Troubleshooting a computer - algorithm of actions in difficult situations. Incorrect sound settings

Survey and troubleshoot electrical wiring.

Banal wiring malfunction can deliver a lot of trouble. First of all, these are some material costs, secondly loss of time and other inconveniences. But not always in such cases requires the help of a specialist. Often, eliminate malfunction, quite possible by own forces. But if you are not sure about your abilities, also not trouble, the electrician will cope with it without difficulty.

· First - no contact where it should be.

· The second - there is a contact where it should not be.

· Third - exceeding the permissible load.

As a special case of the first fault, you can consider the breakdown, a contact violation in the electrical wiring. For the second case, short circuit in the electrical wiring are characteristic. In the third case, it will be a high power of household electrical appliances not designed for your wiring.

Figure 1. The most common causes of electrical wiring faults.

1. Mailing contacts on the circuit breaker.

2. Mailing contacts in the outlet or switch.

3. Melting contacts in the branch boxes.

4. There is no contact in the cartridge or in a twist, or in the chandelier chandelnik.

There are completely anecdotic cases when the electrical wiring malfunction is enough just to tighten the cork fuses or turn off the extension electrical appliances causing the disconnection of group machines. But let's figure it out in all this.

Sometimes the circuit breakers in the shield are disabled at all due to a malfunction in the wiring, but due to the short circuit in household electrical appliances. For example, it happens, the fork is closed at the kettle or somewhere is transmitted wire. To eliminate this option and do not sin on wiring, you need to turn off the electrical appliances that cause suspicion and try to turn on the machine. If the machine is turned on, and the voltage appeared, it means that the case is not in the wiring, but some electrical appliances are faulty.

For my many years of experience, I developed a certain methodology, which you will tell you now. Looking for a fault you need to start with the reasons that most often occur in the home wiring. And also start with simple and exclusion method to move to more complex.

Figure 2. Priority of actions when finding a fault of the electrical wiring of the apartment.

First of all, when the electricity is disconnected, it is necessary to check the availability of voltage in the apartment electricity. If there is no voltage and neighbors on the floor, then the problem is not on your side. If the voltage is needed to pay attention to group automatic switches and their contacts they should not be melted. If there are disconnected machines, then somewhere in the apartment there was a short circuit, or a permissible load was exceeded. If all circuit breakers are turned on, but there are no voltages in the apartment, it means you need to look for a break or bad contact.

We go to the apartment with the next step and turn off the household electrical appliances that remained without tension (pull the plug out of the outlet) After all, the place of short circuit may be in them, and not in the wiring. We try to turn on the machine, if it turned on, it means that the reason was really in some of the electrical appliances. If not, continue the search. Remove all the bulbs and inspect the cartridges for a short circuit. If nothing has found mean, then disconnect all chandeliers and lamps from the terminal shoes. We try to turn on the machine. Turn off? We are looking for on!

A specific fault site, both cliff and short circuit, can often be detected at visual inspection of electrical wiring. To pay attention to this, first of all, it is necessary to place the connections of wires and connecting switches and sockets. Remove sockets and switches, paying special attention to the wires that come out of the wall. Often the reason for the malfunction can be found exactly there. It happens that the wires are especially aluminum from old age and closed, or simply occur. Damage and charging of isolation, melting and curtain wires indicate the local heating of the wire due to weak contact.

Figure 3. The wire burned down on the rosette. Short closure in the chandelier cartridge.

If the above methods did not help detect a malfunction in the electrical wiring of the apartment, a short circuit, or a break, then you need to explore the branch boxes. These boxes are usually 15 cm. Down from the ceiling level. You can find them under the wallpapers you can face the wall in the estimated places of their location. Open the box you need to inspect the contacts. The charred contacts may indicate both a breakdown and short circuit. If we are looking for a break, check the presence of voltage in boxes. You can make it using the simplest control lamp. Anyone who ever holding a scolder in his hands, it is not difficult to make such a lamp from the girlfriend. Especially since it takes quite a bit, an old electric cartridge, a 220 volt light bulb and two pieces of wire of centimeters of 30 - 40 each. But it is better and safer to use a special indicator, tester, multimeter. Such as in the picture below.

The task is complicated! If the fault cannot be detected, it remains to check the integrity of each wire. At the same time it is necessary to de-energize the line by turning off the circuit breakers or twisting the plugs. So, check the integrity of each wire. To do this, we will need to split all the wires in the box, but before this you need to mark them, so that after detecting a damaged wire, we could twist them, as it was. Next, it will be necessary to "bring up" each wire, that is, to recognize its direction, to which outlet it goes or to what lamp, switch. After that, you can measure the insulation resistance of each wire with a megommeter, it will show which wire is damaged. Some electricians come in another way. Put the voltage alternately, on each wire through the 1a automatic and check on the other end of the wire whether the voltage came. In the case of a short circuit on this wire, the machine is turned off, as well as pointing to a damaged area.

After you have found a damaged wire it needs to be replaced. You can simply pull the damaged wire from the soast and clean it, and then fix the new wire in it. Connect the wires in the box, as they were connected. But in most cases, it rarely comes to checking the wires, usually the fault of the electrical wiring of the apartment can be found by doing the first 2, 3 steps from this article. In 100% of cases, with these actions, it is possible to identify and eliminate the electrical wiring fault.

Figure 4. At the end of the work, we measure the voltage in the network.

In any case, when working should not forget about safety technique. That's all. I hope that this article will be useful to someone and will help in practice solve real problems. And let you in the outlets will always be 220V!

Malfunctions in washing machines can be pretty pouched by a mood to any person, because because of the breakdown, the scheduled washing process is postponed indefinitely. With some species, breakdowns can be understood independently, without resorting to the help of masters, whose services can cost non-sash.

Most modern models of automatic washing machines are equipped with a self-diagnosis system. This means that the user does not have to independently identify the problem, the device will easily determine, at what stage of the work fails, and will provide the information obtained in the form of a combination of letters and numbers on the display.

To know by heart all the codes of the mistakes of washing machines are impossible, but it is not required. In the instructions for the device there must be a table with a complete list of possible troubleshooting.

If the booklet for the washing machine is lost, you can use the tables below with the data on the most popular devices.

The code	Decoding
F01	There was a short circuit in the control system, as a result of which the motor does not start.
F02.	At one of the sections of the control system, the control system has occurred.
F03.	The signal of the start does not go to the heating element.
F04	Error in work.
F05	Breakfast in the drain pump.
F06.	The signal from the control panel buttons does not pass.
F07.	Breakage of the heating element (Tan).
F08.	Error in the work of the Tan, caused by a breakdown in the water level relay.
F09	Failure to work in the central control system.
F10	The water level sensor does not send a control system signal.
F11	A signal from the need to start work does not come to the drain pump.
F12.	Error on the interaction chains of the central control system and selector.
F13	Fault of the drying control system.
F14	Lack of signal about the start of drying.
F15	Lack of signal completion of drying.
F17
F18.	Circuit breaker.

The code	Decoding
F01	Door lock does not occur.
F02.	The drum is not filled with water.
F03.	Plum malfunction.
F04	Leakage in the tank.
F16.	The door is proper, but closed loosely.
F17	Water enters the drum too slow.
F18.	Drain pump runs slowly.
F19.	Water heating does not occur, but the wash will continue.
F20.	Uncontrolled inclusion of the heating element.
F21	Error in the operation of the electric motor.
F22	The heating sensor is faulty.
F23	Mode eliminates the effects of leakage.
F25	The rigidity of water is not defined.
F26	Pressure sensor error, washing is impossible.
F27.	The settings of the pressure sensor were configured, operation occurs by random parameters.
F28.	The pressure sensor does not correspond to the control system.
F29	Flow error.
F31	The tank did the volume of water exceeding the nominal.
F34	Faulty door lock.
F36.	Error in the operation of the blocker at the control system level.
F37	Warm of heating sensor.
F40	Changed the control system settings.
F42.	The engine is in reinforced mode.
F43.	The drum does not rotate.
F44	The engine does not rotate one of the sides.
F59	Problem in the work of a 3D sensor.
F60	Pressure when water supply exceeds the norm.
F61	The door does not respond when the control system is polling.
F63.	Problems in the protection system.
F67	Invalid card code.
E02.	Motor breakage.
E67	Failure in the main module.

Samsung washing machines error codes:

If the washing machine issues an error, you do not need to panic and choose a new device, many problems can be eliminated yourself, for example, a doors malfunction or a plum problem caused by a filter blockage. If you do everything correctly, the error code disappears on the display, and the machine will work as usual.

Main faults and ways to eliminate them

A modern washing machine may not issue any error, but at the same time it will refuse to work. Budget models, all the more notify the user about where the system has failed, since they simply do not have such a function. For this reason, it is important to know what are the main malfunctions of washing machines, from which they depend, and how to eliminate them. For the most part, all models show their breakdowns. equallyTherefore, the separation of brands is not required.

The machine does not turn on

If you have connected the machine to the drain system, loaded underwear into the drum, the powder added and chose the desired mode, but you need to check the adherence to all other conditions. Whatever banal it seems to be monitored by the following points:

1. The device is connected to the network. It happens that the plug of the machine is unreliable in a rosette, then at any movement the network can break. Check how reliably the plug is fixed. In addition, any of the family members could randomly or purposefully disable the device from the network.
2. There is a voltage in the outlet. It happens that the malfunction must be sought not in the typewriter, but in the outlet. The easiest option to check its performance is to include any other device in it, such as a hairdryer that works exactly.
3. The door is tightly closed. Almost all washing machines begin work only after the drum door is closed. Open and close it again, listening to a click that signals the correct operation of the blocker.

In most cases, the problem with the inclusion of the device can be eliminated if you check all the items described above. Often, the banal bases are passed due to inattentive, the user calls the master, and it turns out that the problem could be eliminated independently. If all the rules for using the machine are observed, but it still does not work, you need to invite a specialist.

Water is not recruited into the tank

Variations of this problem may be somewhat: water can not be accurate at all, climbing in a small number, which is not enough for washing, merge immediately after dialing or not to do only in the powder compartment. All these situations occur for various reasons, namely:

1. If you need to check the solenoid valve. As you get to it, it is stated in the instructions for your model. The problem is solved by replacing the valve. Sometimes a specialist help is required.
2. If the amount of water received is not enough for washing, the problem may wage in the water level sensor. To check its performance, you need to disconnect the pressure hose and blow it, if specific clicks are heard, it means that everything is in order. Otherwise, the sensor will be replaced.
3. If you need to check the correctness of the connection and drain hoses.
4. If water is not dialing into the powder compartment, disconnect the feed hose from the machine and clean the filter installed in it.

After troubleshooting, spend one test operation of a laundry machine. If the problem does not arise again, it will be possible to use the device as usual.

Does not spin drum

As the most frequent breakage of modern washing machines, you can mark the problem with the drum. It can be blocked, as a result of which the washing becomes impossible. The breakdown may occur as a result of the following violations:

• the space between the drum and the tank fell a foreign object;
• damaged the drive belt;
• there was a breakdown in the engine;
• the electronic module has failed.

In this case, primary diagnosis can be carried out independently without resorting to the help of specialists. First you need to free the drum from the lingerie and try to twist it manually. If he does not move in any direction, it means that the case is in the foreign object that fell between it and the tank. If the drum is freely spinning, you need to look for a breakdown in another.

To check the integrity of the drive belt and the correctness of its fixing, you need to turn on the machine without lingerie at any wash mode. If the same noise is heard at the same time, as at the complete efficiency of the device, it means that the belt is intact and is in the correct position. If any changes are heard, it will be necessary to eliminate the problem.

Important! The formation of scale indicates the rigidity of water, so in order to further avoid such situations, it is necessary to use a special means when washing.

If there is no scale, you need to attribute the heating element to the service center for diagnostics. By its results you will know if he is working, or have to replace it with a new one. In addition to breakage, the problem may have a fault. To diagnose and repair, in this case, you will also need to contact the master.

Water does not merge

Another common problem in the work of washing machines is the problem of the drain system. A set of water into the tank and the rest of the wash process takes place in the usual mode, but after pressing and drying, from where it has to be retracted manually.

First you need to check condition of drain pipeto which the hose is connected. To do this, it needs to be disconnected and if the washing process is launched, placed in a bath or toilet. If the problem is in the pipe, after the end of the work from the machine, all the water will merge, and the user will only remain clearing the pipe.

If the hose disconnected from the sewage does not even drain the water, you need to check fuel filter service. In most models of washing machines, it is located at the bottom of the device for the disconnecting panel. To remove and clean it, you need to pose it to the latch from below, for example, a screwdriver. In some models, the filter is removed without it, just pulling out for it, in others it will be necessary to unscrew screws.

In the event that even the filter manipulation did not help, you need to disassemble the machine to. If you are afraid to do it yourself, you can invite the masters. In some cases, the problem lies in the water level sensor fault or the central control system.

"A couple of years, the computer worked as a clock, and then suddenly began to behave in incomprehensible way. It freezes, overloaded, turns on from 5-6 times. " Familiar situation? Surely you or your work colleagues fell into such. To return the computer to the working condition, you need to diagnose and eliminate the found PC problems.

The main fault of the computer can be described in this way: the computer does not turn on, the computer freezes, it is randomly rebooted or the blue screen falls into Windows (BSOD - Blue Screen of Death, which is translated as a "blue screen of death"), it will turn off. Consider the procedure for the problem of the computer and the methods of their elimination.

If the computer does not turn on at all, the malfunction can be easily detected by the brute force. In constructive replacing the computer details alternately on knowingly working from the other, you can identify the failed piece of iron. Or vice versa, set alternately details from a faulty computer. The only thing you need is a bunch of work components. If there is no one, then you are direct road to a more stocked friend or to the service center. Computer repair comes down to replacing a faulty component.

Computer freezes

The culprit of the unstable operation of the computer can be any component. If the computer constantly hangs, then the reasons can be covered in overheating or insufficient nutrition. Having also cause mistakes in the program part: malfunctions in the operating system, viruses, failed drivers or system applications.

When suspected overheating, you need to check the component temperature sensors that can be made via BIOS or using the monitoring program, which is very much. For example, you can use Speedfan or Everest. If even load temperature is high, then it is time to climb inside the case and clean the cooling system. Overheating of the processor and other components - a banal "malfunction" of a computer, which is easy to eliminate in a couple of hours, a vacuum cleaner, a brush and thermal storage.

After cleaning the temperature in order, and the computer still hangs? Then the next component that is worth paying attention is the power supply. If this product went with you bundled with the system unit, and it is not the most expensive, and the computer is quite a game configuration, there is nothing to think. No offense is said, but crafts from manufacturers such as JNC, Codegen or similar Chinese brands can only feed the office machine and serve not long. For a powerful machine, you need an appropriate power supply. To test the stability of the BP, you can watch the parameters in the BIOS or time to run the S & M test test.

Computer malfunctions leading to freezes may well be associated with poor contact in the connecting places of cables, loops, memory schedules or boards. Everything should be collected and installed neatly, tight, reliable. To fully clarify the circumstances, you need to disassemble the computer, and then collect and test by adding one part. In such a simple method, find out the perpetrator of the hang.

As long as the "Iron" computer malfunctions considered. And the prefers and problems of the PC are completely arising because of software errors, especially drivers and system services. Remember, after installation which program began, and delete that the program in safe mode. If it does not help, most likely have to reinstall the system.

BSOD (Cine Screen Death)

The blue screen of death usually visits the system if devices or software fails. In contrast to the usual hang, when the BSOD appears, information about the error occurred is displayed. The BSOD error codes determine the computer malfunction, however, often instead of the read text you can see "Crakozyabry". If you managed to read what device the system is complaining of BSOD "Ohm, try to replace it or clean the contacts. In general, BSOD is a topic for a separate big article.

Computer reboots

If the computer is constantly rebooted, especially when starting a heavy game or resource-intensive application, then it is possible to make a power supply in the power supply. As we see, he can not only "hang up" a computer, but also reboot. To recheck that the computer malfunction is associated with BP, and not with something else, you need to run the previously mentioned S & M program in the power supply test mode.

In general, S & M is a universal tool for testing the stability of the computer. Using it, you can check the system both overheating and the stability of the power circuit. Loading processor, memory and video card to the limit, the program squeezes all juices from BP. True, it is possible to burn something. But if the system unit takes the test, then the computer malfunction is caused by viruses or failures of the operating system.

If the computer warns in advance that a reboot will be rebooted after a minute, while it is not possible to cancel the reboot, then this is most likely caused by the action of the Sasser virus or its modification, or the consequences of the intensive treatment of the system from viruses. The position will fix the updated antivirus or setting the operating system from scratch.

The computer turns off Sam

The most likely reason for spontaneously turn off the computer is overheating processor or power supply. Motherboards are followed by the processor temperature and turn off the power as soon as it reaches the critical value. This is overheating protection, the parameters of which are configured in the BIOS.

How warm the chips can be figured out with the help of programs, as described above. If for some reason it does not work, then no one has canceled the tactile way. Turn the radiator with your hands - if your fingers do not burn, then everything is in order. Otherwise, check the state (presence) of the thermal paste. The computer may turn off due to the fault of the temperature sensor. It seems nothing overheating, and the sensor shows incorrect data - it is not necessary to do without the help of computer repair professionals.

High-quality power supplies are equipped with overheating protection. When a certain temperature is reached, it turns off. If it happens often, it means that BP operates in an overloaded state, i.e. We will have to repair or change bp.

The "temperature" computer malfunctions more often occur in the summer or in a dusty environment when the fans are very quickly clogged and start working worse. In the summer we can advise to increase the number of fans or improve their quality. And also more often conduct preventive cleaning.

Some computer malfunctions can be distributed using BIOS signals, as described in the "Computer Fault Diagnostics of BIOS Signals". Something is detected through the stress tests of Everest and Sandra. In addition to programs, a more reliable indicator definition tool is a digital multimeter. If nothing helps, then you should contact the service center.

After that, already rotating a minute arrow, set the current time value. If the clock play a melody or beat more than one minute before or later, you need to remove and adjust the minute arrow.

1. When the clock is started to play / beat, stop the pendulum and write down the time.
2. With the help of pliers, carefully unscrew the nut, which is attached a minute arrow, rotating the nut counterclockwise.

Some particularly optimistic natures see in this sign direct indication: new opportunities appeared before you, more likely act! Mystics consider a subtle mechanism susceptible even to strange thoughts

• Some of esotericians believe that the clock is able to capture someone else's negative energy aimed at the owner.

Attention

If, with the plant, the clock is crackled, the cause can be a breakdown or wear wheel. In both cases, the wheel should be replaced. The clockwork wheel can be overwhelmed; To correct this disadvantage, it is enough to tighten the screws.

The skew or the bendness of the clockwork shaft leads to the same result. Shaft should be replaced. Finally, the mud could get into the axis of the planting wheel.
In this case, the detail must be washed. - If the arrows are tightly translated, then the reason is most likely the factory defect of the translation wheel, which should be replaced. - If the mechanism does not switch from the translation of the arrows to the plant, you need to check whether the crude lever is pressed (in this case, remove the lever) or the spring lever spring weakened (the spring will have to be replaced). - If the plant's mechanism turns off spontaneously, it means that the fixing part of the spring lever springs left the groove.

Types of watch

The clock can be electronic, mechanical or quartz. Therefore, the first thing that needs to be done after it becomes clear that the clock does not go - to determine what type of clock mechanism.

Important

Consider independently an electronic clock, without having special skills, few people are under power. But quartz and mechanical is a bit simpler. The most common cause of their stop can be the cessation of charge.

For example, when stopping the quartz clock, you should first change the battery. Perhaps the reason lies in it. Mechanical clock Try to bring.

After all, you should forget to make them, they will soon stop.

Breakdowns of mechanical watches

If you fail the clock, and they never earned, then the cause of the stop lies in the emergence of a malfunction. In the case of penetration of dust, dirt or moisture inside the clock mechanism.

With the search for generators, there are no problems, and they are worthwhile penny.

However, consider that the efficiency of the entire hour mechanism depends on its own performance.

And one unauthorized element is able to bring out all the device.

The main causes of malfunction of wristchanical hours and their elimination

WIREL MANUAL: The mechanism stops one of the most frequent questions that the watchmakers are heard: "Why stop the clock?" There are a lot of reasons for this.

Here are the main of them:

What are the signs about the clock

• Layer or curvature of the watch wheels - you must immediately replace the wheel;
• Pollution of the wheel system - often dust contributes to stopping the entire mechanism. Watch repairs in this case will consist of washing all parts;

Malfunctions of wall, quartz and electronic hours

A woman needs to be simply listened to, understood, agreed with her arguments.

She is not going to change anything, she just shares experiences ...

her everything suits.d. The fastest car in the world, she was already presented in Frankfurt.

Running at the same time 1000 fireworks from a bike.

Types of clock faults and their elimination

The calendar works incorrectly for the following reasons: the calendar disk jars on platinum due to the fact that it will be able to replace the disk; It is hardly rotated because of the chips or dust (it should be written), the disc mounting screws are not tightened (fasten), too much or too little oil on the pusher pushes and the retainer pockets. - If the watch wheel is clamped with the dial, it must be swam. - If the dial is swinging due to poor fixing in platinum or due to the broken feet of the dial, it is necessary to screw up the dial-up screws. If this does not help, replace the dial.

If the dial has shifted from the central position, remove the feet of the dial and install it in the center.
- If the arrows come into contact with each other, install them correctly. - If the mechanism swinging in the case, tighten the mounting screws.

What to do if we got clock

Info

All watch masters know: the mechanism does not break just like that, everything has a reason. So, what are the main causes of the breakage of the clock and how to eliminate them?

• Weakened the clutch of a minute and drive wheel - you need to remove a minute, press the wheel tweezers and burn the friction petals to the center with a screwdriver.

If it does not help - replace the entire node;

Layer or curvature of the watch wheels - you must immediately replace the wheel;

Pollution of the wheel system - often dust contributes to stopping the entire mechanism. Watch repairs in this case will consist of washing all parts;

The wheels were corrosion - it is better to immediately replace them;

The drum's teeth wounded or cut off - in this case, the drum and the crumpled spring are replaced.

Watched clock how to fix

Beg the spring down. - If the crowning shaft rotates jerks due to the fact that it is bent, you should straighten or replace it. - If the spring does not hold in the width, it means that the dog's spring is broken, which must be replaced, or the dog's screw turned away (then enough to tighten it). - If the spring is tight, you should lubricate the wrench. - If the clock does not fit, it means that the crochet has come out of the hook with a crochet on the shaft of the drum or bunting within the first inner turn. - If at the plant clock the spring first goes with difficulty, and then breaks down, then it burst in the limits of 2-3 first turns. - If the minute arrow touches at one point of glass or dial, it means that the axis of the central wheel is mumble.

WATER OUR: Major causes of malfunction

Change the battery or go to the watchmaker, and perceive the sign as a tip more closely to what you spend time. If the clock does not go and repair them fails - the situation requires a serious thinking.

Standing hours may be a call to stop the cycle of events and look around - perhaps too much in your life goes wrong. Folk superstitions believe that the final stop of the main hours of the house promises death to his owner, but it is not entirely true - sometimes hours in the house stop in front of the cardinal changes and a new stage in life.

Hurry and lagging

Signs about broken clocks or "handing" can tell a lot about our relations with the rhythms of the Universe. Please note how your clock usually goes - if they always display the exact time, your organization and harmony can be envied.

From what kind of hours you have broken, it will depend on the possibility of their subsequent independent repairs. In some cases, this repair is generally impossible and inexpedient.

The view of the clock predetermines work on further testing and repair.

The clock stopped: what to do

1.
Energy

The most common problem of the failure of the clock mechanism is the lack of driving force, energy. That is, when energy (electric, kinetic, progressive, sunny, etc. ceases to come on the clock, depending on the type of hours).

For example, a plant may end in mechanical clock. In electronic and quartz hours - a battery or battery sits down.

In the clock on solar panels - the flow of photons converted into electrons.

If the clock mechanism works, but the arrows do not rotate, which usually occurs because of the frequent translation of the arrows, then it is necessary to replace the friction node (a minute with the drive wheel). - If cracking is heard when the shooter is heard, since the teeth of the lace wheel are broken or bend, it should be straightened or replaced. - If, with the spring plant, the arrow rotate rapidly, therefore, one of the wheels broke in the main wheel system. Inspect it and replace the broken wheel. - If the wheels rotate hard, clinging to each other, you need to check the gaps between them and see if the dust fell into the system.

If a broken spring is broken, which is why it scrolls to infinity with the factory, replace the spring. - If the clock is rushing and an additional knock is heard, this means that the crown spring is too strong and should be replaced.

Primary diagnostics can be made by BIOS signals, which are played at the start of the computer. But for this you need to know the trigger encoding tables. Each developer BIOS (AMI, Award, Phoenics) uses its malfunctional encoding. One short signal means all that the primary test (post) is passed, errors are not detected. Another absence of any signals means that the system does not start when powering and the power signal is applied. But then everyone is different. Read about the definition of a computer malfunction
Sometimes it is possible to distinguish the hardware problem from the software by changing the behavior of the computer after turning off the power (in contrast to the software reset).
Many computer malfunctions can be installed via fatal in Windows, but for this you need to work for Windows. For example, the elimination of the death screen error.

Computer hardware faults, features

Processor malfunction

What features to determine the processor malfunction:

• the computer reboots cyclically
• motherboard does not start
• no boot from hard disk
• not installed, and also not loaded Windows
• sometimes programs work with errors.
• the processor is very hot, as well as the processor power parts on the motherboard.

If the memory controller is built into the processor, then memory errors can occur due to a faulty processor. The defective Intel processor is an extremely rare phenomenon, but AMD burner processors are much more common.

The processor can burn due to improper assembly, if you cut the contacts of the board or processor socket, causing KZ. In this case, the processor is changed to a new one. At home, to determine the processor malfunction is difficult and risky. After all, to check the processor malfunction at your board is dangerous, because the rigorous processor is able to "burn out" the motherboard.

Computer memory does not work

Signs of bad memory are as follows. The computer is not loaded, periodic failures occur, accompanied by a blue "Death Screen" in Windows and applications. It is significantly diagnosed with special reliable tests. Low validity programs work quickly, but often do not detect a malfunction.

Tests should be carried out on the motherboard, which has a memory controller. If the controller in the processor, you need to test on an obviously good processor. The memory test program with low accuracy can only confuse you and take an extra time. Not bad program Memtest.

Faulty memory should be replaced, it is meaningless.

Motherboard fault

If the motherboard does not work, the following signs are:

• the computer does not turn on at all, or turns on, but not loaded;
• uSB computer, sound card, as well as USB keyboard and mouse;
• cold processor;
• not loaded or not installed Windows, the processor overheats.

Elimination breakage: replacement, repair.

Hard disk problems

Signs of hard disk malfunction:

• the disk is not spinning, not detected in the BIOS motherboard;
• windows does not boot, the computer is cyclically rebooted, freezes, slows down;
• regular errors and emergency completion programs.

Hard disks are advisable to repair if the damage is small, or they contain valuable information.

A spoiled SATA cable and bad contact can also be causes of poor or unstable hard disk operation. You can diagnose poor cable quality by parameter Ultradma CRC ERRORS in S.M.A.R.T.
Read more about.
Elimination breakage: replacement, repair.

Another often arising question associated with the fact that Windows does not see an external hard disk that connects via USB. First you need to check whether the disk itself is unwind. If the full silence or heard disk attempts to promote (does not gain momentum), the disk does not start. Therefore, Windows does not see HDD. The reasons may be the following:

• The disk for work is not enough power (insert the second end of the splitter in USB);
• Bad cable (the performance of external hard drives strongly depends on the quality of the cable);
• disk controller in a low-quality box;
• Incorrectly connect - for example, through the front USB connections of the computer, and you need to back to the motherboard.

Here are the main reasons because of which an external disk does not work on the computer.

Fault video card

Manifestations of the video card:

• trash or artifacts on the monitor screen, often before Windows boot;
• the computer is not loaded - there is no characteristic loading signal;
• 3D games fly;
• flower video card driver and not installed, games do not work, "crashes" test 3DMark.

A typical reason for the breakdown of the video adapter - overheating. Critical temperature for video card crystal About 105º C. To avoid overheating, do not bring the card to such a temperature, make cleaning in a timely manner. A malfunction is checked on another computer.

Power supply fault

The fact that the computer turns on and the fans are spinning, does not mean at all that the power supply of the computer works well. It is possible that it is the power supply that is the reason that the computer stopped working. The power supply has many parameters that it must provide:

• stable when the power supply voltage of the computer + -12B, + -5B;
• limited ripples of straightened voltage and high-frequency interference;
• deliver the required current in the load.

If at least one voltage is sitting or has pulsations more permissible, the computer may not work or work is not stable.

Over time, any power supply loses power due to aging capacitors and computers failures may occur due to its insufficient power.

Symptoms when you need to check the computer power supply:

• the computer is not included with the button (the power is not supplied to the fee and fans);
• no download from hard disk;
• the computer is cyclically rebooted;
• when turned on, an error is diagnosed;

Power supplies to repair almost stopped, the standard power supply is as much as the repair and repair. Repair only expensive blocks.

Computer overheating

Often, the breakdown of the computer occurs due to overheating associated with the dusting of the system unit. Dust is a good thermal insulation material that prevents the heat sink. The photo card burned down in the photo, because the computer did not clean from dust at all.

Overheating of the processor leads to the fact that the computer begins to slow down, slowly work. The overheating of the processor can occur due to:

• faults fastening a cooler, which leads to air gap and reduce heat sink;
• wear and contamination of the bearing of the fan, which at the same time buzzes or vibrates;
• fan radiator contamination;
• as well as improper bios setting.

Incompatibility of component computers

The incompatibility of components is a frequent cause of the inoperability of obviously serviceable devices. Most often incompatibility occurs in combination of Intel-AMD devices. For example, the NVIDIA video card was replaced with a new AMD card and the computer stopped running.

But the incompatibility of computer parts is difficult to diagnose hard.

Computer software malfunctions

Half of computer faults occurs due to software problems. This includes file system errors in power failures while recording to disk. The reason for the operating system errors, its applications, drivers, the consequences of viruses may also be.

Probable causes of infection with viruses:

• visiting phishing sites, opening infected letters, as well as downloading infected programs;
• bad antivirus protection.

If you need a professional diagnosis or repair of a computer, questions at prices, through the form of communication. The cause of the breakdown without diagnostics in the overwhelming majority cannot be installed.