Internet by power wires. Internet transmission technology through power grid: equipment and characteristics. Technologies for transmitting control signals and network wiring information

Greetings!
Today's topic about HomePlug AV technology and PowerLine working with it, adapters will be interesting to those who are too lazy to break the Wi-Fi router settings or pull cables across the apartment, but it really wants to connect the Internet more than one computer in the apartment, but That is the TV or smartphone / tablet. And I want to delight you - there is such an opportunity! And we will use us for incarnation of our idea of \u200b\u200bour idea of \u200b\u200bthe usual wiring of the power grid at your home - the Internet and WiFi will be where there is an electrical outlet.

About HOMEPLUG AV technology and PowerLine adapters

To spend the Internet through a socket allows a special homeplug standard device - the so-called Powerline adapter (I used a set from TENDA). More precisely, several such devices are one for each computer. It looks like a small box with a fork - like charging from the mobile - and having a network connector RJ-45 under a twisted pair.

The network work scheme to the disgrace is simple - you buy several homeplug adapters - as much as you need to attach computers. Insert the patchcord into one of them, connecting with the router configured to the Internet provider. And stick it into the outlet - from here and the name of the technology ("Powerline" means in translating "electrical wiring").

In the next room, you insert exactly the same PowerLine adapter and connect it as twisted pair to another computer - everything, the Internet through the 220 V socket is carried out. The remaining parameters of the local network (IP, gateway, etc., etc.) are configured in the same way as if you were pulled by a standard network cable.

How it works? The homeplug standard underlying the described local powerline network is characterized by the transformation of the data entering the Ethernet network to a high-frequency signal, which is translated through a socket into an electrical network. In another room, the same adapter is already not clean 220 volts, but a combined signal with transmitted data packets. It remains only to recognize this high-frequency signal, convert it and display it on the network Ethernet port, from where they enter another PC, or WiFi.

This type of connection is much more stable than using a conventional wifi repeater, since the interference is minimal and the signal quality almost does not fall.

For clarity, see the review of the product of one company producing such adapters - by the way, they do all firms engaged in the production of network equipment, so the choice is yours.

Pros and Cons Powerline

Despite the great convenience of such a wiring of the Internet around the house, he has PowerLine technology several drawbacks:

The network only works within 1 counter and only in a single-phase power supply, although only 2 wires (phase and zero) are enough for it.
Supported range is about 300 meters, but depending on the remoteness, the signal is taken worse
When working powerful household devices, interference may be interfered.

And the last condition, which in itself, of course, this should be a customized local network through the router.

How to connect through HomePlug smartphone?

But what's the smartphone, you ask? And, despite the fact that another WiFi router or access point can be attached to such a cable. Moreover, there are PowerLine adapters with the already built-in WiFi module, that is, inserting it into the socket, you can display the Internet through an electrical outlet not only on the cable, but also with a wireless way, which means you can connect to it from any device that supports WiFi without drinking Equipment for relaying a wireless signal.

Therefore, I recommend not to suck and immediately purchase several such adapters with the already built-in WiFi - good, in price they do not differ much from simple cable homeplug adapters. Externally, they can be recognized by the presence of a characteristic antenna, although it may not be - it is necessary to watch the description on the box or in the instructions.

Unfortunately, this method has its drawbacks. First, working electrical appliances can create significant interference due to which the quality of communication and speed will fall. The total bandwidth built on homeplug-adapters of the network is divided between all clients, and therefore the more computers, the speeds and reliability below.

Secondly, the range of the network is limited to 200 meters and strongly depends on the quality of the posting. If the Method most of us fully arrange, then the wiring in old houses without repair leaves much to be desired. But even if you live in a new house, rejoice early. In modern apartments, often electrolynium has a three-phase structure, simply speaking, there is no one in the apartment, but at once three power grids. In this case, to implement the Internet through a socket, it is necessary to install a phase pairing device to install a staircase. But this problem is completely solved by calling a specialist from the house management.

In simple language, it is best to connect device data to conjugate, parallel connected sockets.

Despite the flaws described, it is worth trying, especially since the setting of these devices is very simple and will allow you to organize a local network for a very decent distance. If when building a local network in a private house you have to use multiple repeaters and antennas to stabilize a Wi-Fi signal, or drill overlaps and pull dozens of cable meters, then it is enough to buy an additional adapter to extension.

Powerline technology prospects are also very tempting - because this way you can combine all the household appliances in one smart system with a single control center on your computer - I think this is a very closest future.

How to configure HomePlug Powerline Adapters?

In the meantime, in our real I will show you how to set up adapters to distribute the Internet through an electrical outlet.

The first adapter is inserted into an electrical outlet, and connect to the router to the LAN port to the router. Subsequent - connect to other sockets and connect with computers that will be included in our local network.

After passing through all the purely technical stages of connecting cables and inserting devices in the sockets, we find on their "SYNC" or "PAIR" button on their housings.

We press them in the same time on all adapters and they will automatically be automatically brought together and start sharing information. When successfully connected to each other on the housing, the LED in the form of a "house" should light up on the housing in addition to other indicators. Also, with the correct work, the "Power", "Network" and "WiFi" indicators (with a wireless module) should be burned.

As I said, all other settings necessary for the operation of machines on the local network are made in routers and computers themselves. However, it is necessary to take into account which IP addresses have the default adapter data to be able to get into their configuration panel. These data are most often on the sticker on the adapter housing.

I will give an example - PowerLine TENDA adapters that I purchased, have IP 192.168.0.254. Accordingly, the entire network should have such a type - at the router internal IP 192.168.0.1, and the other computers of the address of the form 192.168.0.xxx, where the "XXX" number from 2 to 253. If you work on the DHCP client router, telling Aypishniki automatically, then simply change the address of the router to the above.

There is also a security issue here - after purchasing the adapter of the same company any neighbor, which is somehow connected with your wiring of the power grid, will be able to use your Internet for free. But this is not a problem - to ensure maximum protection in the kit there is a special utility on the CD, with which it is possible to control all the device connected to the outlets from one PC. Let's look at one of these programs from TP-LINK.

After installation in the main window, we will see the MAC address of the adapter to which this computer is connected. Click on it and click the "Connect" button.

If you successfully connect, "Connected On High Speed" will appear and scan the entire network will begin, and the adapters detected will be displayed in the list below. Pay attention to the empty password field ("Password"). Click on the line, click on the "ENTER PASSWORD" button and set the unique key specified on the sticker placed at the bottom of the adapter enclosure.

We do the same with all devices from the list, after which we go to the "Privacy" tab - it is here that safety is configured. By default, the entire network is open, that is, a neighbor can easily embry on it. But we can make it private. To do this, you need to ask your unique name in the Private Network Name field to activate the DES encryption protocol. Next, click the "Set All Devices" button to add computers available to it in LAN.

That's all - now whoever tried to wink to you, it will not succeed.
On this today, everyone - try, share your experience in the comments. By the way, the other day I ordered myself such a kit in China, so wait a video recruitment about three weeks.

Thank you! Did not help

Hey! Today's article will be for someone with a life revelation, someone will simply raise his eyes to the screen, and someone with a smile in the eyes of an experienced eyes sigh. Yes! We will talk about the Internet through a socket. Yes, not just some special outlet, but about the most ordinary electric 220V. Interesting? Then this review article is specifically for you!

About technology

PLC - Power Line Communication - communication via LEP.

For some reason, this will be a real discovery for many. So it was at one time and me. It turns out that the Internet in the apartment can be transmitted through a conventional outlet. And for this there are many modern devices. But for some reason most of the people misses this technology. The main reasons we will analyze below. But is this Nova this magic?

Not really. If you find in history an analogy, then you can recall the telegraph lines, some of which were imposed in the LAP line. Times go, but no one now prohibits using this method of data transfer at home. After all, in fact, any electrical wiring is the same cable that can be a little funry.

The transfer is not limited only to the domestic wiring. In theory, you can hook in the network anything - at least trolleybus or electric lines. But in practice, this is not yet personally meeting.

NPL (NorRowBand Power Line, narrowband transmission) - speed up to 1 Mbps.
BPL (Broadband Power Line, Broadband Transmission) - speed up to 600 Mbps. It is this speed now and is used in home systems.

The last direction has 2 standards - HomePlug AV and updated HomePlug AV 2.0.

The last standard and supports most of the modern devices. Perhaps right now at the time of reading, something else has happened, but so far everything works fine.

Application

Adapters currently in the market is not so little, here are some popular models and sets:

TL-WPA4220.
TL-PA4010.
TL-PA4010PKIT.
Zyxel PLA4201V2 EE.
TL-PA8010 Kit
TL-WPA4220KIT.

The class of these devices is PowerLine adapters.

The main reasons for the use of such devices:

The need to expand the wireless network to another room, where there is no possibility to carry out the cable or wants the Wi-Fi through the wall.
Connecting a computer under the same conditions through the cable - these adapters have an Ethernet output.

Here is an approximate scheme work in one picture:

Basic connection scheme:

The head unit is connected on the wire to the router.
The slave device receives a network and Internet for electrical wires.
The slave device distributes the network to other devices via Ethernet port or Wi-Fi in case of its presence.

It is also important to comply with the specified specifications:

From 50-60 Hz and 100-240 in usual problems do not occur, such networks are almost at home.
Requires a direct connection to the outlet. Some uninterruptants do not support PowerLine technology, and ordinary network filters can extinguish the signal - the reason to think if something does not work.
Interference can also create and connected household devices into the same rosette - for example, a refrigerator. Check on all sockets!
Declared work at a distance of up to 300 meters. But in practice it is better not to do this, consider interference and attenuation.
In the process of operation, the adapters have a property greatly. Those. I would not dare to leave them in an unjugible place. But these are my personal thinking.

What in practice?

In practice, one availability of these devices pleases. Moreover, you can buy adapters as separately (after all it is required to minimize 2 devices) and ready-made kits. For example, TP-LINK TL-WPA4220KIT:

Included:

TL-PA4010 - the main powerline adapter.
TL-WPA4220 - slave, 2 ports, Wi-Fi.
Patch cords, documentation, box.

Such adapters are enough on the market, so we will not stop on them here in all details - if you chose your model, look for it on our website and read a detailed review. Here is only a brief functionality.

What opportunities we have to connect:

Normal expansion. Connect both adapters to the network, they automatically find each other. On both there is a pair button for pairing, but complete adapters find each other without it.
Cloning network. The Wi-Fi Clone button is pressed on the TL-WPA4220, on the main router - the WPS button. We get a duplicate network. Those. In the second room, even through the outlet will be the same Wi-Fi without changes in the name of the network and password.

For reference. The connection is encrypted by AES. Evil neighbors from that very organization itself will not be able to find out what kind of bad site you visit at home.

Additional settings can be done across the old manner through the web configurator, but it is available only when the wire is connected. Yes, and there is no special need - everything works and without that normal in pure interface.

About "normally": in the process of test, there were no perceivers and noncomfortable. The Internet on the electrical network flew throughout the declared speed provider is about 90 Mbps. On the local network, the speed of colleagues accelerated to 170 Mbps. Those. Even noticeable falls in comparison with the main router was noticed, everything is on the level, you can use!

Why doesn't all use it?

Let's try to evaluate the current situation adequately. After all, what could be easier - the provider makes optics for a single house switch, and then each user gives his Powerline adapter. As a result - no wires, everything is clean, quickly, works. And what about?

Price. Yet such adapters cost a little more than ordinary Chinese routers.
Wiring. Provider is more profitable to respond to his twisted pair to your apartment than to rely on the wiring in our homes (especially if we are talking about something old, with styling of 10 layers and tangle tapes).
Matter of habit. Now, twisted a couple brought in large cities in almost all apartments. Previously used phone lines. Transition to PowerLine technology - new lining on already existing processes of reliable operation.

I will not inflate the topic further. All and so understandable - the PLC technology shows itself not bad. Internet over the mains flies. Devices in stores are enough. And the price segment for such toys is quite pleasant - within 3000 rubles. You can find something suitable right now. On this and finish, leave comments below!

After familiarization with the next material, the joke about the "Ethernet killer", which represents patch cord with the RJ-45 plug at one end and a plug of connection to the network 220 V - on the other, no longer seem so witty. True, the gap of this wire will need to include the corresponding Powerline adapter ...

The famous joke that the majority of inventions comes from human laziness, applies very well to data networks. Since the presence of communication between computers in the office has become mandatory, and Ethernet has become a de facto standard, attempts have not ceased to make this relationship even easier - for example, getting rid of the need to lay additional cables.

On the various technologies that allow "save" on the wiring of a separate network infrastructure, we have already written more than once - for example about HomePNA, involving use, or about wireless networks. The technology that will be discussed today uses to build local networks ... the usual wiring existing in any building.

PowerLine technology has a complex and changeable fate. Several times she was kept a central place in the development of home information networks. Then "Forgotten" about it, so that as the technological base improves the technological base, it will return to return and proclaim it almost a panacea. They did not induce attention this sector of the market. Nor research agencies, nor IT-publications (as it turned out, there are only a couple of more or less serious publications on this topic, but in Uanet - and less).

Partly want to fill out the established informational vacuum, in part in connection with the next wave of commercial interest in this democratic and, at first glance, an extremely simple idea, we decided to continue the conversation started in the review "", adding his story about what efforts are achieved sustainable Work via the power supply. The readers are offered a detailed overview of Powerline technology, as well as tests and our impressions of the operation of devices that are already actually present in the domestic market.

You really do not hold us away for fools.
You are here in the project indicated 70 meters of cable and 10 network sockets.
And we have that, in your opinion, computers are still from solar
Energy harvested? Can you, maybe new drilling holes gathered? ...
(From the discussion of the Calculation on the Network, 1996)

Of this sufficiently comical history, when I had to prove a small company for a long time and reasoned, that the information cable and sockets really need to be installed, because the network of the power supply is one, and the information network is absolutely different, the final question is remembered, symbolizing farewell from The last hope: "So, according to the same wires it is impossible?". If you close your eyes to some "non-technical" formulation of the question itself, this person is quite easy to understand. Only ended the chic repair of the mansion, and the need to work with the Organization with a well-established floculation system, located just in four rooms on three floors, was dictated in a single network with more considerations of prestige, rather than an urgent need.

Is it possible in those days to answer this question in the affirmative? Back in 1996 - no. Wireless networks are expensive and unstable. As a long-standing technologies and transmission protocols for Energy Setails (X-10, Cebus, LonWorks) and many others, with advertising bands promising to "saturate our intelligence our dwelling" and subsequently without a trading in the summer, were more exotic in the domestic market. They were characterized either low exchange rate, or a weak noise immunity, or the first and second at the same time, and scared the unnecessarily high cost of the terminal devices.

PowerLine: childhood, adolescence, youth

... and experience, son of difficult mistakes ...

Meanwhile, the story has kept many attempts to use as a physical environment for the exchange of data "unsuitable" wires. It is easier, of course, operated with telephone "copper pairs" - their parameters were standardized, and the rules of the gasket were presented quite rigid, unified in a number of countries, requirements. Therefore, therefore, the technology proposed by TUT Systems (mid-90s) has become the first viable technology of transmission technology on alternative wires. As it is known, on its basis, the standard of transferring data on telephone wiring, HOMEPNA 1.0, was soon adopted. Let the first version of this standard were not very "advanced", but on the network by homepna 1.0, numbering up to 7-10 computers, as a whole, it was possible to obtain 1 Mbps with a range between them about 100-150 m.

Although home network wiring for a number of reasons to which we will return later, the environment is even less grateful, the idea to use one transport to power the devices and transmission of control signals goes to its roots almost to the beginning of the electricity era. In patent annals of the 20s of the 20th century, it was possible to detect an offer based on "... using the tones of several voice [sound band. - approx. The author] frequencies to enable and disable the wires on the wires for which it is powered. " Moreover, as a control signal in an extended patent formula, an enterprising author "docked" use ... whistle and microphone with amplifier.

But objectively asserting who exactly made the next decisive step "into the outlet", it is quite difficult - the development of technology was a long chain from tactical research victories and strategic market lesions. The conducted search engines were characterized by an explanation and differed in directions: some companies set themselves the task of getting rid of additional wires in the transmission of audio signals, as a result of their work already in the 40s there were various "beabyphones" and "intercoms". Others (this is already applied by the end of the 70s) threatened forces on noise-protective control systems for the supply network, which did not require high metabolism. Third ways of various sophistications were trying to "squeeze" a band, occupied by a video signal (it constitutes megahertz units), in a conventional power cable. True, in practice it often turned out that the economic efficiency of using these decisions was usually imaginary.

It became obvious that the embodiment of albeit, but, in fact, the analog or quasiciferous approaches to the formation, encoding and transmission of information and being connected existing technological restrictions (such as: high cost DAC, ADC and other digital processing path components signals), commercial versions of "serious" devices do not create. This, in the end, cooled the fervor of the skeners, and a good ten years old, the idea slowly "was cooked in its own juice." However, still on the market you can find connected network wires (intercoms, mini-PBX) and uncomplicated control devices (for example, ignitioning several chandeliers), produced by serial, and in the Internet - to meet a description of the original projects and various interesting designs: From amateur (usually using for the formation of a set of commands for the sound or ultrasonic frequency range) to sensors, decoders and commanders for the needs of industrial electronics.

And as if, in childish, it was primitive to these devices with the heights of technological development today, it is thanks to a number of conceptual decisions of those years, we can tell today about the information transfer devices on the wires of the supply network, which in practice proved that they are able to provide high speed and observance of the process Exchange and have a sufficient resource to address device devices. The last fact is especially important when mass distribution, as it determines the ability to unambiguously identify, to whom the information is directed. For those who consider this requirement not so critical, we remind the American joke, telling about how to press the button of the network remote control of the coffee maker (apparently working on the principles close to the aforementioned patent!) He led to the execution of a team to defrost the refrigerator and the inclusion of irrigation of lawns on the neighbor's site.

The period of adolescence in the development of technology is usually associated with a number of conducted in 1997-2000. Experiments on data transfer and votes in the framework of pilot projects of leading research laboratories. In addition to those who are little known at that time of the companies, such giants of the telecommunications industry, like Siemens, Nortel and several service providers of German and Great Britain participated in them. And although the plans were built by Truly Napoleonic (Norweb Telecom managed to conclude agreements with a dozen leading energy companies of Eurasia) and the promises were distributed generously (1.5 Pfenniga in a minute of work on the Internet), the idea of \u200b\u200blarge-scale electrical wiring is once again "not lucky".

Explanations and reasons for this can be given by many: and high level of side emission of devices, and their cost, comparable with the price of DSL and cable modems, and the structural imperfection of the terminal devices, and an unstable working to them, and hard pressing from large telecommunication companies ... All this is the case, but, according to the author, not the last role played by marketing errors related to the peculiarities of the perception of solutions to those addressed to. Recall that it was for these years a victorious procession "Twisted Pair" under the slogans "Fast Ethernet in every office". And those responsible for small office networks, the specialists who have impaired with BNC connectors and end terminators were obviously not prone to experiments with the new and more and more and more sufficiently crude technology that did not promise high speeds and the inheritance topology of the "coaxial" ethernet age. As for cautious ordinary burghers involved in experiments ... Calculation that they will defend a technological decision, let it even be very promising, to the detriment of their current needs and financial interests, as repeatedly evidenced by the history of the development of technology, is doomed in advance - "... Copper Ground and do what you want with him. "

Let the first attempts to put on the commercial basis, the organization of home networks and the "distribution" of the Internet did not lead to the expected coup in the market of telematic services, already in 2001, serially produced devices with a modest inscription "HomePlug 1.0" proved during operational tests conducted in 500 homes, That effective work through the power supply network is possible in 98% of cases.

Fig. 1. Prospects drawn by analysts inspire optimism

Reliability laid in the standard, vitality and quite a high speed, according to analysts, forced to think about telephone companies how hard they hold "their piece of cake", which served as one of the factors of further decline in prices for network connection services.

The provision of access services in the Internet is the most attractive, although not the only scope of application of information transfer technologies for power wires. Today, all the well-known directions, within which the development of such systems seems as a basis for sharing information through the network, can be considered to be conditionally divided into three groups.

The first group. Wednesday for information exchange between control and management of home automation systems

The house, full electrical appliances and welcoming its owners, appeared in the fantastic novels of Ray Bradbury back in the 60s. And still most of us these ideas are perceived as popular science fiction, is not cheaper and not vital. But in the original idea - to link the controller (control unit), computer, printer, phone, climate control sensors and various actuators (like: managed switches, air conditioning, heaters, kitchen household appliances, aquarium and lawn irrigation system) - Nothing suzelic and supernatural is not contained. Moreover, its individual elements available for sale today can and should be considered as a basis for creating a comfortable, autonomous, safe and energy-saving (for some estimates - up to 20-25% of expenses) of the future management system. It can be assumed that as the cost of energy and electricity is further growth, its payback period will decrease. And I want to believe that in the near future, significant initial investments are pleasing to be a serious obstacle to their introduction ...

It is clear that such a single environment, including PC, and computer peripherals, and household devices, can function only if there is a local information network, the main requirement of which is a high and guaranteed level of reliability due to, primarily, the degree of excellence of the technology of exchange data. Obviously, the appearance of interface jacks for connecting USB, FireWire or Ethernet on the kettle, vacuum cleaner, or lamp-shed is unlikely to be perceived by the buyer with joy. Although we will not shut down - surely there is a manufacturer who will manage not only integrate all this in his coffee maker, but also convince the client that he dreamed of all his life.

By the way, it is with the emergence of new versions of information transmission technologies that the process of rethinking the concept of a home security system is associated with a wide range of sensors (firefighters, movements, glass, etc.), monitoring subsystems (including tracking chambers), fire extinguishing and access controls objects. Here, however, emphasis should be placed. While we can talk about "security", used as auxiliary (or additions to already existing, or autonomous), because to connect to a centralized security or fire system, a corresponding certificate may be required both on the sensor and in general on the technology of transmitting this information . For a number of preliminary estimates, the technical parameters of such solutions of security systems (first of all - on the criteria for the reliability and protectedness of the transmission channel) are comparable or even better than that of existing wireless.

The second group. PowerLine Phones & Media

In principle, in the telephone solutions market there are original devices. So, in the summer of 2002, Ascom from Bern reported that he began to release a new series built on the company PLC adapter. At the heart of the Voice Over Powerline solution offered by the company, are small cute boxes, each of which can be connected from one to four voice (or facsimile) terminals and organize up to two pairs of telephone conversations at the same time. The press release emphasizes that the use of new type products does not impair the parameters of the "computer" exchange in the network on the electrical wiring.

Otherwise, telephony solutions are based on standard classic Voice Over IP, and PowerLine adapters assigned the role of Ethernet-to-PowerLine environmental converters, the network connector of which the telephone IP apparatus is connected.

The first experiment on the transmission of music in the framework of the idea of \u200b\u200bcombining household electronic devices into a single home infrastructure is associated with the demonstration of Motorola, Phoenix Broadband and SonicBlue companies, when the computer connected to the power out of the network has sent files loaded from the Internet to the SONICBLUE Rio MP3 player.

The basic requirements for such systems are to ensure a certain QoS and, in the second case, also satisfying the growing "appetites" of streaming audio and video and video information with high quality. They are tougher if there are several such streams or data transmission in parallel with other types of applications. Almost when using the HOMEPLUG 1.0 standard devices, it was proved to transmit two MPEG-1/2 streams without tangible delays while maintaining network activity (some averaged standard "streaming") between the five-six other subscribers. A significant demonstration was a significant demonstration on the last 2003 of the Consumer Electronics Show of the first transmission at the beginning of 2003 with a speed of 30 FPS high-quality video along the Powerline network stand. Wested by VIXS Systems companies (chip developer and video) and COGENCY SEMICONDUCTOR (Piranhat chipset manufacturer). By the way, it is reported that the experiment was duplicated by broadcasting through the WLAN channel, and the difference between the first and second transmission methods could not be detected.

Group third. PowerLine Networking and Powerline Internet

The tendency to increase the number of computers in the house continues to gain momentum, which requires the appearance of cheap and convenient means to combine computers and peripheral devices into a single network, when the laying of new wires is invalid or inexpedient (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Powerline home network structure. Connect to Intranet / Internet

However, the discussion of only one case is to connect multiple devices within one apartment or a private house - the possibilities of using PowerLine are not limited.

The second aspect of the application of the technology "network over power" is the solution of the problem of the "last mile" and "last feet" when connected to the network. Moreover, in 1999, such a solution to the problem was considered so economically correct that the project was "disclosed" a project with a dual abbreviation of Palas - Powerline for Alternative Local Access, designed in every way to contribute to the introduction of technology to the European market. The calculation of his participants was based on the fact that the power supply networks covers up to 95% of the territory hidden by man. The cells of such infrastructure are quite regular, and, and, according to preliminary estimates, the number of potential users, to cover which there is no need to create a new cable infrastructure, exceeds the number of telephone subscribers in 1.5-5 times (depending on the level of the region's telephonization). Experts reasonably believed that where telephone communication was not developed enough, the demand for the Internet connection through the electrical network would be an order of magnitude higher. True, as for the Palas itself, then, judging by the state of Palas.regiocom.net, the work of its members does not differ in particular activity.

The structure of such an informational education may be similar to those shown in Fig. 2. The design maximum strip in terms of one subscriber is usually reduced to 300-500 kbps. At the same time, however, the requirements for the minimum level of information security (mechanisms of user authentication and data streams) - after all, the topology of the educated network is similar to the topology of the coaxial Ethernet and allows you to "listen to everyone".

For those who have the opportunity to Powerline "at the reception" will be still insufficient, it is possible to offer to take advantage of the already tested solutions for asymmetric access to information. For example, from a satellite, the user receives incoming traffic at speeds to units of MBPs, and ground communication lines send a small outgoing traffic. Such a solution to the task of the "last mile" easily fits into the elevated structure and is primarily focused on small companies and discerning private users.

However, and here we will have to make a slight retreat, reminding the differences in foreign power supply systems from domestic. If in most countries of the world, it is customary to bring two phases and protective "zero", then almost all apartments of Ukrainian energy consolments are content with the connection to one of the three phases of the network 380 V and "zero", i.e., if we consider the task of building a unified network based on an apartment building (And the maximum range of homeplug devices allows), then to combine all users to the "total bus" between the "phases" it will be necessary to include the appropriate bridges. Without going into the particular schemery of this simple device, we note that the task of creating an infrastructure can go beyond the simple installation of ready-made, tested and certified solutions in the West. Although with a large number of clients may be appropriate to combine three groups (subnets) into a single network using the corresponding switch already immediately before entering the external channel to the house.

Finishing this small analysis, we will once again discuss that the attempt to delimit services is more than conditional - in the development of modern network technologies as a trend in the development of a trend after an increase in speed is the desire to combine various types of traffic in a single network stream (data, telephony, video). Another thing is that the required bandwidth with all the desired services simultaneously (and it, as it turned out, for PowerLine devices - even less than 10 Mbps) may not be enough (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. The tendency to combine all groups of devices. Will the strip enough?

Finally, those who intend to organize the provision of network access services will have to return to the issue of developing a software kit for remote administration and monitoring with advanced features due to the specifics of this technology. Such a kit, except for the standard network capabilities for this case, should allow:

detect all devices that are online and define their type (Ethernet, USB or PCI card) and a MAC address assigned to the manufacturer, and also provide the administrator to determine and assign the IP address of the device;
conduct constant network monitoring and create graphs of the workload of one or another area, as well as collect traffic statistics on each of the protocols used, to quickly monitor and check the quality of the connection with each of the devices on the network (at the level of the physical connection);
remotely manage customer access rights to the service (to connect / disconnect the user), change the password to create a custom network with your security settings. It will be worthwhile to provide the capabilities to the operator to assign, which of the specific devices (if one client has several) allow access to the service. Thus, it will be possible, for example, to block the installation by the user of any PowerLine adapter acquired by them without negotiation with the service provider.

Running forward, we note that today from all the considered software packages on functionality to these requirements are closer to all the Open Powerline Management set from Corinex. It includes the PowerNet Setup Tool utility, which allows you to find all MAC addresses available PowerNet devices. However, in practice it turned out that it is necessary for her work the presence in the network at least one "native" device.

We still stop at this, providing economists with the opportunity to carry out a deeper analysis. Obviously, the potential laid in Powerline is huge, and as of today, the use of technology can be the subject of business, in particular, for energy supply companies. As an example, the Mosenergo program, conducted in Zelenograd, the former "silicon capital" of Russia, can be given. At the first stage, it is planned to resolve pressing problems associated with the consumption of electricity and the management of the power supply system. The following is planned to provide access services in the Internet, IP telephony, teleconferencing organizations and others.

Technologies for transmitting control signals and network wiring information

PowerLine - Definition and Classification

PowerLine, Powerline Communications (PLC) - a family of communication technology, which are based on the use of an existing power supply network (120 V, 220 V, etc.) as a physical environmental distribution environment.

As existing research on these technologies, the devices already implemented "in the hardware" can be differentiated by the exchange rate.

Low Baud Rate (Low Baud Rate, sometimes below 0.05 kbps) with transmission ranges up to tens of kilometers. Such PLC systems are already used in the energy sector at high-voltage trunk systems for the transfer of service telemetry information.
MEDIUM BAUD RATE, usually in the range from 0.05 to 50 kbps) for medium distances not exceeding several kilometers. Such PLC systems allow you to implement simple controlling applications and are focused on existing network power supply infrastructures (home automation, lighting control systems, organization of automatic measurements, monitoring via the Internet, etc.). Information is transmitted in the frequency band 50-535 kHz.
High Speed \u200b\u200bExchange (High Baud Rate, from 100 Kbps). The main purpose is "Computer" local data exchange. Classic for such systems usually include tasks of combining into the shared access resources of existing printers, scanners and other devices, as well as the organization of the home or computer network SOHO. This class would fairly be included the solution of the entire spectrum of multimedia tasks. Devices due to a number of contradictory requirements are forced to occupy a sufficiently wide frequency band (ranging from 1.7 to 30 MHz) and ensure work at a distance of up to several hundred meters. This category includes HomePlug Powerline devices.

Problems associated with the transmission medium or
Is it really so difficult?

Actually, if you deepen into technical problems, you can try to explain why the PowerLine adapter cannot be compared with an Ethernet card. Do not forget that the latter is designed to use in combination with a designed transmitted medium specifically for it, and it allows it to be simple, affordable and cheap. But it is worth taking the transmission to "non-specialized" wires - and the design becomes complex and notable: it is forced to compensate for its complexity and high costs to compensate for work with the surrogate of network cables.

Consider in more detail. We will be interested in the following frequency band in several dozen megahertz, its minimum value is determined by the informational band that must be ensured, in our case - up to a tent of the MBPS. So, in the network cable with increasing frequency (as, however, in any other feeder), the value of the pursuit of the attenuation is growing (Fig. 4).

Fig. 4. The feeding electrocabel itself is not the best environment for distributing high-frequency signals.

In practice, this means that, wishing on the other end of the cable to accept and process the entire spectrum of the source signal, we will have to transmit its high-frequency components to dozens of tens of time than in the low-frequency part. There are sufficiently rigid restrictions both on the frequency range that can occupy the signals in the cable and for their maximum levels, which forces the use of special techniques to reduce the spectral density of the signal power and at the same time use incessic methods for the economical representation (encoding) of the original digital signals .

The next problem inherent in the apartment network wiring is reflections from the inhomogeneities of its structure. Each number of wiring, the contact group, parallel inclusion and branch of the wires lead to multiple interference of direct / delayed signals and to the frequency-selective weakening. Ignoring light, including something and disconnecting from the network using the extension cords, we constantly change the parameters of this structure, and not only in yourself, but also, to some extent, the neighbor is driven from the same "phase". It leads to this to a fairly well known in wireless radio systems and multimode fiber-optic communication lines with an effect called intersomol interference (ISI). There, it is determined by the multipath propagation of radio waves (i.e., the arrival at the receiver simultaneously several signals shifted by a certain amount proportional to the difference in distances traveled by each of them). As a result, the short pulse "blurs" and turns into a wider or even in a sequence of several, i.e. the transmitter was emitted by one pulse corresponding to the symbol (or several characters in a row corresponding to the information group), a whole series detects on the receiver, which leads To the wrong interpretation and, as a result, - to errors in the transmission session and limit the maximum bandwidth of the channel.

But the total number of different terminal devices that actively affect the parameters of the power network, even in a small house, cannot be given any account. Moreover, many of the household appliances (vacuum cleaners, mixers, PCs with cheap power supplies, fluorescent lamps, etc.) are not just "noisy", but are capable of generating long series of pulses with amplitudes, an order of magnitude exceeding the expected in the outlet 220 V . It remains to add several burnt contacts on the shield and the legendary "Uncle Vanya with welding" to this "electrochat". For completeness, the picture is also recommended that the wires of the network are not only emitted, but they also cope with radio wave reception (radio stations of at least three broadcasting and four amateur wave ranges fall into the bands) to understand that tangle problems over which device developers Powerline beat more than a dozen years.

Oreke hard, but still ...

Work continues and on improving software products. In the joint statement of Intellon and Corinex, I am already promised to a software based on the MIB Open Standard (Management Base). Its use will make it possible to make the installation process more "transparent" and expand the possibilities of local and remote network administration devices based on Intellon chips (Specification HomePlug 1.0.1). Note that since the standard HomePlug 1.0.1 is still implemented by "in the gland" only in the development of the "pocket" company Intellon Alliance, at the moment we can put the sign between its chipsets and the standard itself. In the meantime, on the Corinex website, the contents of the installation CD containing drivers, by PowerNet Setup Tool and the SNMP agent for PowerNet, operating only with their own, branded devices.

conclusions

Let us summarize the foregoing. HOMEPLUG 1.0's PowerLine Device Market from different manufacturers, quite easily finding "Common Language", suggests that finally the technology "cleared" from serious hereditary compatibility issues and came out of the discharge of exotic on the level of commercial operation. It is possible only to be surprised that such a logical invention in the style of "Gol on the fiction of the cunning" did not appear in the post-Soviet space. Although, on the other hand, such a decision due to the "accidents" of the transmission environment requires implementation in the "hardware" of fairly difficult principles and suggests the developer of all production elements of the technological cycle, which allow you to bring the idea to a stage of commercial exploitation.

Although the claimed maximum theoretical bandwidth of POWERLINE networks - 14 Mbps, the actual average data transfer rate was equal to 5-6 Mbps. These indicators are comparable to HOMEPNA characteristics and wireless networks (WLAN) for IEEE 802.11b and HOMERF 2.0. The technology is more simple for implementation than telephone networks, because if the telephone socket is not found in each room, then there is a power outlet everywhere, and even more so next to the computer or printer. For it, there are no "dead zones" characteristic of wireless solutions (when it is not possible to take a signal at certain points of the room), and its organization can do cheaper than the gasket "from scratch" wired Ethernet. Although the current cost of POWERLINE devices in terms of the user is comparable or even exceeds the price of the WLAN kit (Wi-Fi, without taking into account the value of the license), there are all chances that, as the device's release is mastered, it will gradually decline.

For each of the main parameters, HOMEPLUG technology has a decent competitor. But in fact, despite a number of promises to "cheap all" with other technologies, a unambiguous universal solution that combines acceptable quality and simplicity with minimal initial and proportional subsequent investments for the infrastructure of the scale, such as the middle city house, not. In contrast to the already mastered, transmission technology on the supply wires is characterized by a relatively low level of initial investment by saving investments on the creation of a physical transmission medium. Powerline networks are well scalable, i.e. provide stable operation when connecting new customers, the speed of work is sufficient for most practical applications, proportionally decreasing with increasing distance (up to 200-300 m).

A number of experiments we spent shows that high resistance to interference and non-criticism of the transmission medium laid out in the HomePlug standards allow you to consider ready-made devices and as a semi-finished product for developing your own home and industrial wired solutions.

In the meantime, we want to believe that the device announced to CEBIT (combined access points WLAN / POWERLINE, routers and ISDN / DSL-to-PowerLine modems, multimedia players, camcorders with built-in support for this technology, new Voice Over Powerline, as well as kits for combining In the home network of computers, WEB-tablets and MP3 players) are already on the way to our buyer. Let these devices are not so common so much - this is how much it is possible to judge the results of trial operation, just a matter of time ...

Modern society simply cannot be submitted without the Internet. It has a lot of important functions. With the help of a network, schoolchildren and students are preparing for classes, teachers share experiences, teenagers communicate with each other, adults get acquainted and create families. All these questions can solve the Internet. A person simply does not represent a life without a network.

The Internet connection through the outlet received sufficient distribution abroad. Russian providers do not really want to deal with the package of documents to provide the electricity provider to allow the network to use the network by means of its system.

This type of compound has its drawbacks and advantages that attract new users, and repel from its use.

PLC (English Power Line Communication) is a term, with which a description of several systems for using the power line (LEP), by transmitting audio information, as well as data. Sound signals and data can be transmitted to this network. This is performed by overlapping an analog signal to a standard current, variable in size and direction over time. The current that has a frequency of 50 Hz.

The PLC includes BPL (eng. Broadband Over Power Lines, which is a broadband transmission using power lines), which provides data transmission whose speed does not exceed 500 Mbps, and NPL (English Narrowband Over Power Lines, representing a narrowband transmission by The means of the power line, the data transfer rate is significantly less than the previous ones, that is, up to 1 Mbps.

Even during the origin of the energy sector, the problem of transmitting information between energy supplies was faced. For these purposes, telegraph and telephone lines were used, which were laid in parallel with power lines. However, a little later, such construction began to be considered irrational and in the United States received its development practice of transmitting such information directly with the help of LPP wires.

Note! The same information transmission system has become relevant for alternating current circuits.

What is PowerLine Adapters

PowerLine Adapters are a special line of devices to expand the capabilities of Wi Fi networks. The principle of operation of the adapter:

when they are assisted, the signal is received, which comes from the router when connecting over the wire. To do this, they are installed at close range from the source;
decoded this signal in order to transfer the Internet by electrical network;
when the transmitted signal is released, the reverse process produces and transmits it to an Internet consumer by cable connection or using Wi Fi. Such technology is called Wi-Fi through a power outlet.

Note! Such devices are produced by practical all manufacturers of equipment for the network.

Along with the devices that are produced for standard use of the Internet, great importance is given to the production of equipment for an alternative Internet connection. These are such well-known companies: ASUS, D-LINK, TP-LINK, EDIMAX.

Who can use it

Internet on wires 220 volts are recommended for those consumers of IP television and other services that are very important than the connection speed. When laying additional cable networks, the speed loss occurs, therefore, when using this method, the connection is excluded additional costs of the wire laying and the inconvenience is avoided, which can be caused by this process.

Note! This transmitter will be very useful in those places where the label of the local network is categorically impossible or simply undesirable, and the Wi Fi network does not give sufficient quality of services provided by the provider.

How it works

Independently PowerLine adapters are not intended to convert the Internet signal from the provider. He acts as an extension agent, which helps to expand the network action within the dwelling. That is, the Internet to the apartment comes with a modem or an Internet center. And then the house is different between consumers using HomePlug AV. Thus, the Internet through a socket can be delivered to any of the rooms.

Important! HOMEPLUG AV is not a device for transmitting the signal, it only serves as an extension for the signal propagation.

The outlets in the house have a connection between themselves. Each of them is suitable electrical wire from a common source. This technology allows you to transfer the Internet by wires between all points of the electrical circuit. The maximum distance to which the signal can be transmitted using the adapter is 300 meters.

Note! Walls and overcesses do not create interference to pass the signal.

There is an option when PowerLine adapters are connected in different rooms, you can connect to the Internet center in one room and to the IPTV receiver to another, and view your favorite video without creating an excess cable network and any kind of additional settings.

Specifications

Internet technology for 220 volts and equipment for its connection has the following basic characteristics:

the maximum range of the signal is 300 meters;
resistant speed of at least 40 Mbps, and it does not decrease depending on the presence or absence of obstacles in the form of walls;
there is no limitation of the speed of multicast streams;
the network topology is similar to a tire organization, that is, two devices interact in the shortest path between them.
the frequency range that is characteristic of this type of device is within 1.8-30 MHz and is characterized by 917 carrier frequencies and 155 existing;
it has the ability to use up to 64 devices owned by one network;
maximum throughput is a value of 200 Mbps;
works through a single-phase current counter;
the Internet on the mains can be used in the presence of any type of electrical wiring (aluminum or copper).

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of this type of Internet on the electrical network and its equipment are the following:

the presence of a large number of household appliances will not affect the operation of the adapter, from its operation the speed of Internet receipt over the network 220 will not be less specified in the main characteristics;
passage of data without delays that occur when passing through cable wired networks or on Wai Fay;
there is no need to carry out a cable that can cause additional costs due to its laying;
acceptable use price;
indoors can simultaneously operate up to four networks;
the speed of work does not depend on the type of electrical wiring.

The disadvantages are some of the following circumstances:

one device cannot act as a repeater between two others as the same, that is, due to such a combination, there is no possibility of increasing the limiting distance of the Internet over the electrical wiring;
electric wiring, especially in houses of a fairly early year, the construction may not be high-quality to transfer the Internet through the power supply, therefore, this technology is most relevant for use in new buildings;
possible stress interruptions from a large number of working devices. In this case, it is recommended to use special filters that will get rid of the consumer from a similar kind of trouble;
for the Internet provider through a socket 220, it is very difficult to arrange documented. In the organization of power supply, it is necessary to provide all the necessary documentation for the provided service and obtain permission to supply it.

Description of the PLC adapter on the example of TP-LINK TL-PA2010

Specifications: HOMEPLUG AV standard, maximum data transfer rate 200 Mbps, has a compact design (has almost the smallest size in the market), the area of \u200b\u200baction is 300 meters, does not require a special setting, the energy-saving mode of operation, the panel has a single button for Setting a 128-bit encryption algorithm, supports IGMP protocol, optimized operation with digital television (IPTV).

Note! The appearance is quite compact and externally attractive, has a white color, three green indicators are located on the front panel. When working does not make practically no noise.

Setting up the PLC adapter on the example of the model from TP-LINK

This adapter has no own IP address. To configure it, use a special disk that comes in the kit. Installation occurs very simply and practically does not require external intervention. To do this, you just need to click on the request with the word further. This word will be indicated in English Next. After that, the adapter is connected to a power outlet and to a computer or other device using a cable.

In the process of installing the program on the computer screen, the utility label will occur to run. By default, the Network window opens. It will be empty since the connection has not yet happened.

Note! At the next stage, the firmware is updated, which will help get rid of existing errors.

To overlashing, go to the "Status" tab and check the version that is characteristic of the installed firmware. If the firmware is updated to the latest version, then the transition to the TP-LINK website and the newest version is downloaded. Downloading occurs fairly quickly, and the file is archived. After opening the downloaded archive, the System tab is launched and the UPGRADE Firmware button is pressed.

The NVM field is filled with an indication of the path to the unzipped folder in which the new firmware is located, the file having an NVM extension is selected. Exactly the same actions are carried out with the PIB field, only the PIB extension is now indicated. After all the actions made, the "OK" button is pressed. The firmware process will start the specified actions, which in a couple of minutes will establish a new version.

After updating the adapter is ready for operation. To do this, it is connected to the network and to the router, and the second is connected to the network and to the device, with which the Internet will be released.

Important! The flashing must be carried out on all adapters that will be used. If somewhere new firmware will not have the place, the device will not be able to work.

To add an additional device to the network, you need to connect both adapters to the outlet. Next, the PAIR button is pressed on one of them. This button holds for 1 second. On the second device, the same must be done no later than 2 seconds after connecting the first. When adding the following devices, the same sequence of actions is done. These actions establish a secure connection between devices.

Important! Connecting the adapter occurs exclusively into the socket, since if it is connected to the extension cord, then the data rate of dual data will be much less than the installed technical characteristics.

Installation completed. The device can be fully operated.

The choice of which kind of connection is to choose only for the consumer. But, before you do it, you need to carefully weigh the CE for and against, and then choose a really worthwhile offer.

Electrical Wiring Technologies for PLC (Powerline Communication) or DPL (DIGITAL POWERLINE) began to be developed for quite a long time (even in Russia in the 30s of the last century on the Kashira power line conducted studies of data exchange on ordinary power supply wires), but engineers For a long time could not overcome the problem of attenuation of the signal caused by interference on the line (any electrical wiring is characterized by a high level of noise and rapidly attenuation of the high-frequency signal, as well as a significant change in the communication parameters of the line, depending on the current load). Later, these problems were successfully solved through the use of broadband signal modulation algorithms (for example, PLC technology has long been used to transmit information and technical data in power systems and on railways), however, equipment for transmitting data on electrical networks remained quite expensive, so the data is widely distributed Technologies have not received for a long time. After all, a decisive role in the success of any technology is played by an economic factor - for the commercial success of development it is necessary that the equipment is reliable and multifunctional, ensuring a sufficiently high transmission rate and remained relatively inexpensive.

And today, in the market, inexpensive equipment, which meets all these requirements, and consider that the number of electrical outlets is still significantly superior to the number of telephone (especially in our country, where telephonization is still not a necessary attribute in the construction of houses), That PLC technology receives almost unlimited development opportunities. It is these considerations that the developers of the equipment for transmitting data over the lines of electrical wiring were guided. The power supply lines are everywhere, even in the most remote corners of the globe, so that this technology does not require the laying of additional communications (and in some places of new cables at all undesirable or simply impossible), which significantly reduces its cost and increases functionality.

Obviously, in the new millennium, the technology of transmission technology of digital traffic on the lines of electrical network becomes one of the most promising areas of development in the provision of communication services - a wide prevalence of electrical networks, their availability and multifunctionality opens up rich opportunities for using PLC.

Homemade wireless networks

If there are several network devices in the house (desktop, laptop, media server, game console, photo frame, etc.), naturally, the need to exchange data between them arises, while the traditional solution is to combine such devices to the local network, as it opens The possibility is not only data exchange (which could be done with the help of external media), but also accessing the Internet, watching video or network games. Moreover, it is desirable that the local network is easily scaled to be easily scaled, that is, in the future new devices can connect to it, and its configuration could be changed without additional investments. Traditionally, home networks are organized by the installation of Ethernet cables (twisted pairs) or by using wireless networks based on the 802.11 b / g protocol. However, each of these approaches has their own as indisputable advantages and substantial disadvantages.

Yes, when combining computers in the home network using a twisted pair based on the Ethernet protocol, we get a speed-based reliable network with a high level of noise immunity. And financial costs seem to be small - taking into account the availability of almost all modern computers of the network controller, we must acquire only a network switch and cable. However, the gas cable laying creates serious inconveniences in any house, and sometimes it is in general a difficult problem. After all, a rare hostess in the modern house favorably reaches the emergence of new wires. In addition, in the case of a wired local network laying, each workplace is "tied" to a power outlet and in case of redevelopment of the room, you need to lay the local network almost again. And this is impossible without carrying out repair and construction works of a scale, so the problem of laying a wired network is exacerbated by the year from year to year, especially due to the steady increase in prices for building materials.

Of course, more convenient to use wireless technology to build a home network, because then we can get rid of us from bringing us to a certain place of wires and get much more mobility, but this approach is not deprived of serious flaws. For example, if in the Ethernet wired network, the distance between nodes can reach 100 m, then Wi-Fi wireless networks work on much smaller distances. At the same time, the radius of the wireless networks strongly depends on the obstacles occurring on the path, for example, reinforced concrete structures, which absolutely do not let the waves of the range of 2.4 GHz. So modern houses are far from the best place to establish record ranges of this kind of devices. And if within one apartment, 802.11 b / g wireless networks can be considered a very effective solution, then the connection with friends living even in the next apartment for the capital wall may well be unstable or even at all impossible. In addition, to receive IP-television and high-definition video at an arbitrary point of the house Wireless standards of the 802.11 family and even the new version of 802.11n are not adapted - transfer of broadcast video content (Multicast) provided by IPTV operators, it is not provided for them.

Electricity high permission

But, for example, the range of the network of electrical wires in the HomePlug AV standard, which refers to the PLC technique family using the most common wiring as a network medium, reaches 300 m and does not depend on the number and thickness of the flooring indoors. Even in distressed cases, the HOMEPLUG AV technology provides a real speed of not lower than 40 Mbps. Moreover, the main advantage of such a solution is the absence of the need to lay additional cables to connect network equipment - enough so that the room has electrical wiring (network 220 V). Thus, digital networks on telecommunication lines can be the only alternative to direct Ethernet connection when viewing, for example, digital video without delays and loss of quality simultaneously with data transfer.

Moreover, under the conditions of modern dwelling, building a home local network on PLC technologies may be more preferable than alternative options. The last one is the third version of the homeplug AV home networks in the HOMEPLUG electrophores provides data transmission at a speed of up to 200 Mbps and can be used as a convenient channel to transmit high definition television signal (HDTV), IPTV, Internet and IP telephony (VoIP ). Abbreviation AV indicates a multimedia orientation - the specialization of the transmission over the electrical wires of the audio and video content in real time.

Equipment for transmitting data on electrical wiring

One of the main manufacturers of HOMEPLUG AV is ZyXEL. The device line in which the idea of \u200b\u200btransmitting data on the HOMEPLUG AV electroplux is implemented, consists of the P660HWP Internet Center and the HOMEPLUG AV POWERLINE adapters and PLA470. The P660HWP Internet Center is a universal device that serves to connect to the Internet and IP television over the dedicated ADSL channel with the ability to create a home network not only by Ethernet and Wi-Fi, but also through the usual electrical wiring using HomePlug AV technology. Having a built-in HOMEPLUG AV adapter, the P660HWP Internet Center is the connected element of the electrical wiring network, and the PLA400 and PLA470 adapters allow you to dilute the local network in the apartment, while ensuring quite high speed and allow you to connect a personal computer with any other network devices in other rooms. Using adapters, you can transmit audio and video signals, IP telephony and data on conventional electrical pipelines and create inexpensive home local networks. Thus, you can combine various devices in the house into a single multimedia space, and without making any additional communications.

The PLA400 model is equipped with a single port of Ethernet, and the PLA470 is a built-in 4-port switch, which allows you to connect multiple network devices through one electrical outlet, such as a computer and a gaming console.

HomePlug AV Adapter PLA400 (with one Ethernet port) Sale in Russia for 2000-2200 rubles. (less than 100 dollars), PLA470 (with a 4-port Ethernet switch) is now in retail, about 2500-2700 rubles. (up to $ 110), and the P660HWP Internet Center with the built-in HOMEPLUG AV adapter, the 4-port Ethernet switch and Wi-Fi 802.11g access point for sale at 4,400-5000 rubles.

Following the testing of this equipment in the conditions of the usual Moscow wiring, it was not possible to achieve 200 Mbit / s, of course, it was not possible (the connection was set at 50 Mbps with minor drops when domestic electrical appliances), but high resolution video was transmitted by electrical circuit without failures and distortion. That is, until the speed of 100 megabit ethernet network, this technology does not reach, but WiFi 802.11g wireless network is significantly ahead.

It is especially important that all homeplug AV adapters have built-in QUALITY OF SERVICE support mechanisms (QoS), which provides a guaranteed bandwidth required when transmitting voice, sound, video and data encryption for secure information transmission (information is reliably protected from listening and intercepting the protocol AES with a 128-bit key). All this works great and no complaints cause, and the influence of interference created by various household appliances on the communication line established between the two PCs using the HOMEPLUG AV adapters, in practice it turned out minimal (as it turned out, neither a working drill, nor luminescent lamps with pulsed converters substantially The impact on the quality of data transmission does not provide). The process of installing the above-mentioned devices is extremely simple and will not cause questions even from unprepared users. Setting up the P660HWP Internet Center and HomePlug AV adapters to connect to the Internet and IP television is made using the ZyXEL NetFriend program. To configure the equipment with the help of a "network friend", you will need a minimum skill and about 10 minutes of time. It will only be necessary to choose your city, provider and a tariff plan. The remaining settings such as Wi-Fi and IPTV are already at will.

When using IPTV services to the ZyXEL P660HWP Internet center, you must connect the television console, select the desired tariff and specify the program to the port to which you have connected the prefix. And if the prefix connects to the PLA400 or PLA470 adapter through the wiring, then with the help of the same program you need to select HomePlug AV. Adapters also do not require the user any special knowledge for installation and settings - on the household level HOMEPLUG AV can be represented simply as an Ethernet network extension.

Thus, this technology and its implementation in the devices from ZyXEL can be recommended as an alternative to traditional technologies where the latter disadvantages listed above becomes difficult, costly or simply inconvenient.