Adding third-level domains (subdomains). What is a domain? What problems can there be?

Hello everyone. Today I would like to tell you about free domains for a site of 2 and 3 levels, which absolutely any user can use. And you will not get some nonsense, but full-fledged domains ru, com, tk, etc. If you want to try yourself as a webmaster and create your own website, then you do not have to pay for a domain name. And then suddenly you try, but you will not like it. Or maybe your finances are difficult, so you want to reduce all expenses to a minimum? In any case, today I will tell you on what resources you can fulfill your needs. Hope you find my list helpful.

What free domains are usually used for

• If you, as a beginner webmaster, decide to create your own resource on the Internet, you do not have to immediately buy a paid domain and hosting. You can practice on free ones.
• In some cases, to promote your main resource, it is advisable to register several others and post texts on them with links to the main resource.
• There are services that offer free hosting along with the domain. It is equipped with constructors, with the help of which it is convenient not only to make ordinary pages, but also to add a newsletter, video, blog, feedback form, even a store. This is convenient for both a beginner in site building and an experienced webmaster.

Free second level domains

Of course, you should start with what is being searched more often, namely with second-level domains. It's always more pleasant when the resource address does not contain any extensions.

Hosting payment

A second-level domain can be obtained free of charge for one year when purchasing almost any hosting for a long time. But it is possible that in the second and subsequent years it will be necessary to pay for it at an inflated price (sometimes more than three times in comparison with its separate purchase). This option is not the best, because there will be no savings here.

Freenom Service

And the first on our list will be the service freenom.com, in which you can actually register free second-level domains in the tk, ml, ga, cf, gq zones for 1 year. But on condition that they will consist of more than three letters, and will not have an attractive name. The service determines the degree of attractiveness on its own. Freenom bills itself as the first and only free domain provider, although this is not the case.

To register a domain in these zones, you need to go to the company's website, which is partially Russified. It will be more convenient if the translator is built into the browser. Enter the desired name and check its availability. If the name is not taken, then to the right of it a button with the name "get the domain now" will appear, which should be clicked. It will change color (turn green), and one more button "place an order" will appear on top.

Now the next page will open to you, where you need to select the period for which you want to register a name for the site. A free period of up to 12 months is available.

Freenom domains are characterized by the fact that the registrant user is not a licensee. That is, the domains do not actually belong to him, there is no right to transfer them to another user. It is stated that the renewal is free. If you registered them for a year, then you can extend them for the same period. There is a knowledge base that explains how to set up and manage domains.

On a note:

• Do not register many domains at once or one in all free zones, for this the account may be blocked;
• If you tried to do this, and it happened (blocked), go with a different browser and IP, create a new account with a new email.

What problems can there be

• The above zones are very actively used by unscrupulous people to create web resources through which they commit illegal actions. Therefore, search engines are often unfriendly to their customers, intensively checking resources for fraud using certain algorithms. The slightest resemblance of the content to something suspicious can lead to blocking by search engines.
• Since the domain zones belong to Tokelau, Mali, Gabon, Guinea, and the Central African Republic, it is conventionally considered that the content of resources should also be oriented towards the population of these countries, being shown first of all to him. If we assume that our sites should be visited by representatives of Russia, CIS countries, Europe, then search engines see the situation differently. The first for issuance to users of these countries will be offered resources from the domain zones corresponding to them. And your sites for key queries run the risk of being "on the margins" of the search results, which few people get to.
• Users do not particularly trust the information posted on the resources of these zones.

Conclusion: for short-term projects, experiments, learning how to create websites and not complex tasks, the zones .tk, .ml, .ga, .cf, .gq are quite suitable. There is practically no difference between them.

1gb - domain names in RU zone

Service 1gb.ru offers to register a free domain in the ru zone. In this case, you will not be the owner of this name. However, you have the opportunity to redeem it at any time (again, 4 times more expensive than it would cost from a special registrar), or get it for free by ordering paid hoster services.

Along with this, you will receive in addition a very curtailed hosting functionality (you will not be able to install a forum, portal, CMS). There are restrictions on the subject that can be placed on this resource. Erotic themes, religious, public are prohibited. You can not post file archives, photo and video materials other than copyright.

By the way, I already talked about this service in my article about. So I recommend that you take a look at this article as well.

Bestof service - for socially significant projects

If you have a socially significant project, an interesting idea or you are doing charity work, then this service will provide you with a free address for the site. There is also a list with certain second-level domain names in the ru zone, which are provided free of charge. Advertising is not placed, the functionality is complete. Your project or idea should already be partially completed, they will have to be submitted for verification to the moderators. There can be no talk of any commerce and profit from the site.

Free domains of the third level

As a rule, a third-level domain is offered together with free hosting. For a beginner webmaster, this is a great solution. Domains of the third level in popular domain zones (.ru, .com, .org, etc.) are well indexed (found) by search engines. Such services are offered mainly in order to interest the paid option. To do this, you are given several days or a month of access to all paid services of the site. At the end of the trial period, you can return to the free option, or pay for hosting services. They can be both quite expensive and cheap with a wide and convenient functionality. On some services, it is permissible to replace the third-level domain with your own - the second-level.

Let's take a look at several services that offer free domains for a 3rd-level website.

Wix

The first will be the heavily advertised Wix.com. If you register there, your domain name will look like this: mysitik.wixsite.com/website. The service has a constructor with which you can create a website in a few minutes. It will be immediately adapted for mobile devices and have a stylish modern look. The domain name is easy to change. There are many applications that you can add to your resource for free: a feedback form, a newsletter subscription form, social media buttons, analytics, etc. At the very top of all pages on your site there will be an advertising line for the service. Some of the services required are paid (adding a site icon). Bad indexing by search engines (or lack thereof). Imposing paid services.

Tilda

A noteworthy project is Tilda tilda.cc/ru. Fast and convenient registration, functional constructor, simple, intuitive resource interface. Your site address will look something like this: project907987.tilda.ws, but you can change the left side in the settings, having come up with the name you need. The domain name will not be very long and will look good. For one account, you can create one project with 50 pages, space is given 50 MB. A trial period (two weeks) is immediately offered to test the full functionality (professional version). It has an expanded number of constructor blocks and the ability to connect your own domain. In the free version, the set of blocks is very limited.

Ucoz

Of course, ucoz.ru cannot be ignored. There are several modules, including a forum, blog, guestbook, news portal, for which you do not have to pay. Login is available using social media accounts. A website, blog, forum is created quickly and easily. Your domain will look short enough: mysitik.ucoz.net. Service owners are actively encouraging paid services to connect. Various advertisements placed on the site of free-of-charge clients are very intrusive for users.

Hut

The hut.ru resource, for providing a free domain and hosting with many features (usually paid on other services), will place its advertisement on your site. For an additional fee, you can turn off advertising, expand disk space, get an additional database, mailbox. The fee is small, but if you count everything in the amount, the service of a full-fledged paid hosting is often cheaper. The constructor is not offered, but there are several installed scripts: site directory, forum, chat, guestbook.

000webhost.com

Next resource: ru.000webhost.com - foreign hosting. Registration is quick and easy, and you just need to choose a domain name. It will turn out to be long: site name.000webhostapp.com. There is a constructor with many blocks and a pre-installed WordPress engine. Extended functionality is provided (database, crowns, statistics), a guarantee of high-quality server operation is provided. A wide range of interface languages, there is Russian. For mobile devices, like on Tilda, you will have to do some block adjustments yourself. On your site, at the bottom right, there will be an almost invisible advertising link to the hoster's site.

Among foreign hosting you can find many decent ones that provide their services for free (including domains). Difficulties only with the lack of a Russian-language control panel.

Site in folder

The well-known resource Google also provides free "domains", so to speak. Only it will be just a folder for a site with your name. You need to log in through your account to the sites.google.com/new page, click the plus sign in the lower right corner. A rather modest editor with several blocks will open in front of you. Having filled in all the necessary, proceed to the publication. The domain name will turn out to be very cumbersome: sites.google.com/view/ site name.

The only advantage of this type of site is that it is better indexed by Google.

Output

If you decide to get a free domain for your site, then you need to choose a resource that can provide it, based on their needs. Convenience and a clear interface are important for beginners. Decide if you need hosting and dependence on it, a constructor, additional blocks (forum, blog, chat, etc.), advanced functionality (databases, scripts, a lot of disk space for files, etc.). The common disadvantage of such domains and hosting is that at any time you can lose them without explaining the reasons, although they deliberately do not set such a goal.

Best regards, Dmitry Kostin

A third-level domain is an independent site that is located on a second-level domain and is tied to it. That is, it is a subdomain of the main resource. Domains of the third level are blogs and sites on free hosting, the name of which has the following format: xxx.xxx.ru or xxx.xxx.com and others. The first word in this construction is the name that was invented by the user, and the second word after the dot is of the senior, second level. The subdomain is located on it. For example: poddomen.blogspot.com.

It should be remembered that by registering third-level resources on free hosting, the user does not receive absolutely no rights to them. In this situation, the owner of the main resource is the copyright holder.

Owners of second-level resources can make a junior resource - a third-level domain, if there are no registrar restrictions on this operation. Domains of the fourth (xxx.xxx.xxx.org) and lower levels can be created in the same way. However, this depth is rarely required.

A serious drawback is that the average third-level domain name is not very popular among the robots of some search engines. For some reason, subdomains are sometimes indexed by them very reluctantly and poorly retained in the index. However, such problems do not always arise.

A third-level domain is most often used when it makes no sense for a new site to acquire an independent second-level resource. It is quite possible to perfectly place a selling page or a subscription page on a subdomain. That is, to make a website with several pages at no cost. If you plan to build a large site based on a subdomain, you can install any CMS on it. Also, the owner of the second-level resource can, if desired, provide subdomains for creating blogs and sites. A lower-level resource can be used as offloading for a crowded primary site.

Before creating a third-level domain, you should first make sure that the hosting has support for subdomains and the ability to create them is included in the cost of services. This information can be viewed in the hosting control panel. If the service is not provided, you need to request it from the hoster. It can be either paid or free. Each hosting has its own methods and capabilities for creating subdomains.

On some hosting services, to create a simple site on a subdomain, it is enough to create another directory with a name like poddomen.yoursite.ru in the main folder in which the directory with the main site is located. When creating a subdomain, you need to take into account that it must have an index.htm file or the site will not open. CMS systems are installed in the same way as on the main site, however, a separate MySQL database is required for the subdomain.

On some hosting, a third-level domain cannot be created by yourself. To do this, you need to leave an application in your personal account indicating the desired name of the 3rd level site. Within usually no more than a day, the administration will create the desired resource. After that, you need to enter the addresses of the DNS servers and fill the resource with information. For many hosters, the ability to create resources of lower levels is initially included in the control panel, but on some resources of the third level it is generally prohibited. The way out of this situation can be the creation of site subdirectories.

Adding a subdomain / subdomain.

How to add a domain and bind it to Plesk Panel is described

Unlike the main domain, subdomains are added not in the personal account, but immediately in the panel Plesk.

Now let's consider 3 options for creating a subdomain:

1) Adding a subdomain to the main domain webspace.
2) Adding a subdomain as a separate webspace.
3) Adding a subdomain as a main domain in an already existing webspace.

Option 1.

Adding a subdomain to the main domain webspace.

1) Near the domain to which we want to add a subdomain, click " Add subdomain ".

3) Ready! Now we expect 15 minutes and the subdomain will become available on the network.

Option 2.

Adding a subdomain as a separate webspace.

1. Create a web space with a domain poddomen.test.ltd:

Plesk > "Webspaces" > "Add webspace " .

2. Go to the domain web space created by us poddomen.test.ltd.

3. Go to the section "Websites and Domains" > "DNS settings" and click on the button "Disable".

4. Go to the web space of the main domain - test.ltd.

5. Go to the section "Websites and Domains" > "DNS settings".

test.ltd... Click on "Add a note" ... In field "Record type" choose "A", in field "domain name" indicate " poddomen", in field "IP address" poddomen.test.ltd "domain name" www. poddomen

Option 3.

Adding a subdomain as a main domain in an already existing webspace.

1. In the existing web space, in the section "Websites and Domains" , click on the crop " Add new domain " .

2. In the field "domain name" indicate our domain poddomen.test.ltd.

3. Go to the section "Websites and Domains" > "DNS settings" and click on the button "Disable".

4. Go to the domain webspace test.ltd.

5. Go to the section "Websites and Domains" > "DNS settings" .

6. The DNS setting for the domain zone will open test.ltd... Click on "Add a note" ... In field "Record type" choose "A", in field "domain name" indicate " poddomen", in field "IP address" specify the IP address of your server. Further, if we need to refer to the domain using the www prefix (www. poddomen.test.ltd), then add an additional record in the same way, specifying in the field "domain name" www. poddomen... Next, we save the changes and the DNS record will be successfully updated on the primary DNS servers.

Domain level - the location of a domain in the hierarchical structure of domain names on the Internet.

Domain is the site address or the name of the zone. All computers on a network are identified by an IP address as a sequence of numbers. It is important to know this address to access the server. But on one server of the hosting provider (on one IP-address) 1000 sites can be hosted.

To find the site you need created a domain name system. The English name is DNS or Domain Name System. A domain name is easier for users to remember than a sequence of numbers.

How to determine IP by domain - read.
How to check a domain name before registering - this.

A domain name can consist of a sequence of Latin letters or contain numbers, Cyrillic and a hyphen. The hyphen should only appear in the middle of the sequence. Uppercase or lowercase letters, case does not matter.

There are 3 main types of domains. Consider who can own them and how they differ.

Domains of the first (top) level, what they are

Such domains are also called "first level" or domain zones. These domains cannot be purchased. They are registered and made available for use by ICANN. New domain zones are constantly emerging, e.g. travel

Domain zones are provided to countries:

• .ru - Russia;
• .de - Germany;
• .kz - Kazakhstan.

Or designate the type of organization using the domain:

• .com - for commercial organizations.
• .info - information sites.
• .edu - for educational institutions.

From them, you can determine where the site is geographically located or what tasks it performs. At the same time, the site in the .com zone does not have to be commercial.

Second level domains

Domains are registered in one of the first-level zones (country or international domains). They are separated from the domain zone by a dot. The name must be unique within the same zone. The ownership right is issued for a year, then you need to renew it for a fee.

Domains of the third level

Common domains of the third level - refer to geographic regional domains. For example.msk.ru, .perm.ru. This domain is useful for local sites such as news or city portals.

Domains of the third level are not tied to geo-zones like.msk.ru, spb.ru are also called subdomains or subdomains. They register with organizations that own second-level domains. One such domain can contain an unlimited number of third domains. The user can set up a subdomain in the hosting control panel.

Read more about using subdomains.

Example of domains 1, 2, 3 levels

In domain names, the register does not matter .. Ru - they lead to the same site. For the same reason, you cannot register an existing domain by capitalizing it.

primerdomena.ru and primerdomena.info are located in different zones, both can be registered.

In the examples above ..ru is the domain zone, ipipe and primerdomena is the second-level domain name.

Megatool..ru, (ru domain zone) is an example of a third-level domain.

m.habrahabr.ru - the site owner has placed the mobile version of the site on a subdomain.

Domain names don't have to be short, but they should be easy to remember. Subdomains are suitable for individuals who are not chasing thousands of visitors, or for posting a forum or additional service on the site.

For organizations, commercial or non-commercial, it is better to use second-level domains. They inspire more confidence in users and are easier to remember.

Domain or domain name - the address of a site on the Internet, consisting of characters. The use of domains was introduced for the convenience of users, so that the latter could work not with physical IP-addresses (by which sites are located on the servers of hosting companies), consisting of a large number of numbers, but with more familiar easy-to-remember names. The domain name of the site is mapped to its IP address by the DNS service.

There are several domain levels.

(top) - these are service characters that are placed at the end of the site address after a period. They are not directly included in the name of the site. First-level domains are divided into general-use domains (com, edu, net, aero, int, org, etc.) and national domains (ru, ua, etc.). Public domains, in turn, are public (for example, com, etc.) and limited availability (edu, aero, int, etc.).

are formed by adding a word (or group of words) with a period in front of the first-level domain. The added word or group of words is the name of the site. For example, the second-level domain name site consists of the first-level domain ru and the site name nz-sites, separated by a period.

The choice of a domain name, in particular of the second level, has a direct impact on website traffic and its promotion in search engines. Here are the main features:

• if the site name consists of several words, they can be written in three ways: together (nzsites), through the underscore (nz_sites), and through a hyphen (nz-sites). In the first two cases, the site name will be perceived by search engines as one big word;
• Search engines, when ranking search results, take into account the presence of a keyword in the address of the site - this increases the weight of the site in search results. For example. in the second-level domain of the site, the words included in the name of the site are separated by hyphens - this allows the search engine to select the word "sites" separately from the entire phrase;
• it is recommended to choose a domain name that is short enough and easy to remember - this increases site traffic, because it is positively perceived by users;
• the domain name is unique for each site (there are no different sites with the same domain).

are obtained by adding another keyword with a dot to the second-level domain - for example, news.yandex.ru. Third-level domains are also called subdomains.

The subdomain, as a rule, performs secondary functions (placement of a section of the main site on it, etc.) and is perceived by the search engine as a separate site (if the subdomain is not a mirror of the main site).

It is not recommended to use them as the name of the main site, since search engines do not give significant weight to sites with such a name when ranking search results.

Domains of the fourth level (which are formed by analogy with domains of the third level) are practically not used, since they are cumbersome and inconvenient for users.

When ordering a site in our web studio, a second-level domain is included in.

In addition to the domain name, hosting is an integral part of website registration on the Internet. The definition and description of the main types of hosting is given in the section