next step, check the bios battery, maybe it is completely discharged and because of this, the computer cannot start. If you can, buy a new one and replace, it is not expensive, about 150 rubles.

The next step, disconnect the RAM bar, wipe the contacts with a rubber schooltone and install them again into place.

If these methods did not help, it is better to give a system unit to repair to the service center.

5. When you turn on Windows

If, when you turn on the computer, a table with Latin characters appears on the screen (BIOS check), and after it does not load Windows, it means that the problem is not with the system unit, but with the operating system installed.

How to Carnat Try with boot disk, or reinstall the system again.

6. Clean the computer from dust!

I decided to remind the last point that the system unit should be cleaned not only outside, but also from the inside. Due to the accumulation of dust and web, the heat exchange between the elements of the computer is disturbed, which leads to overheating, and often to combustion component parts system unit.

It is necessary to make cleaning from dust, it is necessary at least once every six months, and in the case of the operation of the computer in warehouses and in other industrial premises, at least once every two months.

During cleaning the system unit from dust, you should remove the side cover of the system unit, turn off all the wires from the motherboard and removable elements (Winchester, DVD drive, etc.). After that, blow the housing of the system unit from the inside using a compressed air can (or with a compressor with low pressure). Inaccessible places Access with a soft pile with a brush.

These are the most common reasons for which the computer does not turn on. There is still a lot of different diagnoses and problems. If, after reading this article, you have questions, ready to help you in the comments.

Probably, it is not necessary to explain that the situation when the computer is not loaded, there are often enough. The reasons that led to this may be a reasonable amount. Now we will try to figure out why such situations arise and how to deal with them. Consider stationary computers, not laptops, although in some cases the problem solving methods can be very similar.

Causes of troubleshooting when loading

First of all, in the question of why the computer is not loaded, you need to understand that two main main reasons can be called: physical damage to the components computer system and software malfunction (in this case, Windows).

And those and others can cause serious malfunctions. Consider the most basic reasons for failures and will understand how to eliminate the consequences.

The effects of physical impact

As for damage to physical components, it is worth paying attention to the initial stage of the PC loading. Probably everyone knows that when turned on, the system unit makes a characteristic sound (disposable squeak). This suggests that all "iron" components are in order. True, it is not always the case. The fact is that the hard drive is determined only after the start (the system does not see it).

Sometimes the system speaker can publish short and long squeaks. That's already worse. Mean this can only one thing - any component does not work, failed or simply incorrectly connected to the motherboard. For different versions BIOS signals can be different. But they all may indicate violations in the work of RAM, video cards, central processor And so on. In some cases, the signal may be absent at all.

In this case, it is recommended to remove the panel of the system unit and check whether all the components are connected to the "motherboard". It may well be that the device does not work not because of failure, but because the corresponding loop is damaged. Naturally, it is not possible to determine such a malfunction possible, so you have to access specialists.

It is often observed and cases when and when you turn on the computer is not loaded. This may also be sufficient for this. It is very likely that there is simply no power supply. It is worth checking out the socket or "uninterrupter". Sometimes when turned on large number Electrical appliances to the extension can work protection and a lot more. You can check the battery that is installed on the motherboard. It may very well be that after it is replaced, the inclusion and download of the computer will go as your guy. Nobody pays attention to this, nevertheless the fact remains a fact.

In general, it is immediately necessary to check all cables, sockets, extension cables, etc. Maybe really the reason lies in this. Therefore, it turns out that nothing starts, nothing loads, the computer is black and does not give any signs of life.

Crash system

Of course, it is possible to replace the "iron", but with the most "Operation" it is much worse, because it clearly does not want to engage in reinstalling the system, formatting hard disk or partitions that will entail data loss.

The reasons for the "Fleet" of Windows can be called simply: sudden power off, incorrect shutdown or shutdown, failure in software, the presence of viruses, damage to the hard drive, etc. Listed can be infinity.

As for the physical damage to the hard drive, the degree of seriousness of the problem can be found only after complete testing of the surface and contacts. If he burned down, you know yourself, you will have to get out for a new one, nothing can be done here. If damage is insignificant, you can try to restore damaged sectors. This will be said somewhat later.

Basic methods of correction of the situation

As already understandable, in terms of failure of the "iron" when the computer is not loaded, the black screen hangs constantly, the system unit does not make any sound, the solution will be the full testing of all components. It is very possible that the reconnection or replacement of some of them will make clarity in solving the problem.

It is worth noting that in some cases where the system does not determine the hard drive, the most banal situation can occur. In the BIOS in the priority of the download, the first can be set, say, CD / DVD / ROM, the second USB drive device, etc. It is clear that when the media inserted this type of type, the system will display a message that this is not a system disk.

It also happens that the computer does not boot from the disk with the installation distribution of Windows. There will have to check the disk itself. It can very well be that there are some scratches or other damage. By the way, it may be, and the drive itself is damaged and simply does not work.

Now a few words about how to correct the situation when the computer does not load, Windows 7 does not start, and in general it seems that nothing can be done.

Immediately say: do not despair and panic. Bill Gates is not a stupid man. Creating its system, he left loopholes to restore the operability of "Oursers", and today there are quite a lot of methods that allow you to quickly and effectively apply the measures that can, so to speak, inhale into the system new life. Below will be described the most common problems and methods of their elimination from the point of view of the Windows software shell.

Loading the last successful configuration and system restore

As a rule, even after very serious mistakes in windows work 7, as they say, just so does not give up. When rebooting (if everything is in order with boot records), testing occurs, and then in most cases a message is issued possible options Downloads, including downloading the last successful configuration.

This is because the system seems to remember its last workable condition And he proposes to go to him, bypassing all changes made before. In 90% of cases it helps. However, it happens so that the computer does not load even subject to itself windows restorationAnd the user eventually receives a message that such configuration failed.

The same applies to the use of a system recovery that can be offered at the start of Windows. Sometimes it helps, sometimes not. In principle, both services are very similar. With this state of affairs will have to make more effective measures.

Safe mode

Many users, facing a problem, for example, when the computer is not loaded after updating Windows 7, clearly underestimate the benefits of a secure mode, and it allows you to access a well-work system and correct many program errors.

To download the secure mode after starting the system, you need to press and hold the F8 key. When the system is loaded, you can go to our problem. In this case, you can check all the "iron" components for the performance and availability of appropriate drivers, start checking the disk for errors, finally go to the system restoration.

System Restore

First of all, using the control panel, you must go to the "Archiving and Recovery" section. Access to it can also be obtained from the main menu "Start" in the "All Programs / Service" section. Here and you need to select a checkpoint (the last created or one of those that are present in the list) and run the process itself. This, of course, may take quite a lot, but if you do not want to reinstall, you have to suffer.

Now we assume that after updates, the computer is not loaded. In the same control panel, if you go to "Center windows updates»You can view the update log in which, in fact, it will be necessary to delete everything that was installed before the" collapse "of the system, without difference, these updates were installed automatically or in manual mode.

In many cases, this approach allows you to reanimate Windows without resorting to more serious methods, which will not be done on the shoulder.

Using the Recovery Console

If the method described above did not give results, you will have to use other methods. One of the most effective and radical techniques in the case when the computer is not loaded, you can call the use of the recovery console, which is available either on the installation or on the Windows 7 alarm disk.

To use such disks, naturally, the BIOS should make the appropriate boot priority settings by specifying the CD / DVD-ROM in the first list.

The boot menu will show the welcome screen "Welcome to Setup", after which it will be necessary to press the "R" key to move directly to the console ( command line). It is worth considering that if there is not one "Operation" installed on the computer, you will first show folders with files, and then the request will follow, with which system the user wants to work. Now you need to simply enter the number corresponding to the number of the selected system. Next, you can follow the request for entering the administrator password, provided that it is available. Now about the teams. What and how to enter and for what to use, we will now understand.

Restoring boot.ini boot file

As a rule, one of the reasons for the "departure" of the system is damage boot file Boot.ini responsible for loading the system. To restore it, almost all systems use a tool called BootCFG. In the command prompt, BootCFG / Rebuild is entered (not counting other tools to scan it records, redirect action, adding identifiers, etc.). It seems except the main recovery command, the ordinary user does not need anything else.

Restore the main boot record

The main boot record contains tables of all logical partitions of the hard drive. The so-called primary bootloader places the active and boot sector in the tables, after which, in fact, the system starts. If the boot record is damaged, the active sector simply will simply be able to start the system.

To restore, in this case, the FixMBr command is used, after which the composite disk name or partition is entered. In case of disk C, the command will be viewed FixMBr \\ Device \\ HardDisc0.

Restoring the hardware boot sector

The boot sector is a small section on the hard drive to store data in file systems FAT32 or NTFS for download. If it is damaged, the FixBoot \\ C Recovery command is used: (provided that the "Operation" was installed on the disk C).

Fast reinstalling system

Again, consider the situation when the computer does not load after updating Windows 7, and the starting system simply does not want to start. In the extreme case, you can apply the so-called fast reinstalling Systems in the same folder where the previous OS was installed. In some cases it can fix errors.

After starting the system from the disk, the License Agreement window will appear. You can agree with the conditions by clicking the F8 key, after which it will be proposed to select the installation method. Key "R" - Restoration existing version, ESC - Cancel recovery and transition to new Installation. In most cases, recovery passes without problems.

Check for viruses

Now a few words are more about one unfavorable situation, when the system does not start and the computer is not loaded. The black screen may be a consequence of spontaneous action of viruses that either prevent the system loading or change boot records.

In this case, it is recommended to use the Kaspersky Rescue Disc or Dr. type utilities. Web Rescue Disc. As already understandable, such programs start directly with optical diskBut what is the most interesting, loaded before Windows starts. They have graphic interfaceSo work with them does not cause much difficulty. It should be noted that in 99.99% of cases, such applications are removed even those viruses that are simply impossible to remove with the means of standard scanners installed in the system. After all, they can "hang" even in RAM. At the end of the verification, a computer terminal is rebooted, and, cheers, the system works again as if nothing has happened.

Conclusion

So we considered the question of what to do if the computer is not loaded. I think some of the solutions to this problem will be useful to many users. Of course, right away, with the summer, to say why a computer or "Operation" is not loaded, it is quite difficult. But if you spend complex test And find out the cause of problems, then you can choose the most acceptable method of correcting the situation.

Greetings, friends!

And you had this - you click on the power on the computer, and it turns on not immediately? You need to press several times - and only then you can work. Let's deal with why this happens.

The reason is the first. Faulty button

The first cause of the trivial is the power button on the front panel of the computer. When you click on the power button, it closes two contacts on the computer's motherboard. This pair of contacts can be marked as "PWR" (from "Power", power), "PWR ON", "ON / OFF" or just "ON".

It is easiest to open the system block housing and trace where two retained wires go from the power button.

Note that the wires from this button and other suites are not only so that everything looks neat. Swiss switches protects the inclusion circuit against interference.

You need to disconnect the connector with the wires leading to the power button and click (neatly!) These two contacts with a screwdriver with a narrow blade or tweezers. If the computer immediately turns on (repeat a couple of times to make sure), it means that it is in the button.

The cause is the third. Motherboard

Since you looked inside the computer, look carefully on his motherboard.

There may also be swollen capacitors.

They must be replaced with similar.

On motherboards are installed capacitors with reduced ESR (equivalent consistent resistance), which are more expensive.

Look at the processor radiator - capacitors can hide and there.

On boards high-class Put condensers with a solid dielectric (polymer).

It is necessary to check the CR2032 lithium element that feeds the CMOS Setup.

Its voltage must be no lower than 3 V.

If it is below - replace the item.

In principle, the computer can work without it, but then the Setup settings will not be remembered.

And the time, and the date the computer will show with an error.

Do you need it?

Check if the radiator of the processor dust is scored? Most likely, scored. After all, you have not looked at the computer for a long time, right? It costs the dust that drags through himself and maliciously letters it into the radiator. Clean it, as it should! Facilitate his life to himself.

In conclusion, let's say that sometimes the computer behaves "wrong", and this is not the "wrong" it is impossible to clearly explain. These "mysterious" failures may be due to the worsening contact in the connectors. It can be power connections, hard drive, CD drive, other devices.

Street (disconnect and connect) connectors. All connectors!

Then see - whether again fails?

Learn more about the repair of the motherboard can be read in the article.

If you get repaired your motherboard, you will have to, alas, look for a new one.

You can buy a motherboard in this online store .

Before meeting a blog!

from 290 r. RUB.

Despite the seeming external simplicity of the device, the computer is the most complex system. Its most common chip, with dimensions of 10x10 mm can be performed simply a fantastic volume of computing operations, providing reliable and stable work PC.

At the same time, if the processor does not work on your computer, then you will not be able to take advantage of its capabilities.

The device simply will not boot. But how to determine what exactly is the cause of breakage? Is it possible that exactly this element of the PC is the cause of certain malfunctions? What if the processor does not work? We will talk about it today and talk.

How to determine the breakdown?

Immediately draw attention to that if you do not work on a PC, not all the processor cores are not a fault warranty!

They can be simply disabled, in order to activate them, it is necessary to find the corresponding options in the operating system.

But now it is not about this, we will analyze the characteristic signs, directly speaking that the processor does not work. You can identify the problem with three main ways:

• Using sound signals;
• By examining the motherboard;
• Using the processor connection to another PC.

The first method is preferable because self open the system unit is not recommended if you do not have the appropriate skills. It is important to know that the motherboard is equipped with a special speaker, and her software (BIOS) is capable of feeding signals when a malfunction is detected.

However, if you do not work aMD processor or Intel, as well as depending on the manufacturer of the motherboard, the signals may differ. Therefore, be sure to arm the instructions where there are all the necessary decodents.

If you hear sound signals There is no possibility, you need to open the systemist. If you do not work intel processor or AMD due to combustion, recognize the problem will be easy. Appearance Chip immediately attract your attention. It may be noted melting, darkening, feel the smell of burned.

The only way out in such a situation is the replacement of the chip, and possibly the motherboard. If there is no visual damage, you can try to connect the processor to another PC, but here you need to be very careful!

Faulty CPU may damage the motherboard of another computer, so it is strictly prohibited to leave a PC with a diagnosed chip for a long time.

Sometimes there are situations in which, despite the full external condition and the absence of suspicious signals, the processor does not work. It seems you would have already made sure that there are no serious problems, but the computer does not want to work correctly. Are you sure that you did not miss anything? So, most likely, the problem lies in the absence of power supply chip, which is also often found.

If you do not work the power of the processor, then it is necessary to find out the reason similar problems. As a rule, they give the following phenomena:

1. Power supply failure;
2. Problems with motherboard;
3. Lack of proper contact between BP and motherboard;
4. Inattention of the PC owner.

In the last paragraph should be stopped in more detail, since such troubles often pursue users who produce repairs and replace components on their own.

You do not work new processorwhich you just installed?

Unfortunately, it is sometimes possible to meet quite serious problems with the inclusion of computers and the start of operating systems, although nothing foreshadowed before a certain moment of trouble. It happens that but most often the computer turns on, but the operating system does not start. It is about such situations further and will be discussed. Consider issues related to why the computer is not loaded, and what to do in such situations. There are several universal solutions.

The computer turns on, but the operating system is not launched: reasons

Among all possible situations where there are failures at the download stage, several typical cases can be distinguished.

There are three options here:

• black screen appears;
• arises blue screen Bsod;
• the operating system starts, but cannot fully boot.

In the first case, when the computer does not start (loading does not turn on), messages indicating physical or software problems. In the simplest case, when nothing serious happens, the system can report that, for example, there is no keyboard (for stationary PC). The simplest solution will be its connection and reboot.

If the computer is turned on, but the download does not start, and instead of the black screen, warnings about software failures or missing files appear, the causes of such behavior can be quite a lot. Among them, first of all, you can highlight problems with hard drive, damage operating system (Random or intentional removal of system components or registry entries), the effects of viruses, incorrect records of the boot sector, RAM conflicts, etc. By the way, if a blue screen jumps out, it is more related to the "RAM" or recently installed drivers devices, which cause the appearance of conflicts no longer on the program, but at the physical level.

What if the computer is not loaded, and the operating system does not start at the above reasons? Depending on the situation there are several solutions. They may seem sufficiently complicated to the uninituable user, but in certain situations, only them can be applied to the resuscitation of the system. Therefore, it will have to spend time and strength.

The computer turns on, but not loaded: what to do first?

So, let's start with the simplest. Suppose that a short-term technical failure occurred in the system, for example, with incorrect completion of the work or voltage drops.

As a rule, almost all today used Windows modifications usually automatically activate the start if this does not happen, before starting the system you have to use the F8 key to call the additional boot menu (another method is used in Windows 10).

The computer turns on, but does the operating system be launched? It is not worth upset. Here in the very simple version You can select the label string of the last workable configuration. If everything is in order with the system components, the system will boot without problems. If it does not help, you will have to use the troubleshooting section, and sometimes even attempting to download in safe mode.

Possible viral infection

Unfortunately, viruses can cause such situations. What if the computer does not turn on? Methods for solving exactly this problem are reduced to use the powerful which could be verified for threats before the start of the OS itself.

Among the entire variety of antiviral software is worth noting disk utilitieswhich start directly from the optical media or USB device, have their own boot records and even a graphical interface like Windows. One of the most powerful funds can be called Kaspersky Rescue Disk. Its use can guarantee almost one hundred percent detection of viruses even hiding in RAM.

Conflicts of RAM

Now let's see what to do if the computer is not loaded, and the blue screen appears instead. As mentioned, most often this indicates problems with drivers and rAM. Drivers do not yet touch, and let's look at the "RAM".

The proposed solution on the subject of the time that the computer is not loaded, is mainly calculated on stationary PCs. In this situation, delete all memory bar, and then insert them alternately and check the download. Perhaps some of them is the link that fails. This may be observed when the planks of different manufacturers are added.

If the system can be able to somehow download anything, using the same safe mode, "RAM" immediately check the MemTest86 + utility, which will help to identify the true cause of malfunctions.

The system does not see the hard disk

Now the worst situation when the computer is not loaded. The reasons and methods of their elimination can be associated with a hard disk.

Winchester may have problems and software, and physical nature, although sometimes it's not even in this. The problem can be completely banal: the user in bIOS settings The priority of loading from a removable device, for example, from an optical disk, which in this moment Located in the drive, but the system is not. It should just extract and repeat the download.

On the other hand, another problem is that the computer does not start (the start of the system is not turned on), it may be related to the fact that the bootloader and recording of the corresponding sector is damaged. The decision of this situation will be told a little later. But in the simplest case, you can try to restore disk data using Recovery utilities.

Sometimes it helps and change the BIOS input / output / output settings. Here you need to find a section associated with the hard drive setting, and in the SATA configuration parameters deactivate the use of AHCI mode.

Finally, the Winchester may have and purely physical damage, and here it is not necessary to do without interference.

Using the installation disk

Many users clearly underestimate the help that the installation or system can be provided in solving problems associated with situations when the computer is turned on, but the operating system is not loaded.

First, almost any kit includes the so-called recovery console, with which you can eliminate a variety of software failures, and secondly, you can use the command line. This is, by the way, the most effective method. Next will understand how it works.

Bootmgr loader problems

It is believed that the most common problem is when the computer is turned on, but the operating system does not start, the Windows bootloader is damaged (Boot Manager). In this case, the system just writes that there is no system section (it simply does not see the Winchester).

You can correct this problem, provided you start from the boot disk and go to the command line in the recovery console, to call which you should press the "R" key. Next, you first need to use the disk check command, and then correct (restore) boot records.

The whole sequence is as follows:

• cHKDSK C: / F / R;
• Bootrec.exe / fixmbr;
• Bootrec.exe / fixboot.

After entering the commands, the punctuation marks are not set, and the input key is pressed. If for some reason, the execution of these positive effect commands was not haunted, as an option, you can use the full rewriting of the boot sector, which is made by the bootrec.exe / rebuildbcd command. If a hDD has no physical damage, It should work, as they say, on all one hundred.

You can apply some third-party utilities. The most suitable program looks like a means called MBRFIX, which is included in the Hiren's Boot CD boot kit. After its call, for example, for Windows 7, provided that it is this system that is installed, and only on one disk (there is no partition to sections), the following should be prescribed:

• MBRFIX.EXE / DRIVE 0 FIXMBR / WIN7.

It will deliver the user from the need to make changes to boot records, and the download will be restored.

Problems with access to the NTLDR file

When the message appears that this component in the system is missing, the load fixation is first applied, as in the past case.

However, if the result is reached, it will not be necessary to copy the original file to the root system partition. For example, if this is a "C" disk, and the drive is "E", the team will have the following form:

• E: \\ i386\u003e Copy NTLDR C: \\ (after copying the system will boot without problems).

Damaged or missing file Hal.dll

In the case when the computer turns on, but the operating system is not loaded in normal mode, the reason may consist in a damaged Hal.dll component (the corresponding notification can be shown on the screen).

In this situation, you need to upload the system in safe mode, call the command console and register in it such a string:

• C: \\ Windows \\ System32 \\ Restore \\ rstrui.exe (hereinafter presses the Enter key and restarts).

Instead of the result

Here is a brief and all that concerns solving the problem of the impossibility of starting the operating system. Naturally, the issues of the fact that the reason may be reduced food, refusal cMOS batteries, loose fit of the plumes, the presence of dust inside the system unit or other malfunctions. But in the program plan, the above methods are working trouble-free.