Low charging voltage. Car battery charging voltage. Current leakage is checked in two ways

Operation of a modern car often presents surprises in the form of invisible and sluggish problems. It often happens that a person acquires a car with a problem and does not notice it for years. From this it is possible to quick failure of many nodes and aggregates, an increase in fuel consumption, a decrease in the quality and comfort of the trip. All this suggests that you should always diagnose the car when passing the next one. If the diagnosis is not, then the quality of operation will remain low. Often car owners carry out repair, maintenance and diagnostics of only the main assemblies of the car. If the peripheral equipment does not work efficiently, it will be extremely difficult to find the causes of problems in your car. And the problems themselves with the main nodes will be happening constantly and regularly.

Low voltage in the on-board network of the car is one of the common problems that makes all the nodes and organs of your machine work faulty. This is a problem that always has an unpleasant effect on all nodes of the machine. There are several ways to reveal such a problem, as well as get rid of it. Today we will talk about how this problem affects your car, which affects all important details and nodes. Then we will deal with the cause of the appearance of the problem and possible methods rectify the situation. It is also worth considering the consequences of a long trip by a low voltage car in the onboard electrical network. All this will help you better understand all the features of the problem and give it due attention.

How to understand that in your auto low voltage in the network?

The low voltage problem may not be visible to the naked eye. But the owner of the car can experience a number of inconveniences and not even realize their real reason. Often, the forums can be found questions about how to cope with too weak the work of the climate system fan. Ask about other problems that are inextricably linked with the quality of the maintenance of the power grid. It is worth paying attention to such manifestations of car problems:

dull and uneven headlights, which does not allow normal to operate the machine, often the voltage drop is the cause of this problem in the car;
dim lighting panel of the instrument panel, flashing when set and dropping revolutions, incomprehensible service of illumination elements, including salon lamp and all light sources in the car;
inadequate operation of sensors who are vital for your car, incorrect indicators on working panel driver, strange device operation parameters;
the lack of power supply for the engine, which is expressed in its intermittent operation, low revs and the ability to stall at any time at idle in the absence of a load;
failure to work on-board computer, radio, odometer and other electronic systems And modules in your car, it really may depend on the power grid.

The voltage drop on consumers below 10 volts is able to fail the vital organs of the car, so their interruptions are completely explained. You should always pay attention to the important features of these nodes in order not to miss up possible problems. It is the low quality of electrical appliances that is the first step for proper diagnostics of the equipment. Integrated problems with electricity consumers can be even more clear indication of the problems.

What do the power supply problems in the car lead?

Another question that is worth considering is the possible consequences of low voltage in the onboard network of the car. Of course, one of the consequences is bad headlights work, which is very bad on the comfort and safety of the trip. You will not even listen to music if the voltage is extremely low. But these consequences can be circumvented by the party without paying due attention. And the actual problems with the car may occur as follows:

the operation of insurance mechanisms in the car and blocking the engine - in many on-board computers there is a blocking function if the voltage in the network is too low;
increased fuel consumption - with a low power level, the computer can increase engine speed for additional volts on the onboard network;
reducing the comfort of the car's operation due to the inadequate operation of the functions of the climate system, blowing windshield, heating and other important options in the car;
a quick failure of the battery, which will cause increased costs, because the battery is not charged at the voltage level in the network less than 12.5 volts, and it will be a problem;
additional load on the generator, an increase in the speed of its rotation and wear of the brushes, which will cause a quick failure of this node, which is often expensive.

As you can see, most elements of the electrical circuit in the car may fail due to such small problems. But in fact it is possible to avoid it, if you find and eliminate the cause of problems. Next, we will consider possible reasons, find out their origin and give certain recommendations on how to get rid of such an annoying and unpleasant problem. It is worth immediately stocking notepad and write items to check.

Causes of low voltage in the power supply

To understand the need for repair, you need to know the main nodes that can affect the work of the power grid. Increasing the voltage in the onboard network by any artificial methods will bring only additional problems. Often problems are caused by ineptive actions of the owner of the car or the company in which you serve the car. Let's consider the main causes of the onboard power supply and voltage reduction:

installation of additional consumers who can take too much electricity, these are subwoofers, various autoophole, teapots and other means of comfort;
incorrect connection of self-installed consumers in the network, even the radio tape recorder can cause a strong volt reduction;
malfunctions in the generator system, which become the main reason for lowering the voltage in the network, with these problems can be struggling to repair or replacing the generator;
cheap and low-quality wiring - in many budget cars from the very birth at the factory, problems with power grid due to poor wiring quality are started;
handicraft interventions in the work of the system, the installation of various additional relays, devices and devices to improve the quality of the electrical outlet - all this does not help.

Instead of solving a problem with the help of ineptly interference, you can only purchase even more problems and trouble for your car. So it is worth considering all the features of the work of the car's power grid, the factory parameters of this system and other factors. Without experience and knowledge into the system of electrical wiring and consumers, it is better not to climb. Otherwise, problems will be necessary, and their correction may be too expensive and unpleasant for the owner of the car.

How to fix low power problems in auto?

High-quality car operation for many budget or old vehicles owners is an unrealized dream. In fact, the problem may be hiding in an incorrectly installed relay or poorly pressed to the mass generator mass. To identify such a problem, it is worth contacting specialists to a hundred and find the real cause of your trouble. You can perform independent checks only in the following directions:

the tester can be measured voltage on the terminals of the battery and at the outputs of the generator with the engine running - this will give information about the state of the power grid and its work;
to check the wiring, you can perform a measurement operation on the head light bulbs - there the voltage must be maximum on the batter below than on the Akb terminals;
you can also disable all independently installed devices to free up the network from their effect and look at the result, further act as an exception method;
the voltage in the on-board network and its changes can often be checked using an on-board computer, this will help effectively measure the loss and the moment of decline in the voltage;
check the battery itself for a complete discharge - often problems with the power grid related to bad work Batteries that require constant charging.

Each machine implements individual methods of current control in the power grid. For one manufacturer, priority is the comfort of the owner, for the other - the reliability of the trip. This is how the power of the electric current is distributed in accordance with these values. Therefore, to identify real problems in the power grid will help quality diagnostics per hundred. Alone here to make practically nothing impossible, except to return factory condition Wiring and remove the previously installed devices. We offer to see a small video on how to correct the problem of poor on-board network voltage on the prior:

Let's sum up

In modern cars, the problem of wiring is found quite often. This is a problem that can actually cause significant trouble. It is necessary to make aware that it should not be sent to a distant trip by car with problems in the power grid. It is also not necessary to continue the operation of the machine when such problems have been discovered. And if in one car we are talking On the simple feature of the generator, then in another case it will be important to take into account all the technical aspects of the electrical wiring, each consumer and other factors. Specialists can deal with these problems.

The cost of repairing the electrical network on a good maintenance station will depend on the causes of the breakage. Sometimes specialists are enough to replace the failed relay to correct the situation. Otherwise, you have to repair the generator, change or delete certain consumers of electric current from the system. Therefore, final expenses depend on the problems determined during diagnostics. It is important to remember that any problems should be eliminated quickly quickly, otherwise problems may arise with the vital bodies of your car. Have you ever encountered such problems?

Permanent underwear of the AKB or its absolute discharge at the most inopportune moment - the headache of many car owners. One source of these problems can be a generator. But how to check it? Perhaps the case is not at all? Let's deal with together how much the generator should produce for the normal functioning of all car systems and maintain the battery in the charged state.

The battery in the car is an important element of the system that is responsible for providing the onboard network of the machine with electricity. The generator is used to charge the battery during its activity. The unstable operation of the device generating electricity becomes the cause of voltage drawdown on the network and the lack of capacity recovery of the power supply.

Under the normal producer of the generator is understood as timely and full replenishment of the charge level of the battery, which is reduced under load. Checking the battery charger from the generator is simple and can be performed by the owner of the car independently.

Diagnostics car deviceGenerating energy includes a visual inspection of an aggregate, its elements and related parts, as well as the implementation of stress measurements and current. At least twice a year, the tension of the drive belt should be checked, an excessive weakening of which leads to a decrease in the generator's performance, and sometimes it may lead to a breakdown of the device. Once a year, you can check the elements of equipment - fasteners, diode bridge, voltage regulator and others. The guarantee of lack of problems will be timely battery maintenance - cleaning of the terminals, adding distilled water.

Diagnosis of such indicators such as voltage, current strength, resistance, is also needed twice a year. For its implementation, you will need special devices - voltmeter, multimeter or load plug.

What charging should go to the battery with the generator

Traditionally it is believed that 13.5-14,5V must issue a generator on the battery and this is absolutely enough to replenish the cost of the battery.

It should be borne in mind that the use of greater power on the battery car than the manufacturer recommends, requires and installing a more productive generating device.

It is necessary to take into account the load that the generator must withstand - it is calculated at maximum indicators of all electrical appliances and auto systems.

Do not forget that the charging current from the energy generating device will allow you to start the car in the cold season. In order not to have problems with the car plant, we recommend purchasing generating equipment, the charge current of which will be about 10% of the power supply capacity. That is, the battery at 100 A / C is needed a generator who can give 10a. Please note that for many cars, equipment in 100 amps will work at the limit of their capabilities, because the power consumption of the automotive system in the region of 80 amps. Therefore, the choice of the source generating energy must also take into account the capacity of the AKB, and the network consumption.

How to check the generator voltage on the battery

The potential difference can be diagnosed in two ways - directly on generating equipment and through the battery. The generator is directly related to the power supply to a thick wire, because to check the level of potential difference, you can measure the voltage at the power supply. This requires special devices - voltmeter, multimeter or load plug.

The wires of the first measuring instruments are connected to the battery in any sequence. The plug must be connected to the battery terminals with strict polarity observance. It is believed that normal tension The network should be no lower than 12 volts. At idle without inclusion of all electric devices, this indicator should be at the level of 13.5-14V. The drop in voltage values \u200b\u200bup to 13.3-13.8 volts is considered permissible.

At the same time, conventional testing equipment can be checked by the resistance of the elements of the generator - rotor, stator and diode bridge. The diagnosis of rotary equipment is carried out on its winding. You must connect the devices of the device with contact rings. If the multimeter gives testimony from 2, 3 to 5.1 ohms, then this item is in good condition. Current consumption by winding should be within 3-4.5 amps.

Its normal resistance is 0.2 Ohm. Checking the diode bridge is carried out by the presence or absence of resistance, indicators do not matter. The only one should take into account - zero measurement should not be. Measurements are carried out in pairs - the positive output and all the plates from this side or minus and all the elements.

We remind you that for normal charging car battery The voltage issued by the generator must be from 13.5 to 14 volts.

How many amps gives a car generator on the battery

The power of the current, the necessary electrical system of each car, is individual and depends on the number of consumers of electricity and their values. Also, the charge current must be sufficient to charge the power supply.

It is worth noting that the amp readings appear only when there is a load and, accordingly, the discharge of the AKB in the vehicle electrical system. After starting the engine engine, the charge current is about 6-10 amps and it falls over time, because the battery is charged by the main power consumption. If you enable additionally equipment - headlights, radio or heating mirrors, then you can see an increase in charging current values.

During the purchase of the generator, pay attention to it specificationsThat manufacturer indicates a package - it is there you will find information about which current will be as follows to the battery.

In the table below, you can see the approximate values \u200b\u200bof the current force that shows the generator with different loads.

Table 1. How many amps gives the generator under load.

Signs of the malfunction of the generator

IN modern machines The breakdown of the electrical system is one of the common. A large number of Electronics obliges particularly carefully monitor the operation and the state of the generator and the battery, because their failure can immobilize the car. The most popular signs of the malfunction of the generator are:

light indication of the battery on the instrument panel;
unstable work of the AKB (its bumping or underwear);
various light headlights intensity;
outsided sounds from the generator.

If you have noticed incorrect work Car, then perhaps the battery charging current from the generator is insufficient.

All faults of electrical equipment, to which the car generating energy relates is mechanical (deformation or failure of fasteners, housing, impairment of bearings, clamping springs, drive belt, etc.) or electric (winding breaks, diode bridge malfunctions, burnout or brushed , closures between the turns, samples, etc.).

Do not write off the non-working generator with accounts: Find out whether there are repair kits and spare parts. If possible, replace them. If you can not independently carry out repair work, then give the generator to the workshop. Many craftsmen will be able to restore the unit without extra cost And in the shortest possible time.

However, individual breakdowns require the purchase of a new device generating electricity. For example, the failure of the bearing, which is soldered into the generator body, is not subject to recovery or replacement in most cases.

Remember that the breakdown of this node can be caused not only to wear and corrosion, but also poor quality elements, components; Excessive load; External impact of salts, liquids, temperatures.

Other reasons for low voltage

Not always a small potential difference in the system is associated with a broken generator or a bad battery. If the diagnosis of these elements did not reveal any problems, it is worth paying their attention to the following:

the condition of the battery terminals is the density of adjoining and oxidation;
wiring problems - oxidation, impaired its integrity;
output contacts to electrical appliances;
properly selected energy consumers.

Each contact must be tightly adjacent and holistic, that is, there is a lack of formations (for example, sulfation) that will disrupt the passage of the current. Incorrect contact connection leads to an accelerated battery discharge even on the unused machine.

To improve the adjoining of the elements of the car electrical system, it is necessary to clean all contacts and restore the integrity of the wires using their replacement or connection and the insulating ribbon winding.

In conclusion, I would like to repeat that the steady operation of the car requires constant control of all elements, and special attention should be attracted by the generator. The battery is charging from it and provides electricity a whole car system. Pay attention to all items: generator brushes, contact rings, voltage regulator, equipment winding.

The most correct measurements should be carried out with the full charge of the battery and in various modes. Remember that the manufacturer binds the characteristics of the generator to the number of engine revolutions - it is they who help produce a certain current.

Detailed video, how to check the generator:

Do you have experience in diagnosing a generator and solving problems in the electrical system of the car? Please share your experience and opinions with our readers in the comments. If you have questions about affected topics, we will be happy to answer them.

If the battery is discharged in the morning, headlights fastens on the move, wipers start working with difficulty - you need to pay attention to the serviceability of the generator and the entire electrical network. If there is free time and desire with many faults, you can figure it out on your own. If possible, it is better to contact a specialized workshop, as the correction of serious breakdowns requires the experience and availability of special equipment.

The reasons for the discharge of the battery, why the car does not give out full voltage

Turning the ignition key, the car enthusiast expects to hear the vigorous sound of the starter. If the battery is discharged, the starter lacks the starter - the car does not start. Causes of discharge:

Battery itself. Low electrolyte level, plate sulfate, short circuit, long standing without recharging. The battery needs to be charged and check the load fork.
Permanent passive discharge. In the car there is a consumer that consumes energy even when the ignition is turned off. This is most often incorrectly installed radio tape recorder, alarm or poorly renovated factory parts - fans, lights. The wiring swallowed in places can also discharge the battery.
Distribution of the battery when moving. This happens with frequent short trips or faulty generator.

Major faults

To determine the malfunction, you need to spend general diagnostics of the electrical system of the car.

It is carried out in order of exception possible causes From easily corrected and cheap to complex and expensive. Here is an exemplary algorithm for how to check the electrical system of the car.

Frequent short trips

The battery at each engine factory should be filled. In urban mode with short energy rides, it is spent more than being replenished. The battery is periodically recharge charger. Just follow the time of your trips, especially in winter, and more often check the condition of your battery.

Current leakage

If the car spends electricity more than it fills, the battery will be discharged. Faulty wiring, "tributes" of windings of electric motors, short-circuited electricity tracks - source of constant electricity consumption. A short circuit "drinks" the energy of the battery, which in a couple of hours can discharge completely.

Current leakage is checked in two ways:

For split off Remove the terminal from the battery, and slowly wear back. If when connecting the terminal "REST", there is a reason to check on.

Important! Do not apply this method for checking cars with electronic block Controls - Capacitors of the ECU may burn from voltage drops.

Verification ammeter. The ammeter with an amplitude of measurements up to 20 amps is set to the gap between the minus terminal of the battery and the mass terminal. Ignition turns on if leakage is higher 0.1 - 0.3 AmpereYou need to find unauthorized current consumption.

Search for current leakage

Turn off in order Cooling electrical fan chains, generator and starter. They work, as a rule, without fuses.
In order disconnect With the ignition on circuit breakers. If the arrow on the ammeter fell - we are looking for a short circuit or spoiled consumer in the circuit of this fuse.
Chain "Nicknamed" For the presence of a short circuit in order - From the fuse to the consumer.

Malfunctions generator

If there is no current leakage, and the trip is pretty long, then the battery is dissatisfied. It's important to know what charging should give a good generator.With the engine, you need to check the voltage on the terminals of the battery.

Without inclusion of additional electrical appliances, the voltmeter should show values \u200b\u200bat 13.5 - 14 volts, it is such a charge that the serviceable generator must produce. If on the voltmeter. low voltage (less than 13 volts), then it should be proceeding to identify the reasons why the system does not provide a complete charge.

The battery charging circuit from the generator is simple, often it is directly connected to the main generator output, by means of a thick cable, and sometimes even two.

The modern generator is a durable device, all "childhood diseases" have long been solved. However, without timely service and replacement of consumables, it may break.

If there is due knowledge, it is easy to identify the malfunctions of the generator, for this you will need a minimum of tools. Checking is better to carry out everything on the same principle of elimination of possible causes from simple and cheap to complex and expensive.

Belt stretch

If the drive belt broke or stretched over time, the generator will "slip" under load. The need for suspenders is evidenced by a whistling disappearing during the progasion.
The solution is to pull the belt, depending on the design of the generator fastening, this procedure may differ. There are three types of tensioner: spring self-pulling, with a worm tensioner, stretching with a lever. Without proper belt stretch, the situation will be repeated increasingly when the car it works but does not charge the battery.

Bearings

The generator rotor spins on the bearings. If they are jammed or crumpled, the generator will not work. When replacing or stretching the belt, it is worth promoting and shaking the pulley, the backlash, junctions and foreign knocks or the hums should not be.

To replace the bearings, the generator will have to fully disassemble, a plumbing tool, vice and sweepers will be required.

If the bearing crumble, the anchor hurts for the winding of the stator, and the short circuit is obtained. As a rule, such a generator is subject to replacement.

Excitement check

In most cars, a separate wire under voltage comes to the generator to start generating electric current.

This is called "excitement". In order for the device to be not burned and did not consume electricity when the ignition is turned off, the current is fed through the resistance - the light bulb on the dashboard. If when the ignition is turned on, the bulb is off, then the current on the battery is not served.

Diagnostic procedure:

With the ignition on the control light bulb we check whether there is a voltage on the terminal "30" Generator. As a rule, it is suitable for it blue wire small cross section.
If there is no voltage, check fuses.
Fuses in order check the light bulb on the dashboard.
If the light is fine, check electric chain: Fuses - Ignition Castle - dashboard - Generator. Eliminate the break or the wire isolation isolation.

Generator brushes

Coal current collectors wear out over time.

Remove the voltage regulator (in everyday life of motorists is called "chocolate"), check the length of coal brushes. Short or stuck brushes in the case may not fit tightly. They are repaid or replaced with the regulator.

When replacing the brushes it is worth assessing the state of the current copper rotor tracks. In case the brushes spray deep grooves, disassembled and replacing the tracks. This operation is possible only in a specialized workshop - the track is welded or soldered, they are painted on the "hot" shaft.

Diode bridge

In the dark, the following effect may be observed: the headlights are brighter when the engine is raised. This indicates damage to the regulator or diode bridge. What can cause the generator does not charge.

The regulator can be replaced with a well-good job, and if the defect has not corrected - you need to check the diodes. They serve to straighten current oscillations. Windings on the stator of the generator three, they take turns in turn electricity. Each winding gives the current "burst", the voltage grows and falls. Diode is needed to adjust the voltage, as a result, it turns out d.C. without voltage jumps.

Diodes are checked with a multimeter or oscilloscope. The diode passes the electric current in one direction, in the second - no.

Diodes with melting or mechanical damage is better replaced. Easier and more efficient to order a whole diode bridgeHe looks like a view of the horseshoe.

Sample windings.

If a short circuit occurs between the case and windings of the stator or rotor, the generator will not work. In some cases, the defect is not noticeable, but it is possible to smoke or slip the spark.

The breakdown can be diagnosed with a 3 volt or multimeter control light.

On contacts removed from the generator car voltage is served, on the housing Connect weight.
One wire Control light we attach to the mass battery, the second is to the housing.
Slow rotating pulley.
If the light bulb failed - there is a short circuit.
Stator or rotor windings will have to rewind or Replace the entire device entirely.

Useful video

Brief video instructions for checking the automotive generator:

How to choose a generator to replace

When buying a new generator with a guarantee, this item will be superfluous. But most often cheaper and more practical will be purchased from disassembly, used. When buying a generator with hands there is a risk of getting a faulty item.

When buying, you need to check the generator according to the following algorithm:

Visual inspection. Cellins, cracks on the case, broken seats and stacked fasteners - the reason to bargain or refuse to buy.
Rotation of pulley. The shaft should not be twisted and rotated silently, radial and axial backlash are unacceptable.
Inspection plate. It is better to choose a generator, fully identical to a regular voltage and revolutions.
Inspection of the current rings and brushes. If deep grooves from the brushes are deep on the copper tracks of the rotor, it means the generator served for a long time.
Checking the generator performance. You will need a battery and 3 volts light bulb. We connect the minus of the battery to the part of the part, plus - on the excitation terminal, indicated by the number "30". One bulb wire we connect to the mass, the second to the terminal "+" generator. Rally twist the pulley of the generator. If it is working, the three-tight light bulb will flash the bright light.
Checking the generator on the breakdown of the windings. Technology is described above.

How to avoid serious breakdowns

In order for the risk of failure of the generator and wiring to be minimal, scheduled maintenance should be carried out.

Replacing the generator brushes.
Timely belt stretch.
Control bearings and their replacement.
Care when carrying out repair work.
Quality isolation of contacts, twists.
The use of crimp tribes and terminal contacts when repairing wiring.

To carry out regulatory work, it is advisable to contact a specialized service that can check the condition of the wiring and quickly maintain.

The generator or wiring faults are able to deliver many unpleasant minutes of the car owner. Difficulties with the factory, dull headlights, slow brushes of janitors ... Gasoline engines without a generator can not go far - it takes a lot of energy to form a spark on the candles. At the first signs of faults better spend full diagnostics and maintenance of car electrical systems.

The vehicle battery voltage, as well as its capacity - the most important indicators of this automotive assembly, from which its functionality and quality of work directly depends. The batteries are used to run the power unit, so every car owner should know about how normal car battery voltage is constantly supporting it in working condition. Of course, I have already affected this topic in the previous ones, but today I want to specify this information ...

To begin with, I would like to say that there are no devices in modern machines with a "volt" measurement, although they used to be. Therefore, to determine the voltage you need to start to get a multimeter ,. I want to note that it is desirable at least once a month - two check the battery voltage in order to take action on time.

Norm for basic battery properties

What is the minimum of this value should be to start the engine? There is no exact indicator here. In a standard state, this property has a fully charged battery should be an average of 12.6-12.7 volts.

Depending on the specific conditions, this indicator can change slightly, and there is nothing wrong with that. For example, some manufacturers assure that their products have a voltage around 13 - 13.2 V, it is permissible, but immediately want to warn you.

Do not measure the tension immediately after charging the battery, as many experts write, you need to wait at least an hour, then it should fall from 13 to 12.7 volts.

But it can walk both in the other side when it falls below 12 volts - this indicates that the battery is discharged by 50%.

In this case, the device will need urgent charging, since its operation in such a state is guaranteed leads to sulfation of lead plates. This reduces the performance of the AKB, and the duration of its operation.

But even in the case of such a low voltage, run the motor of the passenger transport is quite possible. If the battery is in working condition, it does not need repair and the generator during the operation of the engine ensures the battery charging, the device can even be safely used.

In the same case, when this electrical battery parameter is below 11.6 V, the battery is almost completely discharged, its further use in such a state without recharging and inspection is impossible.

Thus, the level of normal voltage is in the range of 12.6 - 12.7 volts (rarely, but possible to 13.2V. Maximum.)

However, in practice it is very rare. Most often for passenger cars is 12.2-12.49 volts, which indicates an incomplete charge.

But there is nothing wrong with that: a decrease in performance and the quality of the device begins in the event that a decrease is reduced to 11.9 volts or below.

Under load

Voltage can be divided into three main indicators:

Nominal;
Actual;
Under load.

If speak about nominal tension By the way, it is accepted to indicate in the literature and other materials, it is equal - 12V, but this indicator is far from the actual parameter, I am silent about the load.

As we said, normal work voltage Battery A passenger car is 12.6 - 12,7 volt. But in fact more reliable is the actual indicator, which can range from 12.4 volts to about 12.8 V. I want to emphasize - this parameter is removed without a load, which is said at rest.

But if you submit a load on our battery, then the parameters will be completely different. The load is required, this check shows the performance of the battery, because it is often able to withstand the normal voltage can all acb, but the load "Duffle" cannot be kept.

The essence of the inspection is simple - to a fully operational battery, create a load (using a special apparatus - a "load plug") twice the container.

That is, if you have a battery with a capacity of 60 am / h, the load should be 120 amps. The load duration is about 3 to 5 seconds, and the voltage should not be given below 9 volts, if the indicator 5 - 6, then your battery is either discharged or almost "died". It also would also like to note that after the load, the voltage should recover approximately 5 seconds to a normal indicator, at least 12.4.

When "drawdown", first of all, you need to charge the battery, and after repeat the experience with the "load fork", if there is no big seeding, it means that the battery needs a recharging. Watch a video about checking under load.

A few words about electrolyte

The main parameter that determines the voltage level in rechargeable battery - This is the density of electrolyte, which is inside this device.

When the battery is discharged, acid is consumed, the share of which in this composition is 35 - 36%. As a result, the density level of this fluid is reduced. In the process of charging, it carries out the return process: water consumption leads to an acid formation - the result of which is an increase in the density of the electrolytic composition.

In the standard state at 12.7, the density of this fluid in the battery is 1.27 g / cm3. In case of decreasing any of these parameters, the other is reduced.

Reduced voltage in winter

Often car owners complain that in winter, with severe frosts in the battery, its main parameters fall, as a result of which the car does not start. Therefore, some drivers take the battery at night.

But in fact, everything is not quite true. At negative temperatures, the electrolyte density changes, which, as already noted, affects the voltage level. But with a sufficient charge of the battery, the electrolyte density in the frost increases, as a result, the second of the most important properties increases. Therefore, a fairly charged battery, even in a strong frost, nothing threatens. If you leave it in the frost of the discharged, the electrolyte density will decline, resulting in a problem with the engine launch.

Problems using and launching a vehicle power unit in winter are not associated with a decrease in the main parameters of its battery, but so that the main chemical processes inside it under negative temperatures are slower than during normal time.