Twisted steam: crimping methods, connections scheme. Crush network wires with RJ45 connector. Wiring pinout to create a local network What contacts are used in RJ45
Immediately I confess that I am not a specialist in filling twisted pair, and I have no great experience in this matter, but I still know something else. I have already had to make a network cable for more than once, and I even bought special ticks. In fact, there is nothing complicated. It can be able to enable twisted a couple. True, it is desirable to have a special tool - a crimp. And there are already small problems. Most likely, you need to make a network cable once a necessary length, and buy a crimper is not very correct for this. You will use it once, and most likely he is no longer useful for you. And it is not a penny. There is an option to enable a network cable without a special tool. For example, with a screwdriver. This is not very correct, but quite real. As an option for making a cable at home may well be. I wrote about this in the article :. And in this instruction, I will show how to do everything using this very special tool.
As for the cable itself, the twisted pair, then I talked about him in more detail in the article :. As you probably understood from the title of the article, there I also wrote about the schemes by which you can make a network cable. It all depends on what purpose you need a cable. We will return to this question when we proceed directly to the manufacture of the cable.
What do you need for the manufacture of a network cable?
Let's look at what materials and tools we need.
With a set of materials and tools, we figured out. Let's now choose the scheme for which we will crimp the network cable. This is a very important point.
Choosing a wite couple crimping scheme
There are two schemes for which you can make a network cable. Let's find out which method is suitable for you.
I am practically sure that you need a regular straight cable. Which you can connect your computer, TV, game console to the router. Or, for example, connect two router among themselves.
Clamp crimping (twisted pair) with a crimper
We dealt with all the nuances, time to move towards the most interesting. I will describe everything step by step, and of course show in the photo.
1 We need to remove the upper insulation from the cable. To do this, insert the cable into a special hole on the crymonte, and the circular movement is cut off isolation.
It turns out like this:
After crimping:
Similarly, we make crimping on the other end of the cable. Our cable is ready, you can check.
I connected your laptop to the router using this cable, and everything worked. Maybe I performed an oberator twisted pair not quite perfect, for this, of course you need to practice, but everything turned out. And this means that you will succeed.
Without a special tool, a crmper, clipping the network cable is of course more difficult. The only difference is that after stripping, alignment, and install the cable in the connector, you need something sharp (for example, a screwdriver) In turn, sell each contact on the connector.
If you have any questions for some moments, then ask them in the comments.
According to the EIA / TIA-568 specification, several color schemes of the network cable of the twisted pair (patch cord) are provided in the RJ-45 connector for connecting the computer with a router, a hub, a pig or connecting two computers.
The network plug is called RJ-45, although its correct name is 8p8c. And Rj (Registered Jack) is the name of the standard describing the design of the plug and socket connector.
On all the photos presented below, one partitioned UTP cable is displayed for use in LAN networks (Digital Subscriber Line) and DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), with fasciated at its ends of twisted pairs into the RJ-45 plugs.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45 Computer - Hub for the Internet
by option B, the most common option.
Color Marking Crimp LAN Cable Twisted Couple by option A.
As can be seen in the photo, in both variants, the ends of the LAN cable are crimped along the same electrical circuit, only two twisted pairs are changed in places. In place of orange twisted pair of compressed green, and at the place of green twisted pair - orange.
Twisted UTP cable pairs, compressed as by option A and by option in mutually replaceable. So you can crimp according to any variant of the color scheme, which is more like, it will not affect the operability of the LAN network.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45 two pair cable twisted pair
Currently, a network cable twisted pair appeared on sale, in which instead of traditional four there are only two twisted pairs. And this is economically justified, since only two twisted pairs are used in 90% of cable lines for the Internet.
As you can see, the electrical circuit of the connection of the RJ-45 conclusions has not changed, only instead of a green pair is crimped blue.
Such a cable of twisted pairs according to variant B is crimped according to the diagram presented above in the photo. When comprised by option a, the pairs simply change places. Instead of an orange pair, blue is crimped, and instead of blue - orange.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45 Computer - Computer
If you need to create a local LAN network of two or more computers without using additional active equipment (hub, switches or router), for example, for collective games, then for this case, the EIA / TIA specification provides the following cutting cable of the twisted pairs. To create a network of two computers, one such such cable is enough to insert into their network ports.
Please note the opposite ends of the LAN cable cable. Computer-computer is shut down to different color schemes.
Crimping with twisted pairs RJ-45 is performed by a tool called crimping pliers. If there is no ticks at hand, then you can use the technology of crimping couples without ticks.
All the above color schemes of the UTP pair cable cable currently lose relevance. Modern network cards, switches, hubs and routers, thanks to the support of AUTO-MDIX technology, automatically determine the option of compression of the cable of twisted pairs and perform the internal adjustment. So the modern computer, when creating a network, can be connected at least to the hub, or another computer without thinking about the color scheme of the cable of cable of twisted pairs.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45
According to PoE IEEE 802.3af and IEEE 802.3at
The PoE IEEE 802.3aF standard provides for the possibility of transmitting an information signal and supply the supply voltage to a device by one cable of twisted pairs, a crimped connector RJ-45. This allows you to do without an additional wire for supplying the supply voltage.
Regardless of the RJ-45 compression options, with a positive output of the power supply, the voltage is fed simultaneously to contacts 4 and 5 (blue steam), and negative - by 7 and 8 (brown pair).
As a rule, the pinout cable of the twisted pairs according to the PoE IEEE 802.3af standard is used when creating video surveillance systems, which use a switch, for example, a 9-port PoE switch ROKA R-KM-POE0801, in which the possibility of feeding through RJ-45 is provided for each ports. constant voltage 12 in a capacity of up to 30 W.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45 4 wires for the Internet
When you connect a computer to the Internet or creating a local network, rarely who uses LAN capabilities with twisted pairs completely. This is usually associated with the lack of information.
When transmitting a signal along a cable pair of the SAT5 category (speed up to 100 Mbps), only two pairs of wires of four available in the cable are involved. One pair for receiving a signal, the second for transmission, which clearly demonstrates the electrical circuit of connecting the network card of the computer with a cable of twisted pairs with the RJ-45 jack to a swivere or a router.
As can be seen from the scheme, each of the two pairs of the LAN cable is connected to a computer and a hub switch or a router on a transformer symmetric diagram. The advantage of the transformer scheme is to suppress the filing and interference and ensuring a high degree of protection against short circuits and errors when installing in a cable of twisted pairs.
In the event of the need to lay the extra line or with partial damage to the pairs in the network cable of twisted pairs, it is possible without deteriorating the data transfer rate, increase the number of lines twice or repair the cable of twisted pairs, roasting the RJ-45 plugs on previously used twisted pairs.
Below, the color schemes for compression cable cable, the RJ-45 cable are not different from the above, but they show only the conductor LAN cable of twisted pairs, which are used to transmit information. Twisted pairs that are not approached close to the RJ45 fork are usually crimped, but the signal is not transmitted over them and they can be used to transmit additional information.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45 4 Wires Computer - Hub
Crimp twisted pair, option B. The signal is transmitted only by orange and green pairs.
Crimping a twisted pair, option A. The signal is also transmitted only by green and orange pairs, but twisted pairs are compressed in the RJ-45 fork to other contacts.
Color Scheme Crips RJ-45 4 Wire Computer - Computer
Crimping twisted pair computer computer. The signal is transmitted only on green and orange pairs.
Color scheme crimping RJ-45 Computer - Hub under repair
What is the difference between patch cord from cable of twisted pairs
Patch cord, or as it is also called the switching cord, is designed to connect electronic devices among themselves, for example, a computer with a hub, a switch or two computers with each other if the devices during operation need to be moved relative to each other.
For the manufacture of patch cord, a cable of twisted pairs is taken, the cores in which are made from the stranded wire so that they do not break off at frequent beggars. For crimping such a cable, special RJ-45 connectors are used. According to the ANSI EIA TIA 568B.1 standard, the patch cord length should not exceed five meters. The connection of devices using patch-cord is economically advisable if they often move relative to each other during operation.
Network cable or twisted pair is a special wire that consists of twisted four pairs of copper lived. Such a number of lived and the structure itself helps to reduce the effect of all sorts of interference. The network cable is needed to secure special connectors on it (connectors) to connect to a computer. With it, create a local network and bind devices with each other.
When crimping, 8p8c connectors with 8 contacts are most often used. Most often they are called RJ45. The cable crimping itself is not complicated, but you need to carefully select the connector - some of them are used only by professionals. They are two types:
- Unshielded, which are used for UTP wires;
- Shielded - for STP or FTP.
There are also connectors with insert, but they are intended only for soft stranded wires. If the wire is solid, then use them is extremely uncomfortable.
Inside the connector there are eight grooves intended for wires. Metal contacts are located above them. Cord residentials need to be located in these deposits, and when the connector closes, they will connect with the contacts. It is necessary to put the connector with a latch to yourself, contacts up so that the numbering was correct. In this position, the first deepening will be on the right, the eighth - on the left. Stacking is recommended to start with the first contact.
There are two main distribution schemes: EIA / TIA-568A and EIA / TIA-568B. They are located in different ways. In the network cord, there are only four pairs, less often - two. For such wires, the scheme will be different.
Options of crimping
There are several crimping schemes twisted pair RJ 45: cross and straight. Difference for use:
- Direct is applied when the cable will be used to communicate network equipment (with a computer or each other), and connecting client equipment. This method is used most often.
- Cross used to communicate computers among themselves. Another equipment should not be used. Less often this method is used to communicate devices through Up-Link ports.
You can use any method, but both ends must be shaped equally. Typically, with direct burning, they use a 568B scheme.
Recently, the popularity is gaining cables in which instead of four twisted pairs there are only two. With their help, you can connect only two devices. If the local traffic is high, this method is not desirable, because the data transfer rate will decrease with 1 Gbps to 100 Mbps.
Either orange and green or blue and brown are used. Contacts are connected in the same way as in the case of using all 8 wires.
To make a cross cable, one end of the cord is crimped according to the 568 V scheme, the second - by 568a. Use all wires. This method gives a relatively small speed.
To ensure a higher speed, a special scheme is used: one end of the cable is crimped in color scheme 568V, and the pinout of the network cable at the other end must be like this:
- white with green;
- green;
- white with orange;
- white with brown;
- brown;
- orange;
- blue;
- white with blue.
To create a network of two or more computers without the use of other equipment (switches, routers and other things), another pinout twisted pair is used.
The color scheme for 8 wires allows you to connect two devices, simply inserting the cable into their network ports. Different ends are contused with different schemes.
Required tool
For crimping a twisted pair of RJ-45, a special tool is needed, it is called crimping pliers. Another name is used by specialists - Crimper.
There are two types of crimpers: lever and presses. The lever (on the left in the picture) is cheaper, but it is harder to work with them: you need to make physical efforts, but the compression is still uneven. The design of the second implies the presence of a rowing, which moves perpendicular to the connector, establishing contacts into it.
To enhance the cable, you need to first divide and clean the twisted pairs, insert them into the recess on the RJ-45 and the entire design - in the groove on the crimper. After that, bring his handles until it stops. Then you need to press the connector to the housing and remove it from the ticks.
There is a way that allows you to enhance the cable without Crim. To do this, you will need a vice (or another device that will allow fixing the plug RJ-45), dumping, hammer. You must first insert wiring into contact, then fix it with visits for the side parts. Then the tip of the dumping and the hammer can neatly deepen the lamella, snap the cable clamp - and everything is ready.
In this way it is importantSo that the tip of the tip was not more than 55 mm, otherwise it will distribute insulating sides, because the lamella in the connectors with a thickness of 56 mm. If this happens, you need to cut the hanging edges with a sharp knife, otherwise the contacts will be cling to the edges, and there will be no contact.
Application used connectors
If you need to enhance the cable urgently, but there is no new connector at hand, you can use the old one. To do this, it is necessary to push the connector lock and the selection to carefully pinched the lamelles, pulling them by 1 mm. Then a knife to trim the cable side of the cable, take it out and old twisted pairs. At the same time, the cable retainer is removed, and in order to secure a new one, in the resulting space you need to drop silicone or sealant.
The crimping after removing the old network cord occurs just as if the connectors were new. If you need to eliminate the cord damage, or to extend it, use a clench or spike instead of crimping the new cable. Spike is much more reliable.
Network cords, like other technically accessories, fail at the most inopportune moment. But if there is a crimping skills, a new connector and the necessary tool, the problem can be resolved in a few minutes.
Another difficulty is that the Internet wires are stranded, and more often the remaining cable for 4 pairs is used. Therefore, in addition to practical skills, it will take the right pinout RJ-45 - a suitable color scheme. If you make mistakes with the distribution of conductors, you can stay without the Internet.
In this material we will tell about the features of the twisted pair and give several cable crimping schemes.
The usual electrical wire, for example, WGng 3 * 2.5 consists of three lived. This can be understood by removing the upper polymer shell. Twisted pair (in other words - a network wire, the RJ-45 cable) can consist of both one pair of wires and from several.
The finished patch cords are usually used - the segments of the standard length cable (on average from 0.3 m to 30 m). On both sides of the factory cord, they will compress connectors - small 8-pin forks that can be inserted into, connector on the router, PC, TV and other equipment.
For home use, 1- and stranded cables are offered, but the latter are used more often. On sale, twisted pair enters the bays, is implemented by a metro
But a piece of not compressed in advance cable is also helpful: for example, it is sometimes necessary to hold a cable through a small, no more than 5 mm, a hole in the wall. The crimp is in this case after installation.
Characteristics of the RJ-45 Internet Wire, which can be useful:
Gallery of images
Standard schemes crimping
The sprinkling of the twisted pair and the installation of the connectors falls under the regulation of the international EIA / TIA-568 standard, which describes the procedure and rules for the switching of intra-quarter networks. The selection of the crimp circuit depends on the cable assignment and network characteristics - for example, from bandwidth.
You do not need to worry that the cable is too long or short - you can always enhance the patch cord of the desired length. If the network wire suddenly strips the dog or it will just overtake, you can promptly repair.
You can also be interested to see how you can connect the tween couple together, for this proceed by software.
Have questions about wrinkling twisted couple? Please ask them in the block with comments, and we will try to extremely clearly explain the incomprehensible moments.
| Posted on 11.04.2017 |How to properly crimp the connectors RJ-45 (5 categories, twisted pair). Direct layout. Cross-layout
1. The direct procedure for crimping the twisted pair leading from the workstation to the concentrator.
2. Cross-linked (cross, cross-line) Order of the crimping couple.
It is used in the case when it is required to connect 2 hubs that do not switch UPLink / Normal as well for direct connection of 2 computers.
Wire options (cutting) eight-tie twisted pair
For the Ethernet 100Base-T standard, four veins are used (orange and green steam), and the remaining four are reserved for the Gigabit Ethernet standard (1000Base-T). There are two options for wiring 568a or 568b, the choice is yours. The second option is more often used (568b). The most important thing is that in the entire network used one of the options.
Appearance of the RJ-45 Connector with Contact Numbering
The cable wiring for connecting a computer with a network hardware (patchcord) is presented in the table, on the drawings to the right of the table depicts the appearance of the cable prepared for the insert in the connector (both connector are colated the same):
The cable wiring for connecting network cards of two computers is directly different only by the fact that on one of the ends of the cable, the green and orange pair change places. Simply put, we get a cable from which one connector will be powered by option 586A, and the second one option 586b. Such a cable is called crossover (Crossover) or zero-hubbing cable. The same layout is used to cascading (compound) hubs. In the form of a table, this option looks like this:
Two computers can be connected using and wiring in the table below, but it is much more difficult for remembering, so I bring this option only for the fullness of the issue.
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