Creation of personal information space of the teacher. Teacher's personal information space (from work experience) IV. Completion of a practical task

The increase in the flow of information and the need to operate with an increasing amount of information forces us to reasonably approach the organization of our information space. Folders are the main tool for organizing personal information space in computer memory. They are also a means of organizing and presenting computer system resources (directories, files, programs, etc.).

All folders function the same regardless of their contents. By setting the appropriate options for your folders, you can complete your tasks faster. To set options for open folders, you need to execute the command Tools/Folder Options. In the window that appears, all the necessary folder parameters are set (see figure). Folder Options window

Copying and moving folders is the same as copying and moving files. To copy a folder, just drag it with the right button to the place where you want to copy it. When the context menu appears, you can select Copy to copy the folder, or Move to change the location of the folder. To rename a folder, the context menu is called and the Rename command is selected.

Having considered the technical aspect of working with folders, we will describe how to create your own information space. Documents generated by the user must be strictly structured, and in this case the folder is the means of structuring. If all documents are stored in one folder, then after reaching a certain critical mass, it will be difficult for the user to navigate in their own documents. And the actual work time will be spent on finding the right document.

The information resource covers all divisions and services of the organization. In this sense, we can talk about the information space of an enterprise, understanding by this term not only information and means of its processing, but also the geography of information relations.

The information space of the organization (IP) is formed with the help of technical means of information processing, computer and telecommunication technology. Depending on the form of their interaction and use, four main levels of implementation of the organization's IP can be distinguished.

On the first level implementation of the organization's IP, factual information about the performed business transactions is formed in the form of tables of a specific database (database). The processing of these tables allows you to keep the main types of accounting: operational, accounting, administrative, tax, etc.

Implementation of the second level IP involves the use of a powerful database management system (DBMS), which allows not only to perform basic operations for processing factual information and support all types of accounting, but also to enable the preparation of various analytical documents. At this level of implementation, interaction with the Internet is formed, which allows for electronic document management and contributes to the accumulation and generalization of corporate information.

IP model of the third level reflects its division into separate information systems: logistics, accounting and reporting, personnel management, etc., each of which forms its own IS. Here, a common information display IS for management is also created. IPs of this level use a "data pool" in their structure, which determines not only the possibility of receiving and storing operational information, but also the means of its preliminary processing according to pre-established algorithms. These algorithms are tuned to a pre-installed system of analytical reports. The IP model of the third level provides for the implementation of business activities on the Internet, for example, visiting trading floors, using electronic payments, etc.

IP organization of the fourth level involves its expansion through the use of front-office structures that can provide stakeholders (suppliers, partners, customers, investors) with the necessary information using the Internet in accordance with the authority given to them, Fig. 1.4.

Rice. 1.4. Organization Information Space Model

The processes of IP formation at this level are carried out with the help of the company's back office. The system is controlled by a management information system connected to the system cockpit. The cockpit implements the demonstration of graphical analytical reports using demonstration LSD-tablets.

1.4. Enterprise management information systems and their classification

To build enterprise management information systems (EMIS) it is necessary:

1. Formulate the main goals achieved by the enterprise in the process of using IT.

2. Assess the state of the structure of the current PMIS, its workflow and the need for virtualization.

3. Select the areas of application of the information resource both within the enterprise (at the corporate level) and outside the enterprise (at the virtual level).

4. Determine the required model of enterprise management.

5. Establish the content of the necessary software and hardware to achieve your goals.

6. Develop a personnel training system.

7. Form an appropriate production service.

8. Develop a structure for interconnection, management and protection of hardware and network facilities.

9. Estimate the expected level of costs and the results achieved.

When building an ISMS, it is also necessary to take into account the increase in risks associated both with the use of information received in the ISMS, and with the possibility of conducting e-commerce and marketing activities, and ensure the protection of the ISMS from external and internal information sabotage.

For the formation of PMIS, you can use various organizational approaches, the main of which are:

1) the acquisition of individual modules of software and hardware and the independent construction of an enterprise information system;

2) appeal to enterprises system integrators that provide qualified services for the installation of software and hardware;

3) contacting consulting (consulting) companies that advise the implementation of completed projects, the acquisition of the necessary information system;

4) cooperation with a system integrator who creates an information system and maintains a hardware and software complex during the time agreed with the customer;

5) implementation of information projects and the provision of services for the maintenance of software and hardware by specialized integrated independent organizations. This approach is called "autosourcing" (from English, outsourcing). In this case, the enterprise manager only uses information from a software and hardware complex belonging to a third-party organization.

PMIS can be classified using various criteria: the organization of the control loop, the method of control, the use of appropriate IT, etc. Consider the classification of PMIS depending on the level of implementation of the organization's information space: accounting, analytical, integrated and dynamic systems.

Accounting IS organize the issuance of documents (as a rule, on paper) on the state of individual business processes of the organization. These systems are focused on the formation of the first level IP. The complexity of processing information in paper technology (different formats, different dictionaries) leads to the fact that the final information is created, as a rule, by the time it is no longer needed. These systems allow obtaining information about the current state of the production process, personnel records and maintaining an accounting and reporting system, which is valuable for solving many problems of small and medium-sized enterprises. They are aimed, as a rule, at the processes of organizing various forms of accounting, displaying current information and issuing analytical reports.

Analytical ICs, using various methods of information analysis, allow you to show the development trends of the organization's business processes, organize electronic document management. They allow you to form a second-level IP.

Integrated ICs provide employees with access to the necessary information in real time, which allows you to control the execution of the process at any stage, providing process management. They also provide mechanisms for controlling and coordinating the various components of the business environment. These systems form the third level IP.

The use of integrated type PMIS allows to intensify the following issues:

 information support at all stages of work on reporting, accelerating the process of preparing reports;

 refinement of data by providing direct access to operational information;

 analysis of the state of the company's functional processes and early warning of negative processes using the possibility of a quick transition to the details of the business (details of its individual customers, business transactions or business processes);

 an integrated holistic view of corporate information; providing the latest information on all the most important indicators - critical factors for the success of the company;

 rapid response to organizational changes or to the rapid provision of new information without involving additional information channels;

 development of predictive expectations in business, which makes it possible to implement modern business management methods, control the management process and find ways for business development.

Dynamic ICs are aimed at finding new methods of interaction between business participants in order to maximize profits. They allow you to synchronize the company's management processes with the actions of interested business participants: suppliers, customers, partners, etc. Dynamic systems form the conditions for the implementation of the fourth level IP. Dynamic PMIS are focused on finding the most effective relationship, synchronization of information processes directly in production, between various partner organizations, clients, and investors. They combine the advantages of integrated PMIS and Internet technologies, realizing the possibilities of electronic business.

Information space

Today, the Internet already has an information base available for experiments of such a volume that it was previously difficult to imagine. Moreover, the volume of this database exceeds by several orders of magnitude everything that was available a decade ago. In August 2005, Yahoo announced that it had indexed about 20 billion documents. Last year Google's achievement was less than 10 billion documents, i.е. in one year, the amount of open, accessible information from the Internet has doubled. According to the Web Server Survey in August 2005, the number of Web sites exceeded 72 million. Thus, the presented data confirm the exponential nature of information growth.

This growth is accompanied by a number of challenges, such as:

1) a disproportionate increase in the level of information noise;

3) weak structured information;

4) repeated duplication of information.

The traditional Web also has such disadvantages as an abundance of "information garbage", the impossibility of guaranteeing the integrity of documents, the practical absence of the possibility of semantic search, and limited access to the "hidden" Web.

The information space is a set of results of the semantic activity of mankind. It can be understood both in a figurative sense and in an idealistic one, the latter approach is developed in philosophy, as well as in para- and pseudo-scientific studies, then the information space can be understood as “the world of names and titles, associated with the ontological” (physical).

An information space can also be considered a set of banks and databases, technologies for their maintenance and use, information telecommunication systems operating on the basis of general principles and providing:

1) information interaction of organizations and citizens;

2) satisfaction of their information needs.

Strictly speaking, the information space, being one of the primary concepts, cannot be precisely defined. Most often, this term is understood as a logical opposition to the objective (objective, physical, material) world.

It is generally considered that the information space is the same as the semantic space. From a practical point of view, it is.

The main components of the information space are: information resources, means of information interaction and information infrastructure.

The problem of "knowledge", most likely, will never be reduced to any set of tasks that could be finally solved in a purely technological way. On the contrary, it will apparently require serious research in various directions, including at a sufficiently high theoretical level. One of the central issues in this regard, in our opinion, is the relationship between the information and semantic space, which, as a rule, is given unreasonably little attention. In the literature, they are often even identified, without any reason. The fact that these two categories are in no way identical, obviously follows from the difference in their nature: the information space is formed by data physically recorded on various media, while the semantic space is generated by complexes of abstract concepts associated with subjective assessments given by a person. It seems most natural to define the network semantic space as a set of units of meaning that are relevant in a given socio-cultural context and represented in the network. Under the unit of meaning, we, as usual, understand an elementary category that allows us to build subjective value judgments about things and processes related to the world around us. In real life, there is certainly a very definite connection between them, but finding this connection, apparently, is a very non-trivial task.

Fundamentals of searching for information on the Internet.

The search for information is a task that mankind has been solving for many centuries. As the volume of information resources potentially available to one person (for example, a library visitor) has grown, more and more sophisticated and sophisticated search tools and techniques have been developed to find the required document.

All the means and methods of information search found over many years are available and effective when searching for information on the Internet.

Consider the general scheme: the author creates a document. The user has an information need. This information need often (as a rule) cannot even be accurately expressed in words, and is expressed only in the assessment of viewed documents - suitable or not suitable. In the theory of information retrieval, instead of the word “suitable”, the term “pertinent document” is used, and instead of “not suitable”, “not pertinent”. The word "pertinent" comes from the English "pertinent", which means "relevant to the case, suitable in essence." The subjectively understood goal of information retrieval is to find all pertinent and only pertinent documents (we want to find "just what we want and nothing else").

This goal is ideal and yet unattainable. We are often only able to evaluate the pertinence of a document in comparison to other documents. In order to have something to compare with, a certain number of non-pertinent documents are needed. These documents are called - "noise". Too much noise makes it difficult to identify pertinent documents, too little noise does not give confidence that a sufficient number of pertinent documents have been found. Practice shows that when the number of non-pertinent documents lies in the range from 10% to 30%, the seeker feels comfortable not getting lost in a sea of ​​noise and considering that the number of documents found is satisfactory.

When there are many documents, an information retrieval system is used. In this case, the information need must be expressed by means that information retrieval systems "understand" - a Request must be formulated.

A query can rarely accurately express an information need. However, many information retrieval systems, for reasons described below, cannot determine whether a given document matches a query. To solve this problem, a synthetic criterion was introduced - the degree of compliance of the document with the request, which is called "relevance". A relevant document may not be pertinent and vice versa.

The structure of the information space.

Structure is a set of stable relationships and connections between the elements of the system. The structure includes the general organization of the system (object, process, phenomenon), the spatial and temporal arrangement of the components of the system, etc. The structure is formed not by any connections and relations, but, first of all, by natural, essential ones. The most important connections and relations (among the essential ones) are called integrating; they affect other regular connections, causing the general specificity of structures within the system.

The main structural components of the information space in its synergetic representation are information fields and information flows.

An information field is a set of all information concentrated in a given volume of space-time, regardless of its form and state, which is separate from both the object of reflection and the subject of perception. The information field is formed by objective, genetic and idealized information. The movement of information in the information field is carried out through a physical connection between the recipient and the source of information materialized in the information flow.

The information flow is generally a set of information moving in the information space through a communication channel. Information flows can flow both within individual infospheres and between them, depending on the availability of communication channels. At the same time, the meaningful nature of the information flow depends on the characteristics of the communication channel, so to transfer the information flow about a graphic object, it is necessary to use a communication channel that ensures the transmission of visual images (images), otherwise inaccuracies and distortions of the content of the information transmitted in the information flow and its perception by the recipient.

In the organizational and technical aspect, the structure of the information space is made up of a set of databases and data banks, technologies for their use, information and telecommunication systems, networks, applications and organizational structures that operate on the basis of certain principles and according to established rules that ensure the information interaction of users, as well as satisfaction their information needs.

An information system is an organizationally ordered set of specialists, information resources (document arrays) and information technologies, including using computer technology and communication tools that implement information processes - obtaining input data. Processing this data and / or changing one's own internal state (internal connections / relations), issuing a result, or changing one's external state (external connections / relations).

Information systems are conventionally divided into simple and complex.

A simple information system is a system whose elements function in accordance with the rules generated by the same mutually consistent set of axioms.

A complex information system is a system that contains elements that function in accordance with the rules generated by different sets of axioms. At the same time, it is assumed that among the rules for the functioning of various elements there may be mutually contradictory rules and goals. Violation of protective barriers in the interaction of elements of a complex system with each other leads to the reprogramming of these elements and / or their destruction.

Means for providing automated information systems and their technologies include software, technical, linguistic, legal, organizational tools (programs for electronic computers; computer equipment and communications; dictionaries, thesauri and classifiers; instructions and methods; regulations, charters, job descriptions ; schemes and their descriptions, other operational and accompanying documentation), used or created in the design of information systems and ensuring their operation.

The composition of the technological and organizational components of the information space in a generalized version includes:

1) Information and telecommunications infrastructure - computers geographically distributed in the country (countries, world), interconnected in a network by means of communication and telecommunications.

Information infrastructure is an environment that provides the possibility of collecting, transmitting, storing, automated processing and dissemination of information in society. The information infrastructure of society is formed by a combination of:

a) information and telecommunication systems and communication networks, the industry of informatization, telecommunications and communications;

b) systems for the formation and preservation of information resources; systems for providing access to information and telecommunication systems, communication networks and information resources;

c) the information services industry and the information market;

d) systems of training and retraining of personnel, conducting scientific research.

2) Information resources on machine media, primarily specialized information arrays in the form of automated databases, as well as information resources distributed over WEB sites on the Internet. Information resources include individual documents and individual arrays of documents, documents and arrays of documents in information systems (libraries, archives, funds, data banks, knowledge bases, other information systems). Information resources are objects of relations between individuals, legal entities, and the state. Information resources can be state and non-state, and as an element of the composition of property be owned by citizens, state authorities, local governments, organizations and public associations.

There are a number of features that distinguish information resources from other types of resources:

a) they are not consumed and are subject not to physical, but to obsolescence;

b) they are inherently intangible and irreducible to the physical medium in which they are embodied;

c) their use allows to sharply reduce the consumption of other types of resources, which ultimately leads to enormous cost savings;

the process of their creation and use is carried out with the help of computer technology.

3) Methods and means of applied mathematics - algorithms and software tools (complexes) that ensure the functioning of hardware platforms (systems).

4) Organizational measures that ensure the functioning of the components of the information space (conferences, activities of working groups of specialists, etc.).

5) Legal measures (norms) - information legislation, international agreements and treaties, other national and international normative legal acts.

6) The market of information technologies, means of communication, informatization and telecommunications, information products and services.

The information space of social systems includes the following:

1) Information space units that generate information:

a) in the media - group communicators (editions of the media) and key communicators (communicators directly included in the editorial offices of the media, personifying the information of this media);

b) newsmakers (eng. Newsmaker - literally "creator of news") - leaders of public opinion (politicians, economic leaders, representatives of the cultural elite, etc.);

c) experts (interpreters) - specialists who actively and professionally work with information, the nature and form of information flows depend on their comments (interpretation) (political scientists, economists, sociologists, etc.);

d) opinion leaders - quite active people, unlike the above categories, not tied to certain channels of information dissemination, having a total need for information dissemination (in small and medium social groups);

e) producers of special information (theater, cinema, advertising in all its manifestations outside the media, fashion, goods, money (in mass communications), architecture, etc.).

2) Communication channels:

a) formed by the media and MC (printed, electronic and other media);

b) channels of interpersonal communication (interpersonal communication);

c) specialized - aimed at narrow groups - professional, elite, etc. (specialized professional publications, partly - Internet);

d) the rest (commodity-money channels).

3) Areas - in social systems are formed according to certain socio-psychological principles, are included in a certain network (information channels). Areas included in certain channels at a given time may overlap; There are also areas that are not included in the channel(s), but are influenced by the context, the general rhythm of information processes and are synchronized through secondary influences.

In relation to information, areas (in social systems) are divided into:

a) information generators (superinnovators) ~ 3%;

b) innovators (quickly accept new things from generators) ~ 15%;

c) center (moderate innovators / moderate conservatives) ~ 30%;

d) superconservatives (practically do not perceive changes due to rigid internal barriers to everything new) ~ 15%.

One of these components, in particular, is virtual reality, formed in the form of virtual analogues of real objects and processes (for example, chats and forums, electronic banking, e-commerce system, geographic information systems, electronic document management systems, computer-aided design systems and modeling of physical processes etc.), which are based on the corresponding software and hardware platforms and information and telecommunication networks and communication systems. Which is perceived by a person (user) as a model-substitute for the actual reality or as a kind of reality that is primary in relation to objective reality.

The mass creation of information resources integrated into the global information space, such as WEB sites and the publication of materials in the "online" mode (from the English on-line - "on line"), creates a situation where users cannot benefit from this, because as the amount of information resources they need to control becomes too large. Thus, information that is important for users (in principle, available in the information space) is not technically available, since it requires too much time and / or money to “bypass” the necessary resources. As a result, there are qualitatively new changes in the structuring of the information space. These changes are in the "professional segmentation" of the information space of global information networks, primarily the Internet. Members of a particular professional community use a common standard for presenting their resources online. This allows them to launch a network service that, with a given regularity, collects additions / updates from private information resources (WEB sites) into a single database. If this system of resources includes all the information resources of the professional community, then control over receipts in this integral database replaces control over the content of the original set of resources.

Mass "professional segmentation" of information resources in global networks, in principle, gives significant advantages. It is possible, first of all, where there are sufficiently large professional communities (or interest groups), whose members conduct their information activity online.

Thus, the information space is a rather broad concept that different researchers interpret in different ways, but most scientists agree that the information space is a virtual opportunity to receive and use information, part of what we perceive and see.

One of the promising areas is the creation and development of the information space of scientific communications, designed to provide info-communication support for the process of scientific research. Next, we will consider in more detail the structure and functions of the information space of scientific research.

Teacher's personal information space

In the conditions of the modern dynamic development of society and its rapidly developing technical and social infrastructure, information becomes the most important strategic resource. The level of informatization, in addition, is becoming one of the essential factors for the successful economic development and competitiveness of the region both in the domestic and foreign markets.

In the modern period of the development of society, characterized by fundamental changes in the socio-economic, political and other spheres, the goal of education is the formation of creatively thinking students with a high information culture, able to quickly adapt in a rapidly changing world. The need to develop new approaches to education is dictated by society's dissatisfaction with its quality. Changing the conditions of society inevitably leads to the improvement of educational concepts.

The education of a student is a social order of society, which is determined by the socio-psychological needs of society, the level of its development, the moral and moral values ​​of this society. Unfortunately, the process of modernization in the education system is difficult.

The main goal of using information technologies in the educational process as an innovative approach in education lies in the development of students' abilities on the basis of self-regulation and self-education; the formation of a scientific foundation for the successful forecasting of one's own professional activity, the creative development of the individual and the right choice of an individual program of a person.

Psychologists distinguish the following personal spaces of a person: bodily, objective, space, information space, emotional space, time. Personal information space is a mandatory attribute of a person of the 21st century, and skills for its formation can be considered as important information competencies. The creation of the information space is aimed at information interaction between the subjects, satisfaction of their information needs.

In recent years, a new generation of parents with a high level of computer literacy has brought their children to school. The class teacher's own blog as one of the types of information space will help the teacher to quickly and more conveniently exchange information with students and their parents, actively use the latest technical achievements and technologies in classroom and extracurricular activities. Having your own blog, a teacher can solve many problems. Communication with students goes to a whole new level.

Blog(eng. blog, from web log”, “network log or diary of events”) is a website whose main content is regularly added entries in the form of text, images or multimedia.

When creating blogs, teachers do not always realize what additional opportunities open up both for themselves and for other participants and readers of their blog. First you need to decide what types of web diaries exist.

blog for the professional community;

teacher's personal professional blog;

blog in support of the educational project;

abstract blog (this is a blog for posting educational content
any topic).

D
For my work as a subject teacher and as a form teacher, I have created two teacher blogs. Class blog (http ://ucheba -i -zhizn .blogspot .ru /) and computer science teacher blog (http ://region -info .blogspot .ru /).

A class blog is a living organism that grows and changes.

Readers of the blog, and this is primarily students, find on the pages of the blog all sorts of useful information for themselves: the schedule of lessons, the calendar of classes and vacations, information about the school, school administration and teachers, homework (the students themselves are responsible for maintaining this page), there are useful links to informational educational resources of the Internet in all subjects, going there, students get the opportunity to prepare for their lessons by watching the necessary video lesson materials. There are necessary links to pages and sites with useful advice from psychologists for parents and students. Links to official educational portals for obtaining important timely information and preparing for the final certification. I quickly fill out a cool electronic journal, access to this resource is limited only to students of our class and their parents, unlike all other blog materials (everyone can view them). There is a page with information from the parent committee (information is uploaded there by the parents themselves). You can find a lot of advice about safe work on the Internet, both for students and for their parents. The main page contains up-to-date messages with announcements, interesting articles, birthday greetings, etc., photo and video reports on past events at school and in the classroom. Using the capabilities of the modern Web-2, I conduct surveys, testing, questioning students on various necessary topics, the answers can be processed immediately, because. tables are filled in automatically. Feedback works well on the blog, all readers have the opportunity to leave comments, visits are recorded, and you can organize a chat in real time. By clicking on the link from the class blog, you can already get to the computer science teacher's blog and use the materials for the lessons. This is my second blog, which I use as a personal information space in my work on the subject with students throughout the school.

Computer literacy has become a component of the professional level of a teacher. Thus, the informatization of the educational process makes it possible to effectively provide educational and methodological assistance to students. .

The development of the creative and intellectual potential of students through the use of ICT is one of the main tasks of the teacher. The network has ceased to be an information transmission medium and a transport channel for the delivery of knowledge. It has become a place where students are constantly, where they take action with the help of social services that help them think and act together.

The use of a computer in teaching makes it possible to control the cognitive activity of schoolchildren; in this case, training is built within the framework of a student-oriented model. Web-resource of the teacher, which contains tests for interactive computer testing, creative work and materials for lessons. The blog is a kind of electronic portfolio of a teacher. A blog site is an additional opportunity to introduce information technologies into the practice of a subject teacher.

The Internet is, above all, an important source of information. In connection with the growth of information volumes, it is necessary to form an information culture. It is understood as knowledge of sources of information, techniques and methods of rational work with them, their application in practical activities.

In the future, I plan to work on the personal information space of students. Personal information space of students is formed on the basis of personal computers. A close option is the creation by the student of his personal website based on one of the many free hostings or a similar diary of events - a blog. In this case, the student creates and stores their documents at the remote site. Simplification of the publication procedure, the availability of various services leads to the fact that there is a transition from the concept of "school site" to the concept of "personal student site". This personal student site serves as a personal informational learning space. A teacher's blog appears, then a student's blog appears, the teacher sets the norm for communicative behavior on the network. Such blogs are elements of a modern educational environment in which equal participants develop - students and teachers.

The very emergence of the concept of personal learning space reflects a change in attitudes towards what the student is doing. From a paper portfolio with diplomas and diplomas, a transition is being made to a model in which the student is more responsible for his learning, he collects and presents not only his final, but also intermediate results of his activities.

The last decade has put the school in a situation where it is necessary to introduce significant changes in the system of teaching and educating students. These changes should be ensured by the reform of the school, which is dictated by the modernization of education, the computerization of schools. All this will allow to form a positive motivation for learning activities, to implement a differentiated, individual approach to learning at the student level, to individualize the learning process, to create a reliable system for monitoring the assimilation of knowledge, to carry out the learning process in the mode of cooperation between a teacher and a student, to improve the pedagogical qualifications of a teacher.

Literature:

Syromyatnikova L.M., “Master class of the deputy director for educational work in a general education institution”, / L.M. Syromyatnikova-M, Globus, 2009

Patarakin E.D., Yarmakhov B.B., Everyday network culture as a solution to classification problems // Educational Technologies and Society, 2007

Newspaper “Class leadership. Education of schoolchildren ”No. 10 May 16-31, 2010, p. 9. Kristina Pavlova (Progymnasium No. 1733, Moscow).

Internet resource article N.A. Poleshchuk.