Select DBMS. Comparison Oracle and MS SQL Server

The choice of database management system (DBMS) is a complex task, to solve which it is necessary to take into account many factors and parameters. This task is one of the most important steps when developing database applications. The selected software product must meet both the current and future needs of the enterprise, and the financial costs for purchasing the necessary equipment, the system itself, the development of the required software On its basis, as well as training personnel. In addition, it is necessary to make sure that the new DBMS can bring the enterprise real benefits.

In general, the list of requirements for the DBMS may vary depending on the goals set. Nevertheless, several groups of criteria can be distinguished:

· Data structure

· Functionality

· Application development features

· Performance

· Working environment requirements

Consider each of these groups separately.

1. Data structure. The following must be attributed to this group of requirements: the data model used (the question of using a model should be solved at the initial stage of the information system design) provided for data types.

2. Functionality. In this group of requirements, the following criteria are allocated: mobility (system independence on the environment in which it works), scalability (can this system Make an increase in the information system), triggers and stored procedures, network capabilities.

3. Features of developing applications. Many DBMS manufacturers also produce application development tools for their systems. As a rule, these tools allow the best possible to implement all the features of the server, so when analyzing the DBMS, it is also worth considering the possibilities of developing applications. This group of requirements can be attributed to the following: design tools, multilingual support, the possibility of developing Web applications.

4. Performance. The performance of the system is one of the most important indicators to be used in the article as the main criterion to select the DBMS. There are several factors that can be attributed to system performance and which can be taken into account to assess the performance of this DBMS. Such factors are the following: TRS Rating, parallel architecture capabilities, query optimization capabilities.

5. Requirements for the working environment. This group of requirements can be attributed as follows: supported hardware platforms, minimum requirements Equipment and operating system.

Consider 5 different relational DBMS. According to the method of analysis of the hierarchy proposed by T. Sahata, a pairwise comparison of all DBMS for each criterion is carried out, resulting in 5 matrices of pairwise comparisons alternatives.

The matrix of pairwise comparisons is built as follows. Let it be set to elements A and B if:

· AVIV is equally important, we entered 1;

· And slightly more important than 5, we entered 3;

· And much more important than 5, we enters 5;

· And clearly more important than 5, we enters 7;

And in its significance, it is absolutely superior in, we enter 9 to the position (A, B), where the string A and the column in.

When comparing the element with themselves, we have equal significance, so that at the intersection of the string A with a column and we enter 1. Therefore, the main diagonal of the matrix should consist of units. Values \u200b\u200b2, 4, 6, 8 - intermediate.

For each of the tables received, the following indicators are considered:

1. Vector priority matrix;

2. The main one's own value corresponding to the priority vector is its own value to evaluate consistency;

3. The coherence index (IP) showing the deviation from consistency is determined by the formula:

4. The ratio of consistency (OS), which is calculated by the division of the IC on the random index of SI), where C is a table value for the matrix of this order. The value of the OS, smaller or equal to 0.10, will be considered acceptable.

The matrix is \u200b\u200bbuilt, and the pyt sizes are determined as follows: P is the number of alternatives (DBMS considered), T is the number of criteria for which alternatives are compared.

Priority vectors, counted for all the tables obtained, are written in the column matrix.

Next, the matrix of pairwise comparisons of the criteria is built. This task is ambiguous, since for different organizations, the importance of one or another criterion is determined in different ways, depending on the specific requirements and capabilities. For this matrix, the same indicators are considered as for the matrix of pair comparisons alternatives, thus we obtain the vector of scales of the criteria.

To get the overall ranking of the DBMS, multiply the matrix and on the right to the transposed vector column of the scales of the criteria. As a result, we have a result of all the DBMS considered.

Alternatively, consider the following DBMS:

3) Microsoft. SQL Server

Information about the subdum under consideration is given in Table. 4.1.

Table 4.1 Database Information

The SQL kernel of the Microsoft Access DBMS typically corresponds to an ANSI-89 encoding compatible with the level 1. However, some ANSI SQL functions are not implemented in Microsoft Access SQL. In addition, Microsoft Access SQL has reserved words and functions that are not supported in ANSI SQL.

Significant differences

Microsoft Access SQL and ANSI SQL have various reserved words and data types. With the help of the Supplier Microsoft Ole DB there are other reserved words.

Different rules apply to item between ... Construction and which has the following syntax:

Expression1 ABSENT Between Meaning1 and Meaning2.

In Microsoft Access SQL Meaning1 maybe more value2.; in ANSI SQL value value1 should be equal or less value2.

Microsoft Access SQL supports both ANSI SQL wildcard and wildcard signsMicrosoft Access specific, for use with the operator Like. . The use of wildcard signs in the ANSI and Microsoft Access standard is mutually exclusive. You must use one set or another, and they cannot be mixed. Ansi SQL wildcards are available only when using Microsoft Access DBMS kernels and an OLE DB supplier for Microsoft Access. If you try to use wildcard signs ANSI SQL using Access or Dao, they will be interpreted as literals.

Microsoft Access SQL is usually less stringent. For example, it allows you to perform grouping and sorting in expressions.

Microsoft Access SQL supports more efficient expressions.

Advanced SQL Microsoft Access Features

Microsoft Access SQL provides the following advanced features:

TRANSFORM instruction that provides support for cross-query.

Additional aggregate SQL functions, such as Standotclona and Disr..

Announcement of parameters to determine requests with parameters.

Functions ANSI SQL, not supported in Microsoft Access SQL

Microsoft Access SQL does not support the following features ANSI SQL:

Limit To. nN. Rows used to limit the number of rows returned by the request. You can only use the WHERE offer to limit the query area.

Oracle and MS SQL Server - de facto standards of the DBMS of the corporate level. Each of them has their own faithful supporters and tall opponents. Both DBMS perform approximately the same tasks for approximately the same users and are controlled by approximately the same DBA. What is the difference? Next, in this post, I propose an express comparison of the Oracle and SQL Server functionality, let it sufficiently superficial and without sealing in the deep debrist to the level of "lawying admins", but suitable for initial comparison.

Both products are developing, legal jambs, realize successful features, etc. So, in truth, you can only compare specific versions / editions (2 k 5. vs. 10g., 2k 8. vs. 11g.). Nevertheless, if you try to pay attention only to the most generalized characteristics ...

SQLServer works only on Windows (but it can focus on this supply of DBMS - OS). Oracle also releases version for different platforms (Windows, Linux, Solaris, Solaris Spark, AIX, HP-UX Itanium, HP-UX PA-RISC, Z / Linux, Z / OS, Mac OS), which means you can use free OS for DBMS servers.

Both DBMS support file systems and storage. But Oracle has one very cool tool - AUTOMATIC STORAGE MANAGEMENT. The chip is that Oracle -DBA has to be delighted in particular file Systems The OS on which the DBMS unfolds. To help him, ASM hides in itself such features and allows you to work in the standard and usual Oracle-creature (including with SQL). In fact, ASM "You can say" Here there is an array of unformatted discs, you will work with it, "and ASM independently format discs, will place data on them and they will manage them. And on subjective sensations - it turns out much more efficiently than managing" manually "(one colleague who participated in Oracle administration courses admitted that the coaches themselves are not particularly present how this ASM works" inside ").

With ports, everything is clear - both DBMS have standard ports and can be configured to use another value other than the default. The SQL Server also has the ability to start the instance on a random, dynamically secreted port (to find out this port, the client will need to refer to the DBMS of 1434).

As for basic services (in Windows). MSSQLServer is the most important DBMS service, ensures data storage, processing and access control. SQLServeRegent scheduling and executing tasks, alerts, notifications and database service plans. In Oracle, the main services are also two: OracleService and. The first service ensures the functionality of the database (with the exception of various kinds of add-ons, analysts, etc.), the second is a connections manager. There is an important feature - when stopping or breakdown, TNSlistener is all active connections continue to work.

The delimitation of access rights also has an interesting difference. If in MS SQL Server to give the administrator's right, then it can perform any operations, including - to transfer the same DBA rights to another user. Two options are possible in Oracle - the transfer of the rights of WITH GRANT OPTION (with a resolution of further transmission of rights) and without such permission.

Also interesting moments relate to the correspondence of the terms.

The instance is clear - this is an instance of the DBMS installed on the server. In SQL Server, he has a name for which you can contact him (here is still such a chip, as an opportunity to use unnamed instances - only one instance of this DBMS is installed on the server, it receives a default name, and you can refer to the DBMS without specifying such a name ). In Oracle, each instance has a SID, which is necessary.

But with the base and the scheme of things are more difficult. SQL Server users used to the fact that the database is some kind of storage for placing tables, procedures, representations and other objects to which they can access; And that on the same DBMS there may be any number of databases. And when such users come to Oracle -DBA and are asked to "make them a database", the admins are very scared. After all, the Oracle database is actually instance. But "the storage for accommodation ... the units to which ... can access" corresponds to the concept of "scheme".

Next - compliance of states. In fact, SQL Server is either working (the MSSQlServer service started successfully) or not. In Oracle, a whole set of states:

does not work - all services are stopped;

mounted (Mount) is a special state in which the DBMS can go to itself (with some problems), or to which the administrator can translate it. To some extent, this is a safe mode in which you can change the critical parameters of the DBMS configuration. Naturally, in this state the DBMS does not serve users;

run and running, serves old connections and does not accept new ones. In this state, the OracleService service is launched and stopped Oracletnslistener.. Sometimes it happens that the developer of Vasya can not connect with the DBMS and swears loudly, while the Kolya developer works great with it - the reason for such a situation it will often lift in the fact that Kolya has already established a connection, then the TNSListener service has been disabled, and the new connection from Vasi is not accepted;

launched and fully operates (both services are running).

Both DBMS uses their query language dialects. And although they are based on the same ANSI SQL standard, the dialects turned out different, and many of their functions are specific and incompatible. It should be noted that PL / SQL is more powerful than T-SQL.

Management Studio is used to control SQL Server - a large and full-fledged client, sufficient to perform the overwhelming majority of operations of any level - from a simple user to the administrator. In turn, because of the abundance of Oracle platforms offers Web -Consoli to work and administer the DBMS.

The presented comparison pretends to complete and absolute reliability, and the specific points listed only a few selected subjectively. But I hope that in this form information will be useful. If there is a desire to add - u r Welcome!

The market of database management systems ■ ■ According to marketing research, ripped DBMS is constantly growing. Main development factors E-commerce support, support for data warehousing and server consolidation. Approximate division of the DBMS market for the UNIX platform is shown on the upper chart. Approximate section of the DBMS market for windows platforms NT / 2000 is shown in the diagram below.

Development history ■ ■ ■ Oracle Corporation was founded in 1977 (at that time she was called Software Development Laboratories, and in 1978 it was renamed RELATIONAL Software, Inc.) as a company specializing in the creation of relational DBMS and predict how It will develop over the next three decades, it was not easy at that time. Today, Oracle delivers a huge amount of products, services and decisions to the world market, its staff has more than 43 thousand people, and the income of this company, which exceeded $ 10 billion in 2000, is determined not only by the sales of the DBMS. To date, this is the second largest income company specializing in software production.

Development history ■ ■ ■ Microsoft was also founded in the mid-70s. Her story is well known, however, as the fact that until 1987, this company had nothing to do with the production of server DBMS. Now SQL Server is one of the hundreds of products produced by Microsoft. The staff of this company includes 32 thousand people, and its income for 2000 exceeded $ 22 billion.

The history of the development of Oracle and MS SQL ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 1975 - Founded by Microsoft. 1977 - Founded by Software Development Laboratories (now - Oracle Corporation). 1978 - Software Development Laboratories has been renamed RELATIONAL SOFTWARE, INC. 1979 - released first official version DBMS Oracle - V 2. 1980 - Oracle 2 is released for the VAX / VMS operating system. 1982 - The version of Oracle 3 has been released, which has become the first DBMS that supports the processing of transactions and can be performed on different platforms, including on mainframes and mini-computer. 1983 - Relaningal Software, Inc. Renamed to Oracle Corporation. 1984 - released and postponed to several different platforms Oracle 4. 1986 - released version of Oracle 5, supporting applications in the client-server architecture, distributed data processing, VAX clusters. 1987 - Agreement between Microsoft and Sybase on licensing Sybase DBMS (Sybase Data Server) is concluded. Oracle becomes the world's largest manufacturer of DBMS.

Oracle and MS SQL Development History ■ ■ ■ 1988 - Oracle 6 version has been released, and a little later announced that Oracle 6. 2 will support symmetric clusters using Oracle Parallel Server. Oracle has released UNIX RELATIONAL FINANCIAL Applications. In the same year, Microsoft and Ashton-Tate announced the first version of Microsoft SQL Server - relational DBMS for local computing networks. The new product was called Ashton-Tate / Microsoft SQL Server and was a version of Sybase Data. Server for OS / 2. The role of Ashton-Tate was that this company provided D. Base IV used to develop applications. 1989 - Oracle implemented OLTP support, the products of the company became available in 86 countries of the world. In May of this year, the first version of Ashton saw the light. TATE / Microsoft SQL Server. 1990 - SQL Server V 1. 1 is released with support for both OS / 2 and a new graphic shell of the company - Microsoft Windows. 3. 0.

The history of the development of Oracle and MS SQL ■ ■ 1991 - Microsoft got access to the source code SQL Server and started working on new version Product. Mae Microsoft and IBM announced the completion of collaboration on OS / 2. 1992 - released version Oracle 7 for UNIX. This DBMS supported distributed requests, remote administration, supported various network Protocols. In the same year, SQL Server 4. 2 was released - 16-digit DBMS, the result of collaboration of Microsoft and Sybase. In this DBMS, client libraries for MS-DOS, Windows and OS / 2 were implemented, in addition to this, administering tools with a graphical interface under Windows administration were included. Microsoft decided to focus on the development of SQL Server versions only for Windows NT and stop the development of versions for UNIX. In October, a beta version of SQL Server for Windows NT was released.

Oracle and MS SQL Development History ■ 1994 - Oracle 7 version has been released for IBM PC (before that time, Oracle did not consider this platform as a server, limited only to the creation of client parts of its DBMS). In the same year, Microsoft and Sybase cooperation ended, and then these two companies began to develop their server DBMS independently of each other. At the end of the year, the Sybase SQL Server System 10 server was released. 1995 - at the beginning of the year Microsoft SQL Server 6 issued. 0. Oracle announced the release of Discoverer 2000 - a set of means for analyzing corporate data. 1996 - released SQL Server 6. 5, which has built-in support for Web applications, distributed administration tools, the presence of dynamic locks. Oracle released Oracle 7. 3 Universal Server. 1997 - released version of Oracle 8, the main features of which were higher reliability compared to previous version, as well as support for more users and large amounts of data. Oracle Designer / 2000 2. 1 and Oracle Developer / 2000 were released, which significantly facilitated the creation of applications running with databases, as well as Oracle Applications for the. Web.

The history of development Oracle and MS SQL ■ ■ 1998 - released Microsoft SQL Server 7. 0 with a radically modified architecture. It was the first version of SQL Server, which did not contain the inherited code remaining since collaboration with Sybase. It is especially worth noting the appearance of OLAP services in this version of the product in this version (before that server OLAPs produced by suppliers of server DBMS, including Oracle, were sold exclusively as individual products and treated the category of very expensive software). 1999 - Oracle 8 I (Oracle 8. 1) was released, which was largely based on the use of Java: the virtual Java machine is located in the DBMS itself, the client utilities, a installer, administration tools are written in the same language. At the end of the same year, the second version of Oracle 8 I (Oracle 8. 1. 6), which supports XML and containing some innovations associated with creating data warehousing is released.

The history of the development of Oracle and MS SQL ■ ■ 2000 - the third version of Oracle 8 I (Oracle 8. 1. 7) containing Java Virtual Machine Accelerator as well as Internet File System. (We will tell about this feature below). In the same year, Microsoft SQL Server 2000, which supports Web applications, XML, as well as containing many innovations in administrative utilities. 2001 - Announced Oracle 9 i. This DBMS is characterized by new means to provide scalability (Oracle 9 I Real Application Clusters), simplify administration (in particular, to automate server configuration, computer resource management, download and performance monitoring), to ensure data security, data recovery after failures (including accounts because of personnel errors), new means of integrating applications. In addition, the DBMS has an OLAP server (previously server Oolated Oracle OLAPs, such as Oracle Express, were supplied as separate products, but it seems that now in this regard, Oracle followed the Microsoft example).

Support for various platforms ■ ■ One of the main events identifying the further fate of Microsoft SQL Server was the Microsoft solution to focus the efforts exclusively on only the Windows NT platform. You can find a lot of arguments confirming both the correctness and the fallacy of such a solution. As a result of its adoption, the popularity of SQL Server is determined primarily with the popularity of the platform that it supports - Windows 2000 and its descendants. This DBMS is so connected with the operating system that its reliability, scalability and performance are determined by the reliability, scalability and performance of the platform itself, and the SQL Server position on the market will depend on the release of new versions of Windows Oracle's approach to supporting various operating systems is radically different from the Microsoft approach - the DBMS of this company exist for huge number Platforms. Although support large number Platforms (and not several of the most profitable, as characteristic of other DBMS manufacturers) requires considerable investments, the transition to widespread use of Java, which is currently happening in Oracle, allows you to significantly reduce the cost of developing and supporting products.

Desktop and single-user versions ■ ■ and Oracle, and Microsoft make a lot to support desktop versions of their DBMS or apply them in the specified mode. SQL Server can be applied on any Intel-compatible computers running Windows 9 X, Windows NT, Windows 2000, but SQL Server does not support computers based on the Alpha processor (apparently due to deterioration of the relationship between Microsoft and Digital Equipment Corporation). There is also a SQL Server 2000 version for Windows CE, intended for use in mobile devices. Microsoft Data Engine (MSDE) is a Microsoft product specially designed for desktop applications. This DBMS is essentially a limited version of SQL Server, which can be used in Windows 9 x, NT, Windows 2000 and administer with using Microsoft. Access. Like Access on the MSDE market is positioned as a single-user DBMS. We also note that Microsoft has embedded special means to this product that reduces its performance while trying to simultaneously work with it more than five users.

Desktop and single-user versions ■ ■ ■ Among Oracle products there are also two DBMS positioned as desktop. The Personal Oracle product, known for many years, is a single-user, but full-featured version of Oracle, requiring some administration skills when applying it. The second desktop DBMS of this company, Oracle Lite, can be used as a single-user DBMS on ordinary workstations, but in reality it is intended for use in mobile devices. In contrast to other DBMS, this product supports Java language only, but does not support PL / SQL (the language on which the server code is created in other Oracle DBMS).

Tools and utilities ■ ■ ■ One of the advantages of SQL Server is the simplicity of its application, in particular administration. SQL Server Enterprise Manager, which is part of all Microsoft SQL Server editions (with the exception of MSDE), is a full-featured and sufficiently simple means to administer this DBMS. Oracle Enterprise Manager in many respects surpasses SQL Server Enterprise Manager in its capabilities, however, the process of its installation is quite complicated, besides, it is more considerable, it is incurred by all the editions of Oracle DBMS, and some of its components can only be purchased as separate Products. This situation has improved with the advent of one of the latest versions of Oracle Enterprise Manager - DBA Studio for Oracle 8 I Release 2, that is, versions 8. 1. 6 and 8. 1. 7).

Tools and utilities ■ ■ ■ Administrative utilities and other tools for early Oracle versions were usually made by independent companies (produced both expensive products and free), and the main efforts of the Oracle Corporation itself were concentrated on the development of the DBMS itself. However, now the situation has changed significantly, and now Oracle supplies a considerable amount of various tools to the market, among which, in addition to the administration tools, there are means of developing applications, data design, business process modeling, application servers, corporate portal. However, the Microsoft Arsenal also has many of the similar products, however, not all of them are positioned as such (for example, Microsoft Visio Enterprise, which has functionality of modeling business processes and design data, but positioned as a means of creating diagrams).

Performance ■ ■ ■ It's hard to answer the question of which the DBMS processes requests faster, it depends here too much on what equipment is being tested, what is the composition of the requests performed. According to Transaction Processing Performance Council (TPC), SQL Server is now a performance record holder, however, Oracle consistently comes into the top five leaders. We note, however, that such tests can not give an unequivocal answer to the question of which the DBMS will be more productive when solving a specific task: In some cases, the performance of the Oracle DBMS exceeds sQL performance Server, and in others, on the contrary. It is possible to actually check it only with testing based on queries typical of a specific task.

Short review DBMS features ■ ■ ■ Oracle 8 i (in marketing they are positioned as a DBMS for the Internet). Oracle 8 I Release 1 (version 8. 1. 5) was released in 1999, Release 2 - in the early 2000, Release 3 at the end of 2001. Their predecessor, Oracle 8, was released in 1998, but there are still many Oracle 7 users in the world: many of them simply do not need support for large databases and object types, distinguishing Oracle 8 from Oracle 7, as well as innovations, Appears in Oracle 8 i.

Internet support ■ To support the Internet in Oracle 8 I, the use of the Java language is significantly expanded. In particular, the server part of this DBMS includes a virtual Java machine, in addition to the provision of code available on sQL languages and PL / SQL. ■ ■ Created by Oracle Portal - a tool for creating corporate solutions and integration of corporate applications based on Web technologies Created multimedia-content support tools in the Oracle database - Oracle 8 i Inter. Media, which can be successfully applied both in regular applications, and in Internet applications in Oracle 8 I first appeared Internet File System (i. FS) - Java application, which is performed within the Oracle 8 Virtual Java Machine and allowing users to contact with a database as with network disk. As a consequence, Oracle 8 I can now store data from almost any types in Oracle 8 I Release 2 (8. 1. 6) XML support has been supported as data integration and transaction integration tools and implementing business-to-business applications (B 2 B)

Administration ■ ■ ■ Oracle Enterprise Manager In the latest versions of Oracle 8 I, there is a divided repository that allows you to coordinate user access to data stored in various Oracle servers using an Oracle Management Server middle component intended for centralizing customer access control to Oracle 8 servers I maintains indexes based on functions and expressions (this useful feature existed once in d. Base and his clones and later was safely forgotten by the manufacturers of server DBMS; Truly, new is well forgotten old). In addition, in this DBMS, the indexes can be built in the order of not ascending, and descending, and, more substantially, to create indexes in this version of Oracle, the Oracle 8 i table is not required to modify the SQL query plan and save it in the database In many cases, it turns out to be very useful in Oracle 8 I. The ability to create table spaces managed locally, as well as create portable tablespaces, which allows you to transfer data from one server to another without the use of export and data imports, it is also possible to copy statistics from one database to another, which is useful when testing applications

Application Development ■ ■ The latest Oracle versions contain object extensions (in particular, object-oriented data types and the corresponding SQL extensions), and these extensions are part of the product in Oracle 8 I and Oracle 9 I enter the means of integration with the means microsoft development, including Visual Studio Application Wizard, COM / DCOM support and MTS / COM +, as well as an OLEDB provider to access this DBMS data

Data Security ■ ■ In Oracle 8 I For the first time, the concept of Virtual Private Database is applied to simplify access control: Now the data protection tools are built into the database itself, and not in applications in Oracle Advanced Security (previously known as Advanced Networking Option) added support protocols Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service (Radius). This is done with the aim of supporting the security of transactions conducted via the Internet

Oracle version ■ ■ Oracle DBMS comes in four versions of Oracle Database Enterprise Edition, Oracle Database Standard Edition, Oracle Database Personal Edition and a completely lightweight mobile version designed primarily for Laptop. At the same time, all Oracle server variants have one and the same code and functionally identical with the exception of some options, which for example, can only be available for Oracle Database Enterprise Edition and not supplied with other options for DBMS. Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. Full-featured DBMS, the possibilities of which are limited, perhaps only hardware resources. In essence, Oracle Database Enterprise Edition includes all the latest developments for safe storage, processing and final data presentation. Wide scaling capabilities allow you to ensure the operation of the 24-hour database server per day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year, and developed backup tools. Exclude the possibility of losing strategically important information.

Oracle version ■ ■ ■ Oracle Database Standard Edition. DBMS, which has several limited compared to Oracle Database Enterprise Edition featuresWhat is reflected in the cost of each of them. It can be installed on servers support no more than four processors. Oracle Database Standard Edition is the best solution for deploying information systems in small organizations, working groups or divisions of large enterprises. Through the use of a set of distributed processing and replication of data, it can be used to support work in organizations with a large number of territorially remote branches. Oracle Database Personal Edition. Single-user DBMS for learning, developing and using applications in Windows NT / 2000 operating systems, Windows 95/98 / me. Oracle Database Personal Edition for Windows NT / 2000, has all the capabilities of Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. For Windows 95/98 / me, these features are significantly limited, which is associated with the impossibility of their implementation when working with these operating systems. Oracle Lite. A completely lightweight mobile DBMS that allows you to synchronize information stored on Laptop-ah and pocket computers with corporate bases data. Access to Oracle 8 I LITE data is supported by standard interfaces (ODBC, OCI, JDBC), which allows you to create applications using conventional development tools.

Administration Opportunities ■ ■ ■ New Administration Features - Server Relief and Recovery (this advanced integration used in Oracle 7 ENTERPRISE Backup utilities), centralized password storage, assignment control and password obsoletry. New server interaction modes - support for queues of priority messages specifying a transaction description or part of it (this functionality can be used by transaction monitors), the possibility of multiplexing sessions, both on physical and on logical communication channels. Expansion of data replication features, entering the replication program interface that allows you to implement replication support with the most diverse storage systems. Support for tables, entirely stored in indexes.

DBMS based portals ■ ■ Internet technologies occupy more and more strong positions in companies, helping to organize important information and deliver it to each workplace. However, in order to put the information space inside the organization more difficult than in public networks. The data required by users for doing business may be in a number of information sources: in one of the existing application systems, on the file server, in messages emailInternal. Each of them requires time and ability to work with various applications. For users, the situation described is the usual inconvenience, for administrators - huge daily efforts to maintain system performance, control, backup, delimitation of access rights, and for the company - loss of tempo, inefficiency and bad indicators in reporting. Technologies that decisive the tasks of creating a single information storage appeared, as before, in the Internet and quickly gained popularity. These are portals, or rather, in applying the organization's tasks, corporate information portals (Enterprise Information Portal).

Oracle-based portals ■ ■ The portal has the ability to store documents within itself, create web-interfaces to existing systems, as well as take data from working Web sites, both inside and outside the organization. The user himself decides what information it interests it to a greater extent and sets the appearance of the portal at its discretion. On the basis of the Oracle 9 I portal, you can resolve topical tasks: ■ ■ A starting point for searching for information is created. A electronic library of documents with a good internal structure, an effective search system and a reliable scheme of delimitation of users of users scattered. information Systems Obtain a uniform interface Application developers get a strict architecture integrating components created

Advantages of using portals ■ ■ ■ User's workplaces are equipped with only operating system and browser, which reduces hardware requirements and allows you to use cheaper configurations Concentration of information from Internet sources in the organization's portal entails a reduction in the company on the company's Internet and enables employees More efficiently use Internet resources using Oracle 9 i Portal effectively not only inside the organization. The product gives business partners the opportunity without extra effort gain access to the required information for the work, and employees publish various materials On the company's Web site, not referring to the help of information technology staff.

Comparison of popular DBMS

Appearing in 1980, relational databases (SURBD) very quickly became the actual standard for managing data arrays. As it follows from the name, the basis of these systems is the relational model of the data organization, which implies the existence of table groups consisting of separate interconnected, tables.

This article offers a comparative overview of the features of the three most popular SURBD: Oracle, MySQL and SQL Server. Such a comparison may be significant when selecting specific projects.

Comparative Table of General Characteristics

This table contains the general characteristics of the Oracle, MySQL and SQL Server

Characteristic	Oracle	Mysql	SQL Server
Interface	GUI, SQL	SQL	GUI, SQL, Other
Support for languages	C, C ++, Java, Ruby, Objective C and dr.	C, C ++, Java, Ruby, Objective with, etc.	Java, Ruby, Python, VB, .NET, PHP
Operating system	Windows, Linux, Solaris, HP-UX, OS X, Z / OS, AIX	Windows, Linux, OS X, FreeBSD, Solaris	Windows
License	Proprietary	Free	Proprietary

Oracle

The first "real" release of SurbD Oracle became Oracle 2. The system was written on the assembler and supported only the basic properties of SQL. All the next 11 years, Oracle was engaged in making upgrades for this flagship product.

Probably one of the reasons why Surbd Oracle has kept leadership among powerful corporate SURBDs for so long, there was that all its updates turned out to be closely related to the satisfaction of the urgent needs of the market.

All of these jaronisms of the world databases, such as "scalable", "distributed", "programmable", "transferred", are also closely related to the Oracle product line. For example, in 1985, due to the increased role network communicationsSupport support of the client-server model was added to SurbD Oracle, and with an Internet era onset, Oracle products began to include their own Java virtual machine (JVM).

Features

As a result, the release of the world's first cloud database Oracle Database 12C (2013 g), has already in the following features:

Improved sensitive data protection algorithm
Improved data compression
High data consolidation density
Maximum availability
Automatic data optimization
Full tools for developing web applications with using SQL and / or PL / SQL
Improved network performance

Among the unique features - support for connected databases and live migration

Microsoft SQL Server

Microsoft entered the SURBD market in the mid-90s in the Commonwealth with Sybase, which has Microsoft and acquired this eponymous product. In the future, both companies have worked together on developments for the IBM OS / 2 platform.

However, with the advent of Windows NT, Microsoft and Sybase communications were broken, as Microsoft wanted to independently develop SurbD for his new OS.

In 2000, SQL Server 2000 released, which marked an important milestone, since it was the first product in which the Sybase code was completely absent.

Features

The latest release SQL Server is SQL Server 2014 in which Microsoft offers:

New memory working technology
Improved performance
Hybrid cloud solutions
Improved business analytics
Backing up old versions in cloudy storage

Mysql

The huge advantage of MySQL, relatively with proprietary products, is open source code. According to marketing reports, today there are more than 10 million MYSQL installations, which is an indicator of its rapid entry into the corporate sector.

Features

Systems such as Oracle and SQL Server are large corporate SURBD, while MySQL is designed to support small and medium-sized projects. MySQL updates come out almost every year.

Rotate for MySQL was 2010, when I saw the light of MySQL 5.5, which had a number of significant improvements relatively with previous issues, namely:

The presence of an Innodb engine
Semi-dimensional replication
Improved data partitioning mechanism
New blocking system
Optimization for multi-core processors

Conclusion

Comparison demonstrates that all three SURBDs in their key parameters are very similar. It is difficult to answer the question of which of them is the best, but this is not necessary - SurbD should be selected based on the requirements of your own project, and not guided by abstract performance and efficiency indicators.